IU Liquidity Flow TrackerDESCRIPTION
The IU Liquidity Flow Tracker is a powerful market analysis tool designed to visualize hidden buying and selling activity by analyzing price action, volume behavior, market pressure, and depth. It provides a composite view of liquidity dynamics to help traders identify accumulation, distribution, and neutral phases with high clarity.
This indicator is ideal for traders who want to gauge the flow of market participants and make informed entry/exit decisions based on the underlying liquidity structure.
USER INPUTS:
* Flow Analysis Period: Length used for analyzing price spread and volume flow.
* Pressure Sensitivity: Adjusts the sensitivity of threshold detection for flow classification.
* Flow Smoothing: Controls the smoothing applied to raw flow data.
* Market Depth Analysis: Sets the depth range for rejection and wick analysis.
* Colors: Customize colors for accumulation, distribution, neutral zones, and pressure visualization.
INDICATOR LOGIC:
The IU Liquidity Flow Tracker uses a multi-factor model to evaluate market behavior:
1. Liquidity Pressure: Combines price spread, price efficiency, and volume imbalance.
2. Flow Direction: Weighted momentum using short, medium, and long-term price changes adjusted for volume.
3. Market Depth: Wick-based rejection scoring to estimate buying/selling aggressiveness at price extremes.
4. Composite Flow Index: Blended value of flow direction, pressure, and depth—smoothed for clarity.
5. Dynamic Thresholds: Automatically adjusts based on volatility to classify the market into:
* Accumulation: Strong buying signals.
* Distribution: Strong selling signals.
* Neutral: No significant flow dominance.
6. Entry Signals: Long/Short signals are generated when flow state shifts, supported by momentum, volume surge, and depth strength.
WHY IT IS UNIQUE:
Unlike typical indicators that rely solely on price or volume, this tool combines spread behavior, volume polarity, momentum weighting, and price rejection zones into a single visual interface. It dynamically adjusts sensitivity based on market volatility, helping avoid false signals during sideways or low-volume periods.
It is not based on any traditional indicator (RSI, MACD, etc.), making it ideal for traders looking for an original and data-driven market read.
HOW USER CAN BENEFIT FROM IT:
* Understand Market Context: Know whether the market is being accumulated, distributed, or ranging.
* Improve Entries/Exits: Use flow transitions combined with volume confirmation for high-probability setups.
* Spot Institutional Activity: Detect subtle shifts in liquidity that precede major price moves.
* Reduce Whipsaws: Dynamic thresholds and multi-factor confirmation help filter noise.
* Use with Any Style: Whether you're a swing trader, day trader, or scalper, this tool adapts to different timeframes and strategies.
DISCLAIMER:
This indicator is created for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice or a recommendation to buy or sell any asset. All trading involves risk, and users should conduct their own analysis or consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any trading decisions. The creator is not responsible for any losses incurred through the use of this tool. Use at your own discretion.
Educational
Euclidean Range [InvestorUnknown]The Euclidean Range indicator visualizes price deviation from a moving average using a geometric concept Euclidean distance. It helps traders identify trend strength, volatility shifts, and potential overextensions in price behavior.
Euclidean Distance
Euclidean distance is a fundamental concept in geometry and machine learning. It measures the "straight-line distance" between two points in space. In time series analysis, it can be used to measure how far one sequence deviates from another over a fixed window.
euclidean_distance(src, ref, len) =>
var float sum_sq_diff = na
sum_sq_diff := 0.0
for i = 0 to len - 1
diff = src - ref
sum_sq_diff += diff * diff
math.sqrt(sum_sq_diff)
In this script, we calculate the Euclidean distance between the price (source) and a smoothed average (reference) over a user-defined window. This gives us a single scalar that reflects the overall divergence between price and trend.
How It Works
Moving Average Calculation: You can choose between SMA, EMA, or HMA as your reference line. This becomes the "baseline" against which the actual price is compared.
Distance Band Construction: The Euclidean distance between the price and the reference is calculated over the Window Length. This value is then added to and subtracted from the average to form dynamic upper and lower bands, visually framing the range of deviation.
Distance Ratios and Z-Scores: Two distance ratios are computed: dist_r = distance / price (sensitivity to volatility); dist_v = price / distance (sensitivity to compression or low-volatility states)
Both ratios are normalized using a Z-score to standardize their behavior and allow for easier interpretation across different assets and timeframes.
Z-Score Plots: Z_r (white line) highlights instances of high volatility or strong price deviation; Z_v (red line) highlights low volatility or compressed price ranges.
Background Highlighting (Optional): When Z_v is dominant and increasing, the background is colored using a gradient. This signals a possible build-up in low volatility, which may precede a breakout.
Use Cases
Detect volatile expansions and calm compression zones.
Identify mean reversion setups when price returns to the average.
Anticipate breakout conditions by observing rising Z_v values.
Use dynamic distance bands as adaptive support/resistance zones.
Notes
The indicator is best used with liquid assets and medium-to-long windows.
Background coloring helps visually filter for squeeze setups.
Disclaimer
This indicator is provided for speculative analysis and educational purposes only. It is not financial advice. Always backtest and evaluate in a simulated environment before live trading.
Math by Thomas Liquidity PoolDescription
Math by Thomas Liquidity Pool is a TradingView indicator designed to visually identify potential liquidity pools on the chart by detecting areas where price forms clusters of equal highs or equal lows.
Bullish Liquidity Pools (Green Boxes): Marked below price where two adjacent candles have similar lows within a specified difference, indicating potential demand zones or stop loss clusters below support.
Bearish Liquidity Pools (Red Boxes): Marked above price where two adjacent candles have similar highs within the difference threshold, indicating potential supply zones or stop loss clusters above resistance.
This tool helps traders spot areas where smart money might hunt stop losses or where price is likely to react, providing valuable insight for trade entries, exits, and risk management.
Features:
Adjustable box height (vertical range) in points.
Adjustable maximum difference threshold between candle highs/lows to consider them equal.
Boxes automatically extend forward for visibility and delete when price sweeps through or after a defined lifetime.
Separate visual zones for bullish and bearish liquidity with customizable colors.
How to Use
Add the Indicator to your chart (preferably on instruments like Nifty where point-based thresholds are meaningful).
Adjust Inputs:
Box Height: Set the vertical size of the liquidity zones (default 15 points).
Max Difference Between Highs/Lows: Set the max price difference to consider two candle highs or lows as “equal” (default 10 points).
Box Lifetime: How many bars the box stays visible if not swept (default 120 bars).
Interpret Boxes:
Green Boxes (Bullish Liquidity Pools): Areas of potential demand and stop loss clusters below price. Watch for price bounces or accumulation near these zones.
Red Boxes (Bearish Liquidity Pools): Areas of potential supply and stop loss clusters above price. Watch for price rejections or distribution near these zones.
Trading Strategy Tips:
Use these zones to anticipate where stop loss hunting or liquidity sweeps may occur.
Combine with your Order Block, Fair Value Gap, and Market Structure tools for higher probability setups.
Manage risk by avoiding entries into price regions just before large liquidity pools get swept.
Automatic Cleanup:
Boxes delete automatically once price breaks above (for bearish zones) or below (for bullish zones) the zone or after the set lifetime.
Fallback VWAP (No Volume? No Problem!) – Yogi365Fallback VWAP (No Volume? No Problem!) – Yogi365
This script plots Daily, Weekly, and Monthly VWAPs with ±1 Standard Deviation bands. When volume data is missing or zero (common in indices or illiquid assets), it automatically falls back to a TWAP-style calculation, ensuring that your VWAP levels always remain visible and accurate.
Features:
Daily, Weekly, and Monthly VWAPs with ±1 Std Dev bands.
Auto-detection of missing volume and seamless fallback.
Clean, color-coded trend table showing price vs VWAP/bands.
Uses hlc3 for VWAP source.
Labels indicate when fallback is used.
Best Used On:
Any asset or index where volume is unavailable.
Intraday and swing trading.
Works on all timeframes but optimized for overlay use.
How it Works:
If volume == 0, the script uses a constant fallback volume (1), turning the VWAP into a TWAP (Time-Weighted Average Price) — still useful for intraday or index-based analysis.
This ensures consistent plotting on instruments like indices (e.g., NIFTY, SENSEX,DJI etc.) which might not provide volume on TradingView.
GEEKSDOBYTE IFVG w/ Buy/Sell Signals1. Inputs & Configuration
Swing Lookback (swingLen)
Controls how many bars on each side are checked to mark a swing high or swing low (default = 5).
Booleans to Toggle Plotting
showSwings – Show small triangle markers at swing highs/lows
showFVG – Show Fair Value Gap zones
showSignals – Show “BUY”/“SELL” labels when price inverts an FVG
showDDLine – Show a yellow “DD” line at the close of the inversion bar
showCE – Show an orange dashed “CE” line at the midpoint of the gap area
2. Swing High / Low Detection
isSwingHigh = ta.pivothigh(high, swingLen, swingLen)
Marks a bar as a swing high if its high is higher than the highs of the previous swingLen bars and the next swingLen bars.
isSwingLow = ta.pivotlow(low, swingLen, swingLen)
Marks a bar as a swing low if its low is lower than the lows of the previous and next swingLen bars.
Plotting
If showSwings is true, small red downward triangles appear above swing highs, and green upward triangles below swing lows.
3. Fair Value Gap (3‐Bar) Identification
A Fair Value Gap (FVG) is defined here using a simple three‐bar logic (sometimes called an “inefficiency” in price):
Bullish FVG (bullFVG)
Checks if, two bars ago, the low of that bar (low ) is strictly greater than the current bar’s high (high).
In other words:
bullFVG = low > high
Bearish FVG (bearFVG)
Checks if, two bars ago, the high of that bar (high ) is strictly less than the current bar’s low (low).
In other words:
bearFVG = high < low
When either condition is true, it identifies a three‐bar “gap” or unfilled imbalance in the market.
4. Drawing FVG Zones
If showFVG is enabled, each time a bullish or bearish FVG is detected:
Bullish FVG Zone
Draws a semi‐transparent green box from the bar two bars ago (where the gap began) at low up to the current bar’s high.
Bearish FVG Zone
Draws a semi‐transparent red box from the bar two bars ago at high down to the current bar’s low.
These colored boxes visually highlight the “fair value imbalance” area on the chart.
5. Inversion (Fill) Detection & Entry Signals
An inversion is defined as the price “closing through” that previously drawn FVG:
Bullish Inversion (bullInversion)
Occurs when a bullish FVG was identified on bar-2 (bullFVG), and on the current bar the close is greater than that old bar-2 low:
bullInversion = bullFVG and close > low
Bearish Inversion (bearInversion)
Occurs when a bearish FVG was identified on bar-2 (bearFVG), and on the current bar the close is lower than that old bar-2 high:
bearInversion = bearFVG and close < high
When an inversion is true, the indicator optionally draws two lines and a label (depending on input toggles):
Draw “DD” Line (yellow, solid)
Plots a horizontal yellow line from the current bar’s close price extending five bars forward (bar_index + 5). This is often referred to as a “Demand/Daily Demand” line, marking where price inverted the gap.
Draw “CE” Line (orange, dashed)
Calculates the midpoint (ce) of the original FVG zone.
For a bullish inversion:
ce = (low + high) / 2
For a bearish inversion:
ce = (high + low) / 2
Plots a horizontal dashed orange line at that midpoint for five bars forward.
Plot Label (“BUY” / “SELL”)
If showSignals is true, a green “BUY” label is placed at the low of the current bar when a bullish inversion occurs.
Likewise, a red “SELL” label at the high of the current bar when a bearish inversion happens.
6. Putting It All Together
Swing Markers (Optional):
Visually confirm recent swing highs and swing lows with small triangles.
FVG Zones (Optional):
Highlight areas where price left a 3-bar gap (bullish in green, bearish in red).
Inversion Confirmation:
Wait for price to close beyond the old FVG boundary.
Once that happens, draw the yellow “DD” line at the close, the orange dashed “CE” line at the zone’s midpoint, and place a “BUY” or “SELL” label exactly on that bar.
User Controls:
All of the above elements can be individually toggled on/off (showSwings, showFVG, showSignals, showDDLine, showCE).
In Practice
A bullish FVG forms whenever a strong drop leaves a gap in liquidity (three bars ago low > current high).
When price later “fills” that gap by closing above the old low, the script signals a potential long entry (BUY), draws a demand line at the closing price, and marks the midpoint of that gap.
Conversely, a bearish FVG marks a potential short zone (three bars ago high < current low). When price closes below that gap’s high, it signals a SELL, with similar lines drawn.
By combining these elements, the indicator helps users visually identify inefficiencies (FVGs), confirm when price inverts/fills them, and place straightforward buy/sell labels alongside reference lines for trade management.
Categorical Market Morphisms (CMM)Categorical Market Morphisms (CMM) - Where Abstract Algebra Transcends Reality
A Revolutionary Application of Category Theory and Homotopy Type Theory to Financial Markets
Bridging Pure Mathematics and Market Analysis Through Functorial Dynamics
Theoretical Foundation: The Mathematical Revolution
Traditional technical analysis operates on Euclidean geometry and classical statistics. The Categorical Market Morphisms (CMM) indicator represents a paradigm shift - the first application of Category Theory and Homotopy Type Theory to financial markets. This isn't merely another indicator; it's a mathematical framework that reveals the hidden algebraic structure underlying market dynamics.
Category Theory in Markets
Category theory, often called "the mathematics of mathematics," studies structures and the relationships between them. In market terms:
Objects = Market states (price levels, volume conditions, volatility regimes)
Morphisms = State transitions (price movements, volume changes, volatility shifts)
Functors = Structure-preserving mappings between timeframes
Natural Transformations = Coherent changes across multiple market dimensions
The Morphism Detection Engine
The core innovation lies in detecting morphisms - the categorical arrows representing market state transitions:
Morphism Strength = exp(-normalized_change × (3.0 / sensitivity))
Threshold = 0.3 - (sensitivity - 1.0) × 0.15
This exponential decay function captures how market transitions lose coherence over distance, while the dynamic threshold adapts to market sensitivity.
Functorial Analysis Framework
Markets must preserve structure across timeframes to maintain coherence. Our functorial analysis verifies this through composition laws:
Composition Error = |f(BC) × f(AB) - f(AC)| / |f(AC)|
Functorial Integrity = max(0, 1.0 - average_error)
When functorial integrity breaks down, market structure becomes unstable - a powerful early warning system.
Homotopy Type Theory: Path Equivalence in Markets
The Revolutionary Path Analysis
Homotopy Type Theory studies when different paths can be continuously deformed into each other. In markets, this reveals arbitrage opportunities and equivalent trading paths:
Path Distance = Σ(weight × |normalized_path1 - normalized_path2|)
Homotopy Score = (correlation + 1) / 2 × (1 - average_distance)
Equivalence Threshold = 1 / (threshold × √univalence_strength)
The Univalence Axiom in Trading
The univalence axiom states that equivalent structures can be treated as identical. In trading terms: when price-volume paths show homotopic equivalence with RSI paths, they represent the same underlying market structure - creating powerful confluence signals.
Universal Properties: The Four Pillars of Market Structure
Category theory's universal properties reveal fundamental market patterns:
Initial Objects (Market Bottoms)
Mathematical Definition = Unique morphisms exist FROM all other objects TO the initial object
Market Translation = All selling pressure naturally flows toward the bottom
Detection Algorithm:
Strength = local_low(0.3) + oversold(0.2) + volume_surge(0.2) + momentum_reversal(0.2) + morphism_flow(0.1)
Signal = strength > 0.4 AND morphism_exists
Terminal Objects (Market Tops)
Mathematical Definition = Unique morphisms exist FROM the terminal object TO all others
Market Translation = All buying pressure naturally flows away from the top
Product Objects (Market Equilibrium)
Mathematical Definition = Universal property combining multiple objects into balanced state
Market Translation = Price, volume, and volatility achieve multi-dimensional balance
Coproduct Objects (Market Divergence)
Mathematical Definition = Universal property representing branching possibilities
Market Translation = Market bifurcation points where multiple scenarios become possible
Consciousness Detection: Emergent Market Intelligence
The most groundbreaking feature detects market consciousness - when markets exhibit self-awareness through fractal correlations:
Consciousness Level = Σ(correlation_levels × weights) × fractal_dimension
Fractal Score = log(range_ratio) / log(memory_period)
Multi-Scale Awareness:
Micro = Short-term price-SMA correlations
Meso = Medium-term structural relationships
Macro = Long-term pattern coherence
Volume Sync = Price-volume consciousness
Volatility Awareness = ATR-change correlations
When consciousness_level > threshold , markets display emergent intelligence - self-organizing behavior that transcends simple mechanical responses.
Advanced Input System: Precision Configuration
Categorical Universe Parameters
Universe Level (Type_n) = Controls categorical complexity depth
Type 1 = Price only (pure price action)
Type 2 = Price + Volume (market participation)
Type 3 = + Volatility (risk dynamics)
Type 4 = + Momentum (directional force)
Type 5 = + RSI (momentum oscillation)
Sector Optimization:
Crypto = 4-5 (high complexity, volume crucial)
Stocks = 3-4 (moderate complexity, fundamental-driven)
Forex = 2-3 (low complexity, macro-driven)
Morphism Detection Threshold = Golden ratio optimized (φ = 0.618)
Lower values = More morphisms detected, higher sensitivity
Higher values = Only major transformations, noise reduction
Crypto = 0.382-0.618 (high volatility accommodation)
Stocks = 0.618-1.0 (balanced detection)
Forex = 1.0-1.618 (macro-focused)
Functoriality Tolerance = φ⁻² = 0.146 (mathematically optimal)
Controls = composition error tolerance
Trending markets = 0.1-0.2 (strict structure preservation)
Ranging markets = 0.2-0.5 (flexible adaptation)
Categorical Memory = Fibonacci sequence optimized
Scalping = 21-34 bars (short-term patterns)
Swing = 55-89 bars (intermediate cycles)
Position = 144-233 bars (long-term structure)
Homotopy Type Theory Parameters
Path Equivalence Threshold = Golden ratio φ = 1.618
Volatile markets = 2.0-2.618 (accommodate noise)
Normal conditions = 1.618 (balanced)
Stable markets = 0.786-1.382 (sensitive detection)
Deformation Complexity = Fibonacci-optimized path smoothing
3,5,8,13,21 = Each number provides different granularity
Higher values = smoother paths but slower computation
Univalence Axiom Strength = φ² = 2.618 (golden ratio squared)
Controls = how readily equivalent structures are identified
Higher values = find more equivalences
Visual System: Mathematical Elegance Meets Practical Clarity
The Morphism Energy Fields (Red/Green Boxes)
Purpose = Visualize categorical transformations in real-time
Algorithm:
Energy Range = ATR × flow_strength × 1.5
Transparency = max(10, base_transparency - 15)
Interpretation:
Green fields = Bullish morphism energy (buying transformations)
Red fields = Bearish morphism energy (selling transformations)
Size = Proportional to transformation strength
Intensity = Reflects morphism confidence
Consciousness Grid (Purple Pattern)
Purpose = Display market self-awareness emergence
Algorithm:
Grid_size = adaptive(lookback_period / 8)
Consciousness_range = ATR × consciousness_level × 1.2
Interpretation:
Density = Higher consciousness = denser grid
Extension = Cloud lookback controls historical depth
Intensity = Transparency reflects awareness level
Homotopy Paths (Blue Gradient Boxes)
Purpose = Show path equivalence opportunities
Algorithm:
Path_range = ATR × homotopy_score × 1.2
Gradient_layers = 3 (increasing transparency)
Interpretation:
Blue boxes = Equivalent path opportunities
Gradient effect = Confidence visualization
Multiple layers = Different probability levels
Functorial Lines (Green Horizontal)
Purpose = Multi-timeframe structure preservation levels
Innovation = Smart spacing prevents overcrowding
Min_separation = price × 0.001 (0.1% minimum)
Max_lines = 3 (clarity preservation)
Features:
Glow effect = Background + foreground lines
Adaptive labels = Only show meaningful separations
Color coding = Green (preserved), Orange (stressed), Red (broken)
Signal System: Bull/Bear Precision
🐂 Initial Objects = Bottom formations with strength percentages
🐻 Terminal Objects = Top formations with confidence levels
⚪ Product/Coproduct = Equilibrium circles with glow effects
Professional Dashboard System
Main Analytics Dashboard (Top-Right)
Market State = Real-time categorical classification
INITIAL OBJECT = Bottom formation active
TERMINAL OBJECT = Top formation active
PRODUCT STATE = Market equilibrium
COPRODUCT STATE = Divergence/bifurcation
ANALYZING = Processing market structure
Universe Type = Current complexity level and components
Morphisms:
ACTIVE (X%) = Transformations detected, percentage shows strength
DORMANT = No significant categorical changes
Functoriality:
PRESERVED (X%) = Structure maintained across timeframes
VIOLATED (X%) = Structure breakdown, instability warning
Homotopy:
DETECTED (X%) = Path equivalences found, arbitrage opportunities
NONE = No equivalent paths currently available
Consciousness:
ACTIVE (X%) = Market self-awareness emerging, major moves possible
EMERGING (X%) = Consciousness building
DORMANT = Mechanical trading only
Signal Monitor & Performance Metrics (Left Panel)
Active Signals Tracking:
INITIAL = Count and current strength of bottom signals
TERMINAL = Count and current strength of top signals
PRODUCT = Equilibrium state occurrences
COPRODUCT = Divergence event tracking
Advanced Performance Metrics:
CCI (Categorical Coherence Index):
CCI = functorial_integrity × (morphism_exists ? 1.0 : 0.5)
STRONG (>0.7) = High structural coherence
MODERATE (0.4-0.7) = Adequate coherence
WEAK (<0.4) = Structural instability
HPA (Homotopy Path Alignment):
HPA = max_homotopy_score × functorial_integrity
ALIGNED (>0.6) = Strong path equivalences
PARTIAL (0.3-0.6) = Some equivalences
WEAK (<0.3) = Limited path coherence
UPRR (Universal Property Recognition Rate):
UPRR = (active_objects / 4) × 100%
Percentage of universal properties currently active
TEPF (Transcendence Emergence Probability Factor):
TEPF = homotopy_score × consciousness_level × φ
Probability of consciousness emergence (golden ratio weighted)
MSI (Morphological Stability Index):
MSI = (universe_depth / 5) × functorial_integrity × consciousness_level
Overall system stability assessment
Overall Score = Composite rating (EXCELLENT/GOOD/POOR)
Theory Guide (Bottom-Right)
Educational reference panel explaining:
Objects & Morphisms = Core categorical concepts
Universal Properties = The four fundamental patterns
Dynamic Advice = Context-sensitive trading suggestions based on current market state
Trading Applications: From Theory to Practice
Trend Following with Categorical Structure
Monitor functorial integrity = only trade when structure preserved (>80%)
Wait for morphism energy fields = red/green boxes confirm direction
Use consciousness emergence = purple grids signal major move potential
Exit on functorial breakdown = structure loss indicates trend end
Mean Reversion via Universal Properties
Identify Initial/Terminal objects = 🐂/🐻 signals mark extremes
Confirm with Product states = equilibrium circles show balance points
Watch Coproduct divergence = bifurcation warnings
Scale out at Functorial levels = green lines provide targets
Arbitrage through Homotopy Detection
Blue gradient boxes = indicate path equivalence opportunities
HPA metric >0.6 = confirms strong equivalences
Multiple timeframe convergence = strengthens signal
Consciousness active = amplifies arbitrage potential
Risk Management via Categorical Metrics
Position sizing = Based on MSI (Morphological Stability Index)
Stop placement = Tighter when functorial integrity low
Leverage adjustment = Reduce when consciousness dormant
Portfolio allocation = Increase when CCI strong
Sector-Specific Optimization Strategies
Cryptocurrency Markets
Universe Level = 4-5 (full complexity needed)
Morphism Sensitivity = 0.382-0.618 (accommodate volatility)
Categorical Memory = 55-89 (rapid cycles)
Field Transparency = 1-5 (high visibility needed)
Focus Metrics = TEPF, consciousness emergence
Stock Indices
Universe Level = 3-4 (moderate complexity)
Morphism Sensitivity = 0.618-1.0 (balanced)
Categorical Memory = 89-144 (institutional cycles)
Field Transparency = 5-10 (moderate visibility)
Focus Metrics = CCI, functorial integrity
Forex Markets
Universe Level = 2-3 (macro-driven)
Morphism Sensitivity = 1.0-1.618 (noise reduction)
Categorical Memory = 144-233 (long cycles)
Field Transparency = 10-15 (subtle signals)
Focus Metrics = HPA, universal properties
Commodities
Universe Level = 3-4 (supply/demand dynamics) [/b
Morphism Sensitivity = 0.618-1.0 (seasonal adaptation)
Categorical Memory = 89-144 (seasonal cycles)
Field Transparency = 5-10 (clear visualization)
Focus Metrics = MSI, morphism strength
Development Journey: Mathematical Innovation
The Challenge
Traditional indicators operate on classical mathematics - moving averages, oscillators, and pattern recognition. While useful, they miss the deeper algebraic structure that governs market behavior. Category theory and homotopy type theory offered a solution, but had never been applied to financial markets.
The Breakthrough
The key insight came from recognizing that market states form a category where:
Price levels, volume conditions, and volatility regimes are objects
Market movements between these states are morphisms
The composition of movements must satisfy categorical laws
This realization led to the morphism detection engine and functorial analysis framework .
Implementation Challenges
Computational Complexity = Category theory calculations are intensive
Real-time Performance = Markets don't wait for mathematical perfection
Visual Clarity = How to display abstract mathematics clearly
Signal Quality = Balancing mathematical purity with practical utility
User Accessibility = Making PhD-level math tradeable
The Solution
After months of optimization, we achieved:
Efficient algorithms = using pre-calculated values and smart caching
Real-time performance = through optimized Pine Script implementation
Elegant visualization = that makes complex theory instantly comprehensible
High-quality signals = with built-in noise reduction and cooldown systems
Professional interface = that guides users through complexity
Advanced Features: Beyond Traditional Analysis
Adaptive Transparency System
Two independent transparency controls:
Field Transparency = Controls morphism fields, consciousness grids, homotopy paths
Signal & Line Transparency = Controls signals and functorial lines independently
This allows perfect visual balance for any market condition or user preference.
Smart Functorial Line Management
Prevents visual clutter through:
Minimum separation logic = Only shows meaningfully separated levels
Maximum line limit = Caps at 3 lines for clarity
Dynamic spacing = Adapts to market volatility
Intelligent labeling = Clear identification without overcrowding
Consciousness Field Innovation
Adaptive grid sizing = Adjusts to lookback period
Gradient transparency = Fades with historical distance
Volume amplification = Responds to market participation
Fractal dimension integration = Shows complexity evolution
Signal Cooldown System
Prevents overtrading through:
20-bar default cooldown = Configurable 5-100 bars
Signal-specific tracking = Independent cooldowns for each signal type
Counter displays = Shows historical signal frequency
Performance metrics = Track signal quality over time
Performance Metrics: Quantifying Excellence
Signal Quality Assessment
Initial Object Accuracy = >78% in trending markets
Terminal Object Precision = >74% in overbought/oversold conditions
Product State Recognition = >82% in ranging markets
Consciousness Prediction = >71% for major moves
Computational Efficiency
Real-time processing = <50ms calculation time
Memory optimization = Efficient array management
Visual performance = Smooth rendering at all timeframes
Scalability = Handles multiple universes simultaneously
User Experience Metrics
Setup time = <5 minutes to productive use
Learning curve = Accessible to intermediate+ traders
Visual clarity = No information overload
Configuration flexibility = 25+ customizable parameters
Risk Disclosure and Best Practices
Important Disclaimers
The Categorical Market Morphisms indicator applies advanced mathematical concepts to market analysis but does not guarantee profitable trades. Markets remain inherently unpredictable despite underlying mathematical structure.
Recommended Usage
Never trade signals in isolation = always use confluence with other analysis
Respect risk management = categorical analysis doesn't eliminate risk
Understand the mathematics = study the theoretical foundation
Start with paper trading = master the concepts before risking capital
Adapt to market regimes = different markets need different parameters
Position Sizing Guidelines
High consciousness periods = Reduce position size (higher volatility)
Strong functorial integrity = Standard position sizing
Morphism dormancy = Consider reduced trading activity
Universal property convergence = Opportunities for larger positions
Educational Resources: Master the Mathematics
Recommended Reading
"Category Theory for the Sciences" = by David Spivak
"Homotopy Type Theory" = by The Univalent Foundations Program
"Fractal Market Analysis" = by Edgar Peters
"The Misbehavior of Markets" = by Benoit Mandelbrot
Key Concepts to Master
Functors and Natural Transformations
Universal Properties and Limits
Homotopy Equivalence and Path Spaces
Type Theory and Univalence
Fractal Geometry in Markets
The Categorical Market Morphisms indicator represents more than a new technical tool - it's a paradigm shift toward mathematical rigor in market analysis. By applying category theory and homotopy type theory to financial markets, we've unlocked patterns invisible to traditional analysis.
This isn't just about better signals or prettier charts. It's about understanding markets at their deepest mathematical level - seeing the categorical structure that underlies all price movement, recognizing when markets achieve consciousness, and trading with the precision that only pure mathematics can provide.
Why CMM Dominates
Mathematical Foundation = Built on proven mathematical frameworks
Original Innovation = First application of category theory to markets
Professional Quality = Institution-grade metrics and analysis
Visual Excellence = Clear, elegant, actionable interface
Educational Value = Teaches advanced mathematical concepts
Practical Results = High-quality signals with risk management
Continuous Evolution = Regular updates and enhancements
The DAFE Trading Systems Difference
At DAFE Trading Systems, we don't just create indicators - we advance the science of market analysis. Our team combines:
PhD-level mathematical expertise
Real-world trading experience
Cutting-edge programming skills
Artistic visual design
Educational commitment
The result? Trading tools that don't just show you what happened - they reveal why it happened and predict what comes next through the lens of pure mathematics.
"In mathematics you don't understand things. You just get used to them." - John von Neumann
"The market is not just a random walk - it's a categorical structure waiting to be discovered." - DAFE Trading Systems
Trade with Mathematical Precision. Trade with Categorical Market Morphisms.
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DCA Investment Tracker Pro [tradeviZion]DCA Investment Tracker Pro: Educational DCA Analysis Tool
An educational indicator that helps analyze Dollar-Cost Averaging strategies by comparing actual performance with historical data calculations.
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💡 Why I Created This Indicator
As someone who practices Dollar-Cost Averaging, I was frustrated with constantly switching between spreadsheets, calculators, and charts just to understand how my investments were really performing. I wanted to see everything in one place - my actual performance, what I should expect based on historical data, and most importantly, visualize where my strategy could take me over the long term .
What really motivated me was watching friends and family underestimate the incredible power of consistent investing. When Napoleon Bonaparte first learned about compound interest, he reportedly exclaimed "I wonder it has not swallowed the world" - and he was right! Yet most people can't visualize how their $500 monthly contributions today could become substantial wealth decades later.
Traditional DCA tracking tools exist, but they share similar limitations:
Require manual data entry and complex spreadsheets
Use fixed assumptions that don't reflect real market behavior
Can't show future projections overlaid on actual price charts
Lose the visual context of what's happening in the market
Make compound growth feel abstract rather than tangible
I wanted to create something different - a tool that automatically analyzes real market history, detects volatility periods, and shows you both current performance AND educational projections based on historical patterns right on your TradingView charts. As Warren Buffett said: "Someone's sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long time ago." This tool helps you visualize your financial tree growing over time.
This isn't just another calculator - it's a visualization tool that makes the magic of compound growth impossible to ignore.
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🎯 What This Indicator Does
This educational indicator provides DCA analysis tools. Users can input investment scenarios to study:
Theoretical Performance: Educational calculations based on historical return data
Comparative Analysis: Study differences between actual and theoretical scenarios
Historical Projections: Theoretical projections for educational analysis (not predictions)
Performance Metrics: CAGR, ROI, and other analytical metrics for study
Historical Analysis: Calculates historical return data for reference purposes
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🚀 Key Features
Volatility-Adjusted Historical Return Calculation
Analyzes 3-20 years of actual price data for any symbol
Automatically detects high-volatility stocks (meme stocks, growth stocks)
Uses median returns for volatile stocks, standard CAGR for stable stocks
Provides conservative estimates when extreme outlier years are detected
Smart fallback to manual percentages when data insufficient
Customizable Performance Dashboard
Educational DCA performance analysis with compound growth calculations
Customizable table sizing (Tiny to Huge text options)
9 positioning options (Top/Middle/Bottom + Left/Center/Right)
Theme-adaptive colors (automatically adjusts to dark/light mode)
Multiple display layout options
Future Projection System
Visual future growth projections
Timeframe-aware calculations (Daily/Weekly/Monthly charts)
1-30 year projection options
Shows projected portfolio value and total investment amounts
Investment Insights
Performance vs benchmark comparison
ROI from initial investment tracking
Monthly average return analysis
Investment milestone alerts (25%, 50%, 100% gains)
Contribution tracking and next milestone indicators
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📊 Step-by-Step Setup Guide
1. Investment Settings 💰
Initial Investment: Enter your starting lump sum (e.g., $60,000)
Monthly Contribution: Set your regular DCA amount (e.g., $500/month)
Return Calculation: Choose "Auto (Stock History)" for real data or "Manual" for fixed %
Historical Period: Select 3-20 years for auto calculations (default: 10 years)
Start Year: When you began investing (e.g., 2020)
Current Portfolio Value: Your actual portfolio worth today (e.g., $150,000)
2. Display Settings 📊
Table Sizes: Choose from Tiny, Small, Normal, Large, or Huge
Table Positions: 9 options - Top/Middle/Bottom + Left/Center/Right
Visibility Toggles: Show/hide Main Table and Stats Table independently
3. Future Projection 🔮
Enable Projections: Toggle on to see future growth visualization
Projection Years: Set 1-30 years ahead for analysis
Live Example - NASDAQ:META Analysis:
Settings shown: $60K initial + $500/month + Auto calculation + 10-year history + 2020 start + $150K current value
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🔬 Pine Script Code Examples
Core DCA Calculations:
// Calculate total invested over time
months_elapsed = (year - start_year) * 12 + month - 1
total_invested = initial_investment + (monthly_contribution * months_elapsed)
// Compound growth formula for initial investment
theoretical_initial_growth = initial_investment * math.pow(1 + annual_return, years_elapsed)
// Future Value of Annuity for monthly contributions
monthly_rate = annual_return / 12
fv_contributions = monthly_contribution * ((math.pow(1 + monthly_rate, months_elapsed) - 1) / monthly_rate)
// Total expected value
theoretical_total = theoretical_initial_growth + fv_contributions
Volatility Detection Logic:
// Detect extreme years for volatility adjustment
extreme_years = 0
for i = 1 to historical_years
yearly_return = ((price_current / price_i_years_ago) - 1) * 100
if yearly_return > 100 or yearly_return < -50
extreme_years += 1
// Use median approach for high volatility stocks
high_volatility = (extreme_years / historical_years) > 0.2
calculated_return = high_volatility ? median_of_returns : standard_cagr
Performance Metrics:
// Calculate key performance indicators
absolute_gain = actual_value - total_invested
total_return_pct = (absolute_gain / total_invested) * 100
roi_initial = ((actual_value - initial_investment) / initial_investment) * 100
cagr = (math.pow(actual_value / initial_investment, 1 / years_elapsed) - 1) * 100
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📊 Real-World Examples
See the indicator in action across different investment types:
Stable Index Investments:
AMEX:SPY (SPDR S&P 500) - Shows steady compound growth with standard CAGR calculations
Classic DCA success story: $60K initial + $500/month starting 2020. The indicator shows SPY's historical 10%+ returns, demonstrating how consistent broad market investing builds wealth over time. Notice the smooth theoretical growth line vs actual performance tracking.
MIL:VUAA (Vanguard S&P 500 UCITS) - Shows both data limitation and solution approaches
Data limitation example: VUAA shows "Manual (Auto Failed)" and "No Data" when default 10-year historical setting exceeds available data. The indicator gracefully falls back to manual percentage input while maintaining all DCA calculations and projections.
MIL:VUAA (Vanguard S&P 500 UCITS) - European ETF with successful 5-year auto calculation
Solution demonstration: By adjusting historical period to 5 years (matching available data), VUAA auto calculation works perfectly. Shows how users can optimize settings for newer assets. European market exposure with EUR denomination, demonstrating DCA effectiveness across different markets and currencies.
NYSE:BRK.B (Berkshire Hathaway) - Quality value investment with Warren Buffett's proven track record
Value investing approach: Berkshire Hathaway's legendary performance through DCA lens. The indicator demonstrates how quality companies compound wealth over decades. Lower volatility than tech stocks = standard CAGR calculations used.
High-Volatility Growth Stocks:
NASDAQ:NVDA (NVIDIA Corporation) - Demonstrates volatility-adjusted calculations for extreme price swings
High-volatility example: NVIDIA's explosive AI boom creates extreme years that trigger volatility detection. The indicator automatically switches to "Median (High Vol): 50%" calculations for conservative projections, protecting against unrealistic future estimates based on outlier performance periods.
NASDAQ:TSLA (Tesla) - Shows how 10-year analysis can stabilize volatile tech stocks
Stable long-term growth: Despite Tesla's reputation for volatility, the 10-year historical analysis (34.8% CAGR) shows consistent enough performance that volatility detection doesn't trigger. Demonstrates how longer timeframes can smooth out extreme periods for more reliable projections.
NASDAQ:META (Meta Platforms) - Shows stable tech stock analysis using standard CAGR calculations
Tech stock with stable growth: Despite being a tech stock and experiencing the 2022 crash, META's 10-year history shows consistent enough performance (23.98% CAGR) that volatility detection doesn't trigger. The indicator uses standard CAGR calculations, demonstrating how not all tech stocks require conservative median adjustments.
Notice how the indicator automatically detects high-volatility periods and switches to median-based calculations for more conservative projections, while stable investments use standard CAGR methods.
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📈 Performance Metrics Explained
Current Portfolio Value: Your actual investment worth today
Expected Value: What you should have based on historical returns (Auto) or your target return (Manual)
Total Invested: Your actual money invested (initial + all monthly contributions)
Total Gains/Loss: Absolute dollar difference between current value and total invested
Total Return %: Percentage gain/loss on your total invested amount
ROI from Initial Investment: How your starting lump sum has performed
CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate of your initial investment (Note: This shows initial investment performance, not full DCA strategy)
vs Benchmark: How you're performing compared to the expected returns
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⚠️ Important Notes & Limitations
Data Requirements: Auto mode requires sufficient historical data (minimum 3 years recommended)
CAGR Limitation: CAGR calculation is based on initial investment growth only, not the complete DCA strategy
Projection Accuracy: Future projections are theoretical and based on historical returns - actual results may vary
Timeframe Support: Works ONLY on Daily (1D), Weekly (1W), and Monthly (1M) charts - no other timeframes supported
Update Frequency: Update "Current Portfolio Value" regularly for accurate tracking
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📚 Educational Use & Disclaimer
This analysis tool can be applied to various stock and ETF charts for educational study of DCA mathematical concepts and historical performance patterns.
Study Examples: Can be used with symbols like AMEX:SPY , NASDAQ:QQQ , AMEX:VTI , NASDAQ:AAPL , NASDAQ:MSFT , NASDAQ:GOOGL , NASDAQ:AMZN , NASDAQ:TSLA , NASDAQ:NVDA for learning purposes.
EDUCATIONAL DISCLAIMER: This indicator is a study tool for analyzing Dollar-Cost Averaging strategies. It does not provide investment advice, trading signals, or guarantees. All calculations are theoretical examples for educational purposes only. Past performance does not predict future results. Users should conduct their own research and consult qualified financial professionals before making any investment decisions.
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© 2025 TradeVizion. All rights reserved.
Risk-Adjusted Momentum Oscillator# Risk-Adjusted Momentum Oscillator (RAMO): Momentum Analysis with Integrated Risk Assessment
## 1. Introduction
Momentum indicators have been fundamental tools in technical analysis since the pioneering work of Wilder (1978) and continue to play crucial roles in systematic trading strategies (Jegadeesh & Titman, 1993). However, traditional momentum oscillators suffer from a critical limitation: they fail to account for the risk context in which momentum signals occur. This oversight can lead to significant drawdowns during periods of market stress, as documented extensively in the behavioral finance literature (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979; Shefrin & Statman, 1985).
The Risk-Adjusted Momentum Oscillator addresses this gap by incorporating real-time drawdown metrics into momentum calculations, creating a self-regulating system that automatically adjusts signal sensitivity based on current risk conditions. This approach aligns with modern portfolio theory's emphasis on risk-adjusted returns (Markowitz, 1952) and reflects the sophisticated risk management practices employed by institutional investors (Ang, 2014).
## 2. Theoretical Foundation
### 2.1 Momentum Theory and Market Anomalies
The momentum effect, first systematically documented by Jegadeesh & Titman (1993), represents one of the most robust anomalies in financial markets. Subsequent research has confirmed momentum's persistence across various asset classes, time horizons, and geographic markets (Fama & French, 1996; Asness, Moskowitz & Pedersen, 2013). However, momentum strategies are characterized by significant time-varying risk, with particularly severe drawdowns during market reversals (Barroso & Santa-Clara, 2015).
### 2.2 Drawdown Analysis and Risk Management
Maximum drawdown, defined as the peak-to-trough decline in portfolio value, serves as a critical risk metric in professional portfolio management (Calmar, 1991). Research by Chekhlov, Uryasev & Zabarankin (2005) demonstrates that drawdown-based risk measures provide superior downside protection compared to traditional volatility metrics. The integration of drawdown analysis into momentum calculations represents a natural evolution toward more sophisticated risk-aware indicators.
### 2.3 Adaptive Smoothing and Market Regimes
The concept of adaptive smoothing in technical analysis draws from the broader literature on regime-switching models in finance (Hamilton, 1989). Perry Kaufman's Adaptive Moving Average (1995) pioneered the application of efficiency ratios to adjust indicator responsiveness based on market conditions. RAMO extends this concept by incorporating volatility-based adaptive smoothing, allowing the indicator to respond more quickly during high-volatility periods while maintaining stability during quiet markets.
## 3. Methodology
### 3.1 Core Algorithm Design
The RAMO algorithm consists of several interconnected components:
#### 3.1.1 Risk-Adjusted Momentum Calculation
The fundamental innovation of RAMO lies in its risk adjustment mechanism:
Risk_Factor = 1 - (Current_Drawdown / Maximum_Drawdown × Scaling_Factor)
Risk_Adjusted_Momentum = Raw_Momentum × max(Risk_Factor, 0.05)
This formulation ensures that momentum signals are dampened during periods of high drawdown relative to historical maximums, implementing an automatic risk management overlay as advocated by modern portfolio theory (Markowitz, 1952).
#### 3.1.2 Multi-Algorithm Momentum Framework
RAMO supports three distinct momentum calculation methods:
1. Rate of Change: Traditional percentage-based momentum (Pring, 2002)
2. Price Momentum: Absolute price differences
3. Log Returns: Logarithmic returns preferred for volatile assets (Campbell, Lo & MacKinlay, 1997)
This multi-algorithm approach accommodates different asset characteristics and volatility profiles, addressing the heterogeneity documented in cross-sectional momentum studies (Asness et al., 2013).
### 3.2 Leading Indicator Components
#### 3.2.1 Momentum Acceleration Analysis
The momentum acceleration component calculates the second derivative of momentum, providing early signals of trend changes:
Momentum_Acceleration = EMA(Momentum_t - Momentum_{t-n}, n)
This approach draws from the physics concept of acceleration and has been applied successfully in financial time series analysis (Treadway, 1969).
#### 3.2.2 Linear Regression Prediction
RAMO incorporates linear regression-based prediction to project momentum values forward:
Predicted_Momentum = LinReg_Value + (LinReg_Slope × Forward_Offset)
This predictive component aligns with the literature on technical analysis forecasting (Lo, Mamaysky & Wang, 2000) and provides leading signals for trend changes.
#### 3.2.3 Volume-Based Exhaustion Detection
The exhaustion detection algorithm identifies potential reversal points by analyzing the relationship between momentum extremes and volume patterns:
Exhaustion = |Momentum| > Threshold AND Volume < SMA(Volume, 20)
This approach reflects the established principle that sustainable price movements require volume confirmation (Granville, 1963; Arms, 1989).
### 3.3 Statistical Normalization and Robustness
RAMO employs Z-score normalization with outlier protection to ensure statistical robustness:
Z_Score = (Value - Mean) / Standard_Deviation
Normalized_Value = max(-3.5, min(3.5, Z_Score))
This normalization approach follows best practices in quantitative finance for handling extreme observations (Taleb, 2007) and ensures consistent signal interpretation across different market conditions.
### 3.4 Adaptive Threshold Calculation
Dynamic thresholds are calculated using Bollinger Band methodology (Bollinger, 1992):
Upper_Threshold = Mean + (Multiplier × Standard_Deviation)
Lower_Threshold = Mean - (Multiplier × Standard_Deviation)
This adaptive approach ensures that signal thresholds adjust to changing market volatility, addressing the critique of fixed thresholds in technical analysis (Taylor & Allen, 1992).
## 4. Implementation Details
### 4.1 Adaptive Smoothing Algorithm
The adaptive smoothing mechanism adjusts the exponential moving average alpha parameter based on market volatility:
Volatility_Percentile = Percentrank(Volatility, 100)
Adaptive_Alpha = Min_Alpha + ((Max_Alpha - Min_Alpha) × Volatility_Percentile / 100)
This approach ensures faster response during volatile periods while maintaining smoothness during stable conditions, implementing the adaptive efficiency concept pioneered by Kaufman (1995).
### 4.2 Risk Environment Classification
RAMO classifies market conditions into three risk environments:
- Low Risk: Current_DD < 30% × Max_DD
- Medium Risk: 30% × Max_DD ≤ Current_DD < 70% × Max_DD
- High Risk: Current_DD ≥ 70% × Max_DD
This classification system enables conditional signal generation, with long signals filtered during high-risk periods—a approach consistent with institutional risk management practices (Ang, 2014).
## 5. Signal Generation and Interpretation
### 5.1 Entry Signal Logic
RAMO generates enhanced entry signals through multiple confirmation layers:
1. Primary Signal: Crossover between indicator and signal line
2. Risk Filter: Confirmation of favorable risk environment for long positions
3. Leading Component: Early warning signals via acceleration analysis
4. Exhaustion Filter: Volume-based reversal detection
This multi-layered approach addresses the false signal problem common in traditional technical indicators (Brock, Lakonishok & LeBaron, 1992).
### 5.2 Divergence Analysis
RAMO incorporates both traditional and leading divergence detection:
- Traditional Divergence: Price and indicator divergence over 3-5 periods
- Slope Divergence: Momentum slope versus price direction
- Acceleration Divergence: Changes in momentum acceleration
This comprehensive divergence analysis framework draws from Elliott Wave theory (Prechter & Frost, 1978) and momentum divergence literature (Murphy, 1999).
## 6. Empirical Advantages and Applications
### 6.1 Risk-Adjusted Performance
The risk adjustment mechanism addresses the fundamental criticism of momentum strategies: their tendency to experience severe drawdowns during market reversals (Daniel & Moskowitz, 2016). By automatically reducing position sizing during high-drawdown periods, RAMO implements a form of dynamic hedging consistent with portfolio insurance concepts (Leland, 1980).
### 6.2 Regime Awareness
RAMO's adaptive components enable regime-aware signal generation, addressing the regime-switching behavior documented in financial markets (Hamilton, 1989; Guidolin, 2011). The indicator automatically adjusts its parameters based on market volatility and risk conditions, providing more reliable signals across different market environments.
### 6.3 Institutional Applications
The sophisticated risk management overlay makes RAMO particularly suitable for institutional applications where drawdown control is paramount. The indicator's design philosophy aligns with the risk budgeting approaches used by hedge funds and institutional investors (Roncalli, 2013).
## 7. Limitations and Future Research
### 7.1 Parameter Sensitivity
Like all technical indicators, RAMO's performance depends on parameter selection. While default parameters are optimized for broad market applications, asset-specific calibration may enhance performance. Future research should examine optimal parameter selection across different asset classes and market conditions.
### 7.2 Market Microstructure Considerations
RAMO's effectiveness may vary across different market microstructure environments. High-frequency trading and algorithmic market making have fundamentally altered market dynamics (Aldridge, 2013), potentially affecting momentum indicator performance.
### 7.3 Transaction Cost Integration
Future enhancements could incorporate transaction cost analysis to provide net-return-based signals, addressing the implementation shortfall documented in practical momentum strategy applications (Korajczyk & Sadka, 2004).
## References
Aldridge, I. (2013). *High-Frequency Trading: A Practical Guide to Algorithmic Strategies and Trading Systems*. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Ang, A. (2014). *Asset Management: A Systematic Approach to Factor Investing*. New York: Oxford University Press.
Arms, R. W. (1989). *The Arms Index (TRIN): An Introduction to the Volume Analysis of Stock and Bond Markets*. Homewood, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin.
Asness, C. S., Moskowitz, T. J., & Pedersen, L. H. (2013). Value and momentum everywhere. *Journal of Finance*, 68(3), 929-985.
Barroso, P., & Santa-Clara, P. (2015). Momentum has its moments. *Journal of Financial Economics*, 116(1), 111-120.
Bollinger, J. (1992). *Bollinger on Bollinger Bands*. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Brock, W., Lakonishok, J., & LeBaron, B. (1992). Simple technical trading rules and the stochastic properties of stock returns. *Journal of Finance*, 47(5), 1731-1764.
Calmar, T. (1991). The Calmar ratio: A smoother tool. *Futures*, 20(1), 40.
Campbell, J. Y., Lo, A. W., & MacKinlay, A. C. (1997). *The Econometrics of Financial Markets*. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Chekhlov, A., Uryasev, S., & Zabarankin, M. (2005). Drawdown measure in portfolio optimization. *International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance*, 8(1), 13-58.
Daniel, K., & Moskowitz, T. J. (2016). Momentum crashes. *Journal of Financial Economics*, 122(2), 221-247.
Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1996). Multifactor explanations of asset pricing anomalies. *Journal of Finance*, 51(1), 55-84.
Granville, J. E. (1963). *Granville's New Key to Stock Market Profits*. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Guidolin, M. (2011). Markov switching models in empirical finance. In D. N. Drukker (Ed.), *Missing Data Methods: Time-Series Methods and Applications* (pp. 1-86). Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing.
Hamilton, J. D. (1989). A new approach to the economic analysis of nonstationary time series and the business cycle. *Econometrica*, 57(2), 357-384.
Jegadeesh, N., & Titman, S. (1993). Returns to buying winners and selling losers: Implications for stock market efficiency. *Journal of Finance*, 48(1), 65-91.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. *Econometrica*, 47(2), 263-291.
Kaufman, P. J. (1995). *Smarter Trading: Improving Performance in Changing Markets*. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Korajczyk, R. A., & Sadka, R. (2004). Are momentum profits robust to trading costs? *Journal of Finance*, 59(3), 1039-1082.
Leland, H. E. (1980). Who should buy portfolio insurance? *Journal of Finance*, 35(2), 581-594.
Lo, A. W., Mamaysky, H., & Wang, J. (2000). Foundations of technical analysis: Computational algorithms, statistical inference, and empirical implementation. *Journal of Finance*, 55(4), 1705-1765.
Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. *Journal of Finance*, 7(1), 77-91.
Murphy, J. J. (1999). *Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets: A Comprehensive Guide to Trading Methods and Applications*. New York: New York Institute of Finance.
Prechter, R. R., & Frost, A. J. (1978). *Elliott Wave Principle: Key to Market Behavior*. Gainesville, GA: New Classics Library.
Pring, M. J. (2002). *Technical Analysis Explained: The Successful Investor's Guide to Spotting Investment Trends and Turning Points*. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Roncalli, T. (2013). *Introduction to Risk Parity and Budgeting*. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Shefrin, H., & Statman, M. (1985). The disposition to sell winners too early and ride losers too long: Theory and evidence. *Journal of Finance*, 40(3), 777-790.
Taleb, N. N. (2007). *The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable*. New York: Random House.
Taylor, M. P., & Allen, H. (1992). The use of technical analysis in the foreign exchange market. *Journal of International Money and Finance*, 11(3), 304-314.
Treadway, A. B. (1969). On rational entrepreneurial behavior and the demand for investment. *Review of Economic Studies*, 36(2), 227-239.
Wilder, J. W. (1978). *New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems*. Greensboro, NC: Trend Research.
Money Risk Management with Trade Tracking
Overview
The Money Risk Management with Trade Tracking indicator is a powerful tool designed for traders on TradingView to simplify trade simulation and risk management. Unlike the TradingView Strategy Tester, which can be complex for beginners, this indicator provides an intuitive, beginner-friendly interface to evaluate trading strategies in a realistic manner, mirroring real-world trading conditions.
Built on the foundation of open-source contributions from LuxAlgo and TCP, this indicator integrates external indicator signals, overlays take-profit (TP) and stop-loss (SL) levels, and provides detailed money management analytics. It empowers traders to visualize potential profits, losses, and risk-reward ratios, making it easier to understand the financial outcomes of their strategies.
Key Features
Signal Integration: Seamlessly integrates with external long and short signals from other indicators, allowing traders to overlay TP/SL levels based on their preferred strategies.
Realistic Trade Simulation: Simulates trades as they would occur in real-world scenarios, accounting for initial capital, risk percentage, leverage, and compounding effects.
Money Management Dashboard: Displays critical metrics such as current capital, unrealized P&L, risk amount, potential profit, risk-reward ratio, and trade status in a customizable, beginner-friendly table.
TP/SL Visualization: Plots TP and SL levels on the chart with customizable styles (solid, dashed, dotted) and colors, along with optional labels for clarity.
Performance Tracking: Tracks total trades, win/loss counts, win rate, and profit factor, providing a clear overview of strategy performance.
Liquidation Risk Alerts: Warns traders if stop-loss levels risk liquidation based on leverage settings, enhancing risk awareness.
Benefits for Traders
Beginner-Friendly: Simplifies the complexities of the TradingView Strategy Tester, offering an intuitive interface for new traders to simulate and evaluate trades without confusion.
Real-World Insights: Helps traders understand the actual profit or loss potential of their strategies by factoring in capital, risk, and leverage, bridging the gap between theoretical backtesting and real-world execution.
Enhanced Decision-Making: Provides clear, real-time analytics on risk-reward ratios, unrealized P&L, and trade performance, enabling informed trading decisions.
Customizable and Flexible: Allows customization of TP/SL settings, table positions, colors, and sizes, catering to individual trader preferences.
Risk Management Focus: Encourages disciplined trading by highlighting risk amounts, potential profits, and liquidation risks, fostering better financial planning.
Why This Indicator Stands Out
Many traders struggle to translate backtested strategy results into real-world outcomes due to the abstract nature of percentage-based profitability metrics. This indicator addresses that challenge by providing a practical, user-friendly tool that simulates trades with real-world parameters like capital, leverage, and compounding. Its open-source nature ensures accessibility, while its integration with other indicators makes it versatile for various trading styles.
How to Use
Add to TradingView: Copy the Pine Script code into TradingView’s Pine Editor and add it to your chart.
Configure Inputs: Set your initial capital, risk percentage, leverage, and TP/SL values in the indicator settings. Select external long/short signal sources if integrating with other indicators.
Monitor Dashboards: Use the Money Management and Target Dashboard tables to track trade performance and risk metrics in real time.
Analyze Results: Review win rates, profit factors, and P&L to refine your trading strategy.
Credits
This indicator builds upon the open-source contributions of LuxAlgo and TCP , whose efforts in sharing their code have made this tool possible. Their dedication to the trading community is deeply appreciated.
PLR-Z For Loop🧠 Overview
PLR-Z For Loop is a trend-following indicator built on the Power Law Residual Z-score model of Bitcoin price behavior. By measuring how far price deviates from a long-term power law regression and applying a custom scoring loop, this tool identifies consistent directional pressure in market structure. Designed for BTC, this indicator helps traders align with macro trends.
🧩 Key Features
Power Law Residual Model: Tracks deviations of BTC price from its long-term logarithmic growth curve.
Z-Score Normalization: Applies long-horizon statistical normalization (400/1460 bars) to smooth residual deviations into a usable trend signal.
Loop-Based Trend Filter: Iteratively scores how often the current Z-score exceeds prior values, emphasizing trend persistence over volatility.
Optional Smoothing: Toggleable exponential smoothing helps filter noise in choppier market conditions.
Directional Regime Coloring: Aqua (bullish) and Red (bearish) visuals reinforce trend alignment across plots and candles.
🔍 How It Works
Power Law Curve: Price is compared against a logarithmic regression model fitted to historical BTC price evolution (starting July 2010), defining structural support, resistance, and centerline levels.
Residual Z-Score: The residual is calculated as the log-difference between price and the power law center.
This residual is then normalized using a rolling mean (400 days) and standard deviation (1460 days) to create a long-term Z-score.
Loop Scoring Logic:
A loop compares the current Z-score to a configurable number of past bars.
Each higher comparison adds +1, and each lower one subtracts -1.
The result is a trend persistence score (z_loop) that grows with consistent directional momentum.
Smoothing Option: A user-defined EMA smooths the score, if enabled, to reduce short-term signal noise.
Signal Logic:
Long signal when trend score exceeds long_threshold.
Short signal when score drops below short_threshold.
Directional State (CD): Internally manages the current market regime (1 = long, -1 = short), controlling all visual output.
🔁 Use Cases & Applications
Macro Trend Alignment: Ideal for traders and analysts tracking Bitcoin’s structural momentum over long timeframes.
Trend Persistence Filter: Helps confirm whether the current move is part of a sustained trend or short-lived volatility.
Best Suited for BTC: Built specifically on the BNC BLX price history and Bitcoin’s power law behavior. Not designed for use with other assets.
✅ Conclusion
PLR-Z For Loop reframes Bitcoin’s long-term power law model into a trend-following tool by scoring the persistence of deviations above or below fair value. It shifts the focus from valuation-based mean reversion to directional momentum, making it a valuable signal for traders seeking high-conviction participation in BTC’s broader market cycles.
⚠️ Disclaimer
The content provided by this indicator is for educational and informational purposes only. Nothing herein constitutes financial or investment advice. Trading and investing involve risk, including the potential loss of capital. Always backtest and apply risk management suited to your strategy.
Advanced Petroleum Market Model (APMM)Advanced Petroleum Market Model (APMM): A Multi-Factor Fundamental Analysis Framework for Oil Market Assessment
## 1. Introduction
The petroleum market represents one of the most complex and globally significant commodity markets, characterized by intricate supply-demand dynamics, geopolitical influences, and substantial price volatility (Hamilton, 2009). Traditional fundamental analysis approaches often struggle to synthesize the multitude of relevant indicators into actionable insights due to data heterogeneity, temporal misalignment, and subjective weighting schemes (Baumeister & Kilian, 2016).
The Advanced Petroleum Market Model addresses these limitations through a systematic, quantitative approach that integrates 16 verified fundamental indicators across five critical market dimensions. The model builds upon established financial engineering principles while incorporating petroleum-specific market dynamics and adaptive learning mechanisms.
## 2. Theoretical Framework
### 2.1 Market Efficiency and Information Integration
The model operates under the assumption of semi-strong market efficiency, where fundamental information is gradually incorporated into prices with varying degrees of lag (Fama, 1970). The petroleum market's unique characteristics, including storage costs, transportation constraints, and geopolitical risk premiums, create opportunities for fundamental analysis to provide predictive value (Kilian, 2009).
### 2.2 Multi-Factor Asset Pricing Theory
Drawing from Ross's (1976) Arbitrage Pricing Theory, the model treats petroleum prices as driven by multiple systematic risk factors. The five-factor decomposition (Supply, Inventory, Demand, Trade, Sentiment) represents economically meaningful sources of systematic risk in petroleum markets (Chen et al., 1986).
## 3. Methodology
### 3.1 Data Sources and Quality Framework
The model integrates 16 fundamental indicators sourced from verified TradingView economic data feeds:
Supply Indicators:
- US Oil Production (ECONOMICS:USCOP)
- US Oil Rigs Count (ECONOMICS:USCOR)
- API Crude Runs (ECONOMICS:USACR)
Inventory Indicators:
- US Crude Stock Changes (ECONOMICS:USCOSC)
- Cushing Stocks (ECONOMICS:USCCOS)
- API Crude Stocks (ECONOMICS:USCSC)
- API Gasoline Stocks (ECONOMICS:USGS)
- API Distillate Stocks (ECONOMICS:USDS)
Demand Indicators:
- Refinery Crude Runs (ECONOMICS:USRCR)
- Gasoline Production (ECONOMICS:USGPRO)
- Distillate Production (ECONOMICS:USDFP)
- Industrial Production Index (FRED:INDPRO)
Trade Indicators:
- US Crude Imports (ECONOMICS:USCOI)
- US Oil Exports (ECONOMICS:USOE)
- API Crude Imports (ECONOMICS:USCI)
- Dollar Index (TVC:DXY)
Sentiment Indicators:
- Oil Volatility Index (CBOE:OVX)
### 3.2 Data Quality Monitoring System
Following best practices in quantitative finance (Lopez de Prado, 2018), the model implements comprehensive data quality monitoring:
Data Quality Score = Σ(Individual Indicator Validity) / Total Indicators
Where validity is determined by:
- Non-null data availability
- Positive value validation
- Temporal consistency checks
### 3.3 Statistical Normalization Framework
#### 3.3.1 Z-Score Normalization
The model employs robust Z-score normalization as established by Sharpe (1994) for cross-indicator comparability:
Z_i,t = (X_i,t - μ_i) / σ_i
Where:
- X_i,t = Raw value of indicator i at time t
- μ_i = Sample mean of indicator i
- σ_i = Sample standard deviation of indicator i
Z-scores are capped at ±3 to mitigate outlier influence (Tukey, 1977).
#### 3.3.2 Percentile Rank Transformation
For intuitive interpretation, Z-scores are converted to percentile ranks following the methodology of Conover (1999):
Percentile_Rank = (Number of values < current_value) / Total_observations × 100
### 3.4 Exponential Smoothing Framework
Signal smoothing employs exponential weighted moving averages (Brown, 1963) with adaptive alpha parameter:
S_t = α × X_t + (1-α) × S_{t-1}
Where α = 2/(N+1) and N represents the smoothing period.
### 3.5 Dynamic Threshold Optimization
The model implements adaptive thresholds using Bollinger Band methodology (Bollinger, 1992):
Dynamic_Threshold = μ ± (k × σ)
Where k is the threshold multiplier adjusted for market volatility regime.
### 3.6 Composite Score Calculation
The fundamental score integrates component scores through weighted averaging:
Fundamental_Score = Σ(w_i × Score_i × Quality_i)
Where:
- w_i = Normalized component weight
- Score_i = Component fundamental score
- Quality_i = Data quality adjustment factor
## 4. Implementation Architecture
### 4.1 Adaptive Parameter Framework
The model incorporates regime-specific adjustments based on market volatility:
Volatility_Regime = σ_price / μ_price × 100
High volatility regimes (>25%) trigger enhanced weighting for inventory and sentiment components, reflecting increased market sensitivity to supply disruptions and psychological factors.
### 4.2 Data Synchronization Protocol
Given varying publication frequencies (daily, weekly, monthly), the model employs forward-fill synchronization to maintain temporal alignment across all indicators.
### 4.3 Quality-Adjusted Scoring
Component scores are adjusted for data quality to prevent degraded inputs from contaminating the composite signal:
Adjusted_Score = Raw_Score × Quality_Factor + 50 × (1 - Quality_Factor)
This formulation ensures that poor-quality data reverts toward neutral (50) rather than contributing noise.
## 5. Usage Guidelines and Best Practices
### 5.1 Configuration Recommendations
For Short-term Analysis (1-4 weeks):
- Lookback Period: 26 weeks
- Smoothing Length: 3-5 periods
- Confidence Period: 13 weeks
- Increase inventory and sentiment weights
For Medium-term Analysis (1-3 months):
- Lookback Period: 52 weeks
- Smoothing Length: 5-8 periods
- Confidence Period: 26 weeks
- Balanced component weights
For Long-term Analysis (3+ months):
- Lookback Period: 104 weeks
- Smoothing Length: 8-12 periods
- Confidence Period: 52 weeks
- Increase supply and demand weights
### 5.2 Signal Interpretation Framework
Bullish Signals (Score > 70):
- Fundamental conditions favor price appreciation
- Consider long positions or reduced short exposure
- Monitor for trend confirmation across multiple timeframes
Bearish Signals (Score < 30):
- Fundamental conditions suggest price weakness
- Consider short positions or reduced long exposure
- Evaluate downside protection strategies
Neutral Range (30-70):
- Mixed fundamental environment
- Favor range-bound or volatility strategies
- Wait for clearer directional signals
### 5.3 Risk Management Considerations
1. Data Quality Monitoring: Continuously monitor the data quality dashboard. Scores below 75% warrant increased caution.
2. Regime Awareness: Adjust position sizing based on volatility regime indicators. High volatility periods require reduced exposure.
3. Correlation Analysis: Monitor correlation with crude oil prices to validate model effectiveness.
4. Fundamental-Technical Divergence: Pay attention when fundamental signals diverge from technical indicators, as this may signal regime changes.
### 5.4 Alert System Optimization
Configure alerts conservatively to avoid false signals:
- Set alert threshold at 75+ for high-confidence signals
- Enable data quality warnings to maintain system integrity
- Use trend reversal alerts for early regime change detection
## 6. Model Validation and Performance Metrics
### 6.1 Statistical Validation
The model's statistical robustness is ensured through:
- Out-of-sample testing protocols
- Rolling window validation
- Bootstrap confidence intervals
- Regime-specific performance analysis
### 6.2 Economic Validation
Fundamental accuracy is validated against:
- Energy Information Administration (EIA) official reports
- International Energy Agency (IEA) market assessments
- Commercial inventory data verification
## 7. Limitations and Considerations
### 7.1 Model Limitations
1. Data Dependency: Model performance is contingent on data availability and quality from external sources.
2. US Market Focus: Primary data sources are US-centric, potentially limiting global applicability.
3. Lag Effects: Some fundamental indicators exhibit publication lags that may delay signal generation.
4. Regime Shifts: Structural market changes may require model recalibration.
### 7.2 Market Environment Considerations
The model is optimized for normal market conditions. During extreme events (e.g., geopolitical crises, pandemics), additional qualitative factors should be considered alongside quantitative signals.
## References
Baumeister, C., & Kilian, L. (2016). Forty years of oil price fluctuations: Why the price of oil may still surprise us. *Journal of Economic Perspectives*, 30(1), 139-160.
Bollinger, J. (1992). *Bollinger on Bollinger Bands*. McGraw-Hill.
Brown, R. G. (1963). *Smoothing, Forecasting and Prediction of Discrete Time Series*. Prentice-Hall.
Chen, N. F., Roll, R., & Ross, S. A. (1986). Economic forces and the stock market. *Journal of Business*, 59(3), 383-403.
Conover, W. J. (1999). *Practical Nonparametric Statistics* (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work. *Journal of Finance*, 25(2), 383-417.
Hamilton, J. D. (2009). Understanding crude oil prices. *Energy Journal*, 30(2), 179-206.
Kilian, L. (2009). Not all oil price shocks are alike: Disentangling demand and supply shocks in the crude oil market. *American Economic Review*, 99(3), 1053-1069.
Lopez de Prado, M. (2018). *Advances in Financial Machine Learning*. John Wiley & Sons.
Ross, S. A. (1976). The arbitrage theory of capital asset pricing. *Journal of Economic Theory*, 13(3), 341-360.
Sharpe, W. F. (1994). The Sharpe ratio. *Journal of Portfolio Management*, 21(1), 49-58.
Tukey, J. W. (1977). *Exploratory Data Analysis*. Addison-Wesley.
[Top] Simple Position + SL CalculatorThis indicator is a user-friendly tool designed to help traders easily calculate optimal position sizing, determine suitable stop-loss levels, and quantify maximum potential losses in dollar terms based on their personalized trading parameters.
Key Features:
Position Size Calculation: Automatically computes the number of shares to purchase based on the trader’s total account size and specified percentage of the account allocated per trade.
Stop-Loss Level: Suggests an appropriate stop-loss price point calculated based on the trader’s defined risk percentage per trade.
Max Loss Visualization: Clearly displays the maximum potential loss (in dollars) should the stop-loss be triggered.
Customizable Interface: Provides the flexibility to place the calculation table in different chart positions (Top Left, Top Right, Bottom Left, Bottom Right) according to user preference.
How to Use:
Enter your total Account Size.
Set the desired Position Size as a percentage of your account. (Typically, 1%–5% per trade is recommended for cash accounts.)
Define the Risk per Trade percentage (commonly between 0.05%–0.5%).
Choose your preferred Table Position to comfortably integrate with your trading chart.
Note:
If you identify a technical support level below the suggested stop-loss point, consider reducing your position size to manage the increased risk effectively.
Keep in mind that the calculations provided by this indicator are based solely on standard industry best practices and the specific inputs entered by you. They do not account for market volatility, news events, or any other factors outside the provided parameters. Always complement this indicator with sound technical and fundamental analysis.
LB | SB | OH | OL (Auto Futures OI)This indicator is for trading purposes, particularly in futures markets given the inclusion of open interest (OI) data.
Indicator Name and Overlay: The indicator is named "LB | SB | OH | OL" and is set to overlay on the price chart (overlay=true).
Override Symbol Input: Users can input a symbol to override the default symbol for analysis.
Open Interest Data Retrieval: It retrieves open interest data for the specified symbol and time frame. If no data is found, it generates a runtime error.
Dashboard Configuration: Users can choose to display a dashboard either at the top right, bottom right, or bottom left of the chart.
Calculations:
It calculates the percentage change in open interest (oi_change).
It calculates the percentage change in price compared to the previous day's close (price_change).
Build Up Conditions:
Long Build Up: When there's a significant increase in open interest (OIChange threshold) and price rises (PriceChange threshold).
Short Build Up: When there's a significant increase in open interest (OIChange threshold) and price falls (PriceChange threshold).
Display Table:
It creates a table on the chart showing the build-up conditions, open interest change percentage, and price change percentage.
Labeling:
It allows for the labeling of buy and sell conditions based on price movements.
Overall, this indicator provides a visual representation of open interest and price movements, helping traders identify potential trading opportunities based on build-up conditions and price behavior.
The "LB | SB | OH | OL" indicator is a tool designed to assist traders in analyzing price movements and open interest (OI) changes in FNO markets. This indicator combines various elements to provide insights into long build-up (LB), short build-up (SB), open-high (OH), and open-low (OL) scenarios.
Key features of the indicator include:
Override Symbol Input: Traders can override the default symbol and input their preferred symbol for analysis.
Open Interest Data: The indicator retrieves open interest data for the selected symbol and time frame, facilitating analysis based on changes in open interest.
Dashboard: The indicator features a customizable dashboard that displays key information such as build-up conditions, OI change, and price change.
Build-Up Conditions: The indicator identifies long build-up and short build-up scenarios based on user-defined thresholds for OI change and price change percentages.
Customization Options: Traders have the flexibility to customize various aspects of the indicator, including colors for long build-up, short build-up, positive OI change, negative OI change, positive price change, and negative price change.
Label Plots: Buy and sell labels are plotted on the chart to highlight potential trading opportunities. Traders can customize the colors and text colors of these labels based on their preferences.
Overall, the "LB | SB | OH | OL" indicator offers traders a comprehensive tool for analyzing price movements and open interest changes, helping them make informed trading decisions in the FNO markets.
ATR | LOTSIZE | Risk (Futures)This Pine Script is a futures-specific trading utility designed to help F\&O (Futures and Options) traders quickly assess the volatility and position sizing for any selected stock on the chart — even if it's not a futures chart.
What the Script Does:
* Automatically detects the futures symbol for the underlying equity using a dynamic mapping system.
* Calculates the ATR (Average True Range) of the futures contract using either SMA or EMA.
* Fetches the Lot Size (Point Value) of the futures instrument.
* Computes risk per lot by multiplying ATR with lot size (Risk = ATR × Lot Size).
* Displays all 3 values — ATR, Lot Size, and Risk in INR — in a compact table on the chart.
Why This Is Useful for F\&O Traders:
* ✅ Quick Risk Assessment: Helps traders understand how much is at risk per lot without switching to the actual futures chart.
* ✅ Position Sizing: Provides data to calculate how many lots to trade based on a defined risk per trade.
* ✅ Volatility Awareness:ATR gives insights into how much the stock typically moves, guiding stop-loss and target placements.
* ✅ Efficient Workflow:No need to load separate futures charts or lookup lot sizes manually — saves time and reduces error.
This tool is ideal for discretionary and systematic traders who want risk and volatility context for every trade, especially in the NSE Futures & Options segment.
Random State Machine Strategy📌 Random State Machine Strategy (Educational)
This strategy showcases a randomized entry model driven by a finite state machine, integrated with user-defined exit controls and a full-featured moving average filter.
🧠 Trade Entry Logic
Entries occur only when:
A random trigger occurs (~5% probability per bar)
The state machine accepts a new transition (sm.step())
Price is:
Above the selected MA for long entries
Below the selected MA for short entries
This ensures that entries are both stochastically driven and trend-aligned, avoiding frequent or arbitrary trades.
⚙️ How It Works
Randomized Triggers
A pseudo-random generator (seeded with time and volume) attempts to trigger state transitions.
Finite State Machine
Transitions are managed using the StateMachine from robbatt/lib_statemachine — credit to @robbatt for the modular FSM design.
Controlled Reset
The state machine resets every N bars (default: 100) if at least two transitions have occurred. This prevents stale or locked states.
Backtest Range
Define a specific test window using Start and End Date inputs.
Risk & Exits
Specify risk in points and a target risk/reward ratio. TP is auto-computed. Timed and MA-based exits can be toggled.
🧪 How to Use
Enable Long or Short trades
Choose your Moving Average type and length
Set Risk per trade and R/R ratio
Toggle TP/SL, timed exit, or MA cross exit
Adjust the State Reset Interval to suit your signal frequency
📘 Notes
Educational use only — not financial advice
Random logic is used to model structure, not predict movement
Thanks to @robbatt for the lib_statemachine integration
Volume pressure by GSK-VIZAG-AP-INDIA🔍 Volume Pressure by GSK-VIZAG-AP-INDIA
🧠 Overview
“Volume Pressure” is a multi-timeframe, real-time table-based volume analysis tool designed to give traders a clear and immediate view of buying and selling pressure across custom-selected timeframes. By breaking down buy volume, sell volume, total volume, and their percentages, this indicator helps traders identify demand/supply imbalances and volume momentum in the market.
🎯 Purpose / Trading Use Case
This indicator is ideal for intraday and short-term traders who want to:
Spot aggressive buying or selling activity
Track volume dynamics across multiple timeframes *1 min time frame will give best results*
Use volume pressure as a confirming tool alongside price action or trend-based systems
It helps determine when large buying/selling activity is occurring and whether such behavior is consistent across timeframes—a strong signal of institutional interest or volume-driven trend shifts.
🧩 Key Features & Logic
Real-Time Table Display: A clean, dynamic table showing:
Buy Volume
Sell Volume
Total Volume
Buy % of total volume
Sell % of total volume
Multi-Time frame Analysis: Supports 8 user-selectable custom time frames from 1 to 240 minutes, giving flexibility to analyze volume pressure at various granularities.
Color-Coded Volume Bias:
Green for dominant Buy pressure
Red for dominant Sell pressure
Yellow for Neutral
Intensity-based blinking for extreme values (over 70%)
Dynamic Data Calculation:
Uses volume * (close > open) logic to estimate buy vs sell volumes bar-by-bar, then aggregates by timeframe.
⚙️ User Inputs & Settings
Timeframe Selectors (TF1 to TF8): Choose any 8 timeframes you want to monitor volume pressure across.
Text & Color Settings:
Customize text colors for Buy, Sell, Total volumes
Choose Buy/Sell bias colors
Enable/disable blinking for visual emphasis on extremes
Table Appearance:
Set header color, metric background, and text size
Table positioning: top-right, bottom-right, etc.
Blinking Highlight Toggle: Enable this to visually highlight when Buy/Sell % exceeds 70%—a sign of strong pressure.
📊 Visual Elements Explained
The table has 6 rows and 10 columns:
Row 0: Headers for Today and TF1 to TF8
Rows 1–3: Absolute values (Buy Vol, Sell Vol, Total Vol)
Rows 4–5: Relative percentages (Buy %, Sell %), with dynamic background color
First column shows the metric names (e.g., “Buy Vol”)
Cells blink using alternate background colors if volume pressure crosses thresholds
💡 How to Use It Effectively
Use Buy/Sell % rows to confirm potential breakout trades or identify volume exhaustion zones
Look for multi-timeframe confluence: If 5 or more TFs show >70% Buy pressure, buyers are in control
Combine with price action (e.g., breakouts, reversals) to increase conviction
Suitable for equities, indices, futures, crypto, especially on lower timeframes (1m to 15m)
🏆 What Makes It Unique
Table-based MTF Volume Pressure Display: Most indicators only show volume as bars or histograms; this script summarizes and color-codes volume bias across timeframes in a tabular format.
Customization-friendly: Full control over colors, themes, and timeframes
Blinking Alerts: Rare visual feature to capture user attention during extreme pressure
Designed with performance and readability in mind—even for fast-paced scalping environments.
🚨 Alerts / Extras
While this script doesn’t include TradingView alert functions directly, the visual blinking serves as a strong real-time alert mechanism.
Future versions may include built-in alert conditions for buy/sell bias thresholds.
🔬 Technical Concepts Used
Volume Dissection using close > open logic (to estimate buyer vs seller pressure)
Simple aggregation of volume over custom timeframes
Table plotting using Pine Script table.new, table.cell
Dynamic color logic for bias identification
Custom blinking logic using na(bar_index % 2 == 0 ? colorA : colorB)
⚠️ Disclaimer
This indicator is a tool for analysis, not financial advice. Always backtest and validate strategies before using any indicator for live trading. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Use at your own risk and apply proper risk management.
✍️ Author & Signature
Indicator Name: Volume Pressure
Author: GSK-VIZAG-AP-INDIA
TradingView Username: prowelltraders
Bullish Bearish Signal with EMA Color + LabelsThis script generates clear BUY and SELL signals based on a combination of trend direction, momentum, and confirmation from multiple indicators. It is intended to help traders identify strong bullish or bearish conditions using commonly trusted tools: EMA 200, MACD, and RSI.
🔍 How it works:
The strategy combines three key elements:
EMA 200 Trend Filter
Identifies the long-term trend:
Price above EMA200 → Bullish trend bias
Price below EMA200 → Bearish trend bias
The EMA line is color-coded:
🔵 Blue for bullish
🔴 Red for bearish
⚪ Gray for neutral/unclear
MACD Crossover
Detects shifts in market momentum:
Bullish: MACD line crosses above signal line
Bearish: MACD line crosses below signal line
RSI Confirmation
Adds an extra layer of confirmation:
Bullish: RSI is above its signal line
Bearish: RSI is below its signal line
✅ Signal Logic:
BUY Signal appears when:
Price > EMA200
MACD crosses up
RSI > its signal line
SELL Signal appears when:
Price < EMA200
MACD crosses down
RSI < its signal line
Labels will appear on the chart to highlight these events.
🔔 Alerts:
The script includes alerts for both Buy and Sell conditions, so you can be notified in real-time when they occur.
📈 How to Use:
Best used in trending markets.
Recommended for higher timeframes (1H and above).
May be combined with other tools such as support/resistance or candlestick analysis.
⚠️ Disclaimer: This script is intended for educational purposes only and does not constitute financial advice or a trading recommendation.
Multi-Indicator Trend-Following Strategy v6Multi-Indicator Trend-Following Strategy v6
This strategy uses a combination of technical indicators to identify potential trend-following trade entries and exits. It is intended for educational and research purposes.
How it works:
Moving Averages (EMA): Entry signals are generated on crossovers between a fast and slow exponential moving average.
RSI Filter: Confirms momentum with a threshold above/below 50 for long/short entries.
Volume Confirmation: Requires volume to exceed a moving average multiplied by a user-defined factor.
ATR-Based Risk Management: Stop loss and take profit levels are calculated using the Average True Range (ATR), allowing for dynamic risk control based on market volatility.
Customizable Inputs:
Fast/Slow MA lengths
RSI length and levels
MACD settings (used in calculation, not directly in signal)
Volume MA and multiplier
ATR period and multipliers for stop loss and take profit
Notes:
This strategy does not guarantee future results.
It is provided for analysis and backtesting only.
Alerts are available for buy/sell conditions.
Feel free to adjust parameters to explore different market conditions and asset classes.
Abusuhil Bullish Candles (Label + Table)Abusuhil Bullish Candles is a pattern recognition indicator designed to identify key bullish reversal candlestick formations including Hammer, Bullish Engulfing, Morning Star, Piercing Line, Three White Soldiers, and Three Inside Up.
The script includes optional filters such as Stochastic and Volume Confirmation, providing more precise signal detection.
Each pattern and filter is fully customizable via settings. Alerts are also included to support active trading workflows.
This script was written originally and does not copy open-source indicators. It's ideal for traders seeking visual clarity on bullish opportunities with professional-grade logic.
مؤشر الشموع الصعودية هو مؤشر احترافي يكتشف أبرز نماذج الانعكاس الصعودي في الشموع اليابانية مثل: Hammer، Bullish Engulfing، Morning Star، Piercing Line، Three White Soldiers، و Three Inside Up.
يوفر المؤشر فلاتر إضافية مثل فلتر Stochastic وفلتر الفوليوم لتعزيز دقة الإشارات. جميع الإعدادات قابلة للتعديل بما يتناسب مع احتياج كل متداول.
يحتوي المؤشر أيضًا على تنبيهات تلقائية لدعم استراتيجيات التداول اللحظي. تمت برمجة المؤشر من الصفر ويعتمد على منطق خاص غير منسوخ من سكربتات مفتوحة المصدر.
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🇸🇦 التحديثات – النسخة الجديدة (Abusuhil Bullish Candles)
✅ تم تغيير الملصقات بشكل أوضح: باستخدام دوائر ملونة أسفل الشموع بدلًا من المربعات لتفادي التراكب.
🟦 إضافة جدول تفاعلي على الشارت يعرض أسماء النماذج وألوانها المخصصة.
🎨 إمكانية تغيير ألوان كل نموذج من الإعدادات حسب رغبة المستخدم.
🧩 تفعيل/تعطيل كل نموذج على حدة من خلال إعدادات منفصلة.
🔔 إضافة تنبيه احترافي واحد يتم تفعيله عند تحقق أي نموذج نشط من النماذج المحددة.
📋 توافق كامل مع سياسة TradingView:
لا يحتوي على أكواد منسوخة أو مبنية على مؤشرات داخلية.
لا تكرار للوظائف أو العناوين.
وصف واضح مع تحكم كامل للمستخدم.
🇬🇧 Updates – Latest Version (Abusuhil Bullish Candles)
✅ Clearer Signal Labels: Now uses colored circles under candles instead of labels to avoid overlapping.
🟦 Interactive Table showing pattern names and user-defined colors.
🎨 Customizable colors for each candlestick pattern from the settings menu.
🧩 Toggle each pattern independently using dedicated checkboxes.
🔔 Single professional alert condition that triggers only when any enabled pattern is detected.
📋 Fully compliant with TradingView's publishing policy:
No reused or built-in indicator code.
No duplicated logic or misleading titles.
Clean and modular design with full user customization.
NoNoiseMA & SlopeHappy trade,
This is a noise-reduced moving average — let's call it the No-Noise MA. A MA where false breakout price action should have little to no impact, while the main trend remains fully represented. In comparison to previous MAs this one's trend appear more linear, and sideways price actions becomes easier to detect thanks to it's unique two filter stages.
In short, the No-Noise-MA (Noise-Reduced Moving Average) is calculated as the cumulative sum of the slopes derived from the center line of the last x pivot points. Let’s break it down step by step:
Pivot Detection:
A pivot algorithm (an adapted variant of the Bilson-Gann-Count method) identifies consecutive pivot points (high, low, high, low, etc.) in the close price series. Let's call this set of Pivots S.
Center Line Calculation:
Out of the set S the last x pivots are used to compute a center line (linear regression line). Always when a new pivot is confirmed, the oldest pivot in the queue is removed, and the new pivot is added.
Slope Extraction:
The center line is defined by its equation shown in the image below
Image 1
Cumulative Slope Sum:
As shown in the image 1 the slope is a series with values around zero. The No-Noise-MA is then just the cumulative sum of the slope series and a correction term. A correction term is needed otherwise the No-Noise-MA would run away over time from the original close price. The correction term is just the deviation between close price and cumulative slope sum multiply with a factor around 0.01 added to the No-Noise-MA.
Noise Reduction:
The goal of noise reduction is done by two filter stages. First Filter is the reduction of the input values. As shown above not all bars close prices are use, instead it uses just the pivot points delivered by the Bilson-Gann-Count method. Favorable the Bilson-Gann-Count method delivers the Pivot points in most cases much faster as other Pivot methods. Already after two bars a new Pivot is confirmed. This takes out all ups and downs between two consecutive Pivots. This first filter stage is legit because all price action in between is hedged by the Pivots.
The second filter stage is the done by the length of the center line. As more pivots are used to calculate the center line as smoother the slope becomes. Out liners just gets less impact if the base is bigger. So the number of involved Pivots has the same meaning as the lengths in any other MA.
Comparison with usual MAs:
For a comparison with other MAs this script also calculate the average lengths of the center line, shown in the upper right chart. So choose for example SMA and set the length parameter to the average length of the center line. As shown in the following image 2.
Image 2
This way both MAs have the same data base and can be objectively compared.
Trend detection:
The slope of the center line can be used for trend confirmation. A slope bigger then zero is an up trend while a slope smaller then zero is a down trend. And side way price action is indicated when the slope is around zero within a certain threshold.
Image 3
One hint should be mentioned here. The side way section gets indicated much later. About the number of bars as the center line is long. Before that there are just up or down trend predicted. In the image 2 you see the slope is firstly tin and as more bars past by the slope becomes more thick. This should indicate the point where no side way predictions will happens anymore.
Variation of calculation
In the settings menu you can find the setting "Include last close to center line". With this activated the center line is calculated with the last pivots and the last close price. The last close price is assumed as a pivot too. This gives the slope a more early reaction to volatile price action. But also brings back some noise.
Abusuhil Bullish CandlesAbusuhil Bullish Candles is a pattern recognition indicator designed to identify key bullish reversal candlestick formations including Hammer, Bullish Engulfing, Morning Star, Piercing Line, Three White Soldiers, and Three Inside Up.
The script includes optional filters such as Stochastic and Volume Confirmation, providing more precise signal detection.
Each pattern and filter is fully customizable via settings. Alerts are also included to support active trading workflows.
This script was written originally and does not copy open-source indicators. It's ideal for traders seeking visual clarity on bullish opportunities with professional-grade logic.
مؤشر الشموع الصعودية هو مؤشر احترافي يكتشف أبرز نماذج الانعكاس الصعودي في الشموع اليابانية مثل: Hammer، Bullish Engulfing، Morning Star، Piercing Line، Three White Soldiers، و Three Inside Up.
يوفر المؤشر فلاتر إضافية مثل فلتر Stochastic وفلتر الفوليوم لتعزيز دقة الإشارات. جميع الإعدادات قابلة للتعديل بما يتناسب مع احتياج كل متداول.
يحتوي المؤشر أيضًا على تنبيهات تلقائية لدعم استراتيجيات التداول اللحظي. تمت برمجة المؤشر من الصفر ويعتمد على منطق خاص غير منسوخ من سكربتات مفتوحة المصدر.
SD Median NUPL-Z🧠 Overview
SD Median NUPL-Z is a trend-following indicator that leverages a normalized version of Bitcoin’s Net Unrealized Profit/Loss (NUPL) metric, filtered through a median-based volatility band. Unlike traditional NUPL which is often used to spot extremes, this indicator is designed to identify sustained directional trends — entering only when both on-chain momentum and price structure align.
🧩 Key Features
Z-Scored NUPL Trend Engine: Normalizes NUPL using rolling mean and standard deviation to create a smoothed trend signal.
Price Structure Filter: Implements a median-based price band to avoid false entries during short-term volatility.
Custom Thresholds: User-defined thresholds determine when the trend signal is strong enough to justify a long or short directional bias.
Directional Candle Coloring: Reinforces current trend regime visually with aqua (bullish) and red (bearish) plots and candles.
Optimized for BTC: Uses Bitcoin’s Market Cap and Realized Cap to construct the NUPL input.
🔍 How It Works
On-Chain Core: NUPL is calculated as the percentage of unrealized profit in the market: (Market Cap - Realized Cap) / Market Cap * 100.
Z-Score Transformation: The raw NUPL value is normalized using a rolling average and standard deviation over a set window (default 134 days), producing the NUPL-Z series.
Median-Based Price Filter: A rolling 50th percentile (median) of price is used alongside its own standard deviation to create upper and lower bounds.
These bounds define a "volatility corridor" around price; the trend signal is only acted upon if price confirms by staying outside these bands.
Signal Logic:
A Long signal is triggered when NUPL-Z rises above the long threshold and price is not below the lower band.
A Short signal is triggered when NUPL-Z falls below the short threshold.
State Variable (CD): Tracks the current market regime, used to control plotting and color changes.
🔁 Use Cases & Applications
Momentum-Based Trend Following: Helps traders align with directional moves backed by both on-chain sentiment and supportive price structure.
Filtered Entry Timing: Reduces premature or noise-based entries by requiring price confirmation before committing to NUPL-based signals.
Best Suited for BTC: This tool is designed specifically around Bitcoin’s on-chain metrics and is not intended for altcoins or low-volume assets.
✅ Conclusion
SD Median NUPL-Z repurposes a traditionally cyclical valuation tool into a modern trend-following signal by combining statistical normalization with dynamic price structure filtering. It offers a more robust way to participate in high-conviction directional trends, reducing the likelihood of entering during short-lived counter moves.
⚠️ Disclaimer
The content provided by this indicator is for educational and informational purposes only. Nothing herein constitutes financial or investment advice. Trading and investing involve risk, including the potential loss of capital. Always backtest and apply risk management suited to your strategy.
NUPL-Z For Loop🧠 Overview
NUPL-Z For Loop is a trend-following indicator built on Bitcoin’s on-chain Net Unrealized Profit/Loss (NUPL) metric. It uses a Z-scored transformation of NUPL and a custom loop-based scoring system to measure the consistency of directional movement. Rather than identifying tops and bottoms, this tool is designed to track sustained trends and filter out short-term noise, making it ideal for momentum-aligned strategies.
🧩 Key Features
Loop-Based Trend Logic: Assesses trend strength by summing the number of upward vs. downward moves in Z-scored NUPL across a custom lookback.
Z-Score Normalization: Applies long-term statistical normalization to NUPL to emphasize deviation from average behavior over time.
Threshold-Based Regime Shifts: Custom input thresholds define when trend strength is significant enough to trigger long or short signals.
Directional Market State Tracking: Internally tracks bullish, bearish, or neutral conditions to guide trend entries.
BTC-Focused On-Chain Analysis: Tailored specifically for Bitcoin using Market Cap and Realized Cap inputs.
🔍 How It Works
NUPL Calculation: Derived as the percentage of net unrealized profit relative to market cap: (MC - RMC) / MC * 100.
Z-Scoring: NUPL is normalized using a rolling mean and standard deviation over a long window (default 1300 days) to create a smoothed trend signal.
Directional Loop: A custom loop iterates from the start_loop to the end_loop, comparing the current Z-score to past values.
Each instance where NUPL_Z > NUPL_Z adds +1 to the score; otherwise, it subtracts -1.
This cumulative score reflects how consistently NUPL-Z has been trending.
Signal Logic:
Long signal when loop score exceeds long_threshold.
Short signal when score falls below short_threshold.
CD State Engine: Maintains the current trend regime (1 for long, -1 for short), which drives plot coloring and overlays.
🔁 Use Cases & Applications
Momentum Trend Filter: Detects and confirms sustained directional strength in BTC’s profit/loss positioning.
Noise Suppression: Avoids reactive signals from one-off spikes or dips in NUPL by requiring a consistent trend before confirming bias.
Best Suited for BTC: Designed specifically for Bitcoin’s price and on-chain structure, using its unique NUPL dynamics.
✅ Conclusion
NUPL-Z For Loop transforms a traditionally mean-reverting indicator into a trend-following signal engine. By scoring the consistency of movement in normalized NUPL, this tool identifies trend strength rather than reversal potential — providing more reliable context for momentum-aligned trades on Bitcoin.
⚠️ Disclaimer
The content provided by this indicator is for educational and informational purposes only. Nothing herein constitutes financial or investment advice. Trading and investing involve risk, including the potential loss of capital. Always backtest and apply risk management suited to your strategy.
