MACD Bands - Multi Timeframe [TradeMaster Lite]We present a customizable MACD indicator, with the following features:
Multi-timeframe
Deviation bands to spot unusual volatility
9 Moving Average types
Conditional coloring and line crossings
👉 What is MACD?
MACD is a classic, trend-following indicator that uses moving averages to identify changes in momentum. It can be used to identify trend changes, overbought and oversold conditions, and potential reversals.
👉 Multi-timeframe:
This feature allows to analyze the same market data on multiple time frames, which can be in help to identify trends and patterns that would not be visible on a single time frame. When using the multi-timeframe feature, it is important to start with the higher time frame and then look for confirmation on the lower time frames. This will help you to avoid false signals. Please note that only timeframes higher than the chart timeframe is supported currently with this feature enabled. Might get updated in the future.
👉 Deviation bands to spot unusual volatility:
Deviation bands are plotted around the Signal line that can be in help to identify periods of unusual volatility. When the MACD line crosses outside of the deviation bands, it suggests that the market is becoming more volatile and a strong trend may form in that direction.
👉 9 Moving Average types can be used in the script. Each type of moving average offers a unique perspective and can be used in different scenarios to identify market trends.
SMA (Simple Moving Average): This calculates the average of a selected range of values, by the number of periods in that range.
SMMA (Smoothed Moving Average): This takes into account all data available and assigns equal weighting to the values.
EMA (Exponential Moving Average): This places a greater weight and significance on the most recent data points.
DEMA (Double Exponential Moving Average): This is a faster-moving average that uses a proprietary calculation to reduce the lag in data points.
TEMA (Triple Exponential Moving Average): This is even quicker than the DEMA, helping traders respond more quickly to changes in trend.
LSMA (Least Squares Moving Average): This moving average applies least squares regression method to determine the future direction of the trend.
HMA (Hull Moving Average): This moving average is designed to reduce lag and improve smoothness, providing quicker signals for short-term market movements.
VWMA (Volume Weighted Moving Average): This assigns more weight to candles with a high volume, reflecting the true average values more accurately in high volume periods.
WMA (Weighted Moving Average): This assigns more weight to the latest data, but not as much as the EMA.
👉 Conditional coloring :
This feature colors the MACD line line based on it's direction and fills the area between the MACD line and Deviation band edges to highlight the potential volatility and the strength of the momentum. This can be useful to identify when the market is trending strongly and when it is in a more neutral or choppy state.
👉 MACD Line - Signal Line crossings:
This is a classic MACD trading signal that occurs when the MACD line crosses above or below the signal line. Crossovers can be used to identify potential trend reversals. This can be a bullish or bearish signal, depending on the direction of the crossover.
👉 General advice
Confirming Signals with other indicators:
As with all technical indicators, it is important to confirm potential signals with other analytical tools, such as support and resistance levels, as well as indicators like RSI, MACD, and volume. This helps increase the probability of a successful trade.
Use proper risk management:
When using this or any other indicator, it is crucial to have proper risk management in place. Consider implementing stop-loss levels and thoughtful position sizing.
Combining with other technical indicators:
The indicator can be effectively used alongside other technical indicators to create a comprehensive trading strategy and provide additional confirmation.
Keep in Mind:
Thorough research and backtesting are essential before making any trading decisions. Furthermore, it's crucial to have a solid understanding of the indicator and its behavior. Additionally, incorporating fundamental analysis and considering market sentiment can be vital factors to take into account in your trading approach.
Limitations:
This is a lagging indicator. Please note that the indicator is using moving averages, which are lagging indicators.
The indicators within the TradeMaster Lite package aim for simplicity and efficiency, while retaining their original purpose and value. Some settings, functions or visuals may be simpler than expected.
⭐ Conclusion
We hold the view that the true path to success is the synergy between the trader and the tool, contrary to the common belief that the tool itself is the sole determinant of profitability. The actual scenario is more nuanced than such an oversimplification. Our aim is to offer useful features that meet the needs of the 21st century and that we actually use.
🛑 Risk Notice:
Everything provided by trademasterindicator – from scripts, tools, and articles to educational materials – is intended solely for educational and informational purposes. Past performance does not assure future returns.
Cari dalam skrip untuk "indicators"
Bearish Market Indicator V2Definition
Have you ever wonder whether if the stock/index/market is "bearish" ? A Bearish Market Indicator (B.M.I) is not a new concept, the definition is simply 20% lower from the recent (term: short-term, recent: usually within a year, a.k.a 1 year) highs (closing price with in the recent period or within in a year or simply a 52-Week High). It is called “bearish” by definition when the closing price is below 20% from the highest price within the year (52-Week high: Green Line). To visualize the “20%” below the recent highs, there is a plot (line: light yellow color in the middle) called a Bearish Market By Definition Value. For example, the SPX 500 has been in a bearish market which is why there is a purple color highlight over the 52-Week High (green line) since September 21, 2022 because the closing price is below the Bearish Market By Definition Value (light yellow color) or “20% below the recent highs”. Finally, there is a red line under in the graph and it is the lowest price within a year. So when you hear, “this ticker is at a 52-Week Low”, you know what it means.
Line Summary:
Green Color Line = 52-Week High
Yellow Color Line = 20% away from the 52-Week High or Bearish Market By Definition Value
Red Color Line = 52-Week Low
Color Summary:
Red Color = Bad
Saturated Red Color = Very Bad
Purple Color = Bearish (It may look pink: red + purple)
White Color = Less Bad (That’s because there is no certainty only probability)
Green Color = Not too Bad (That’s because there is no certainty only probability)
Now to more complicated Metrics
>> If you do not like the technical indicators, go to the indicator settings, uncheck the tables. Otherwise, please continue reading. <<
Pre-requisites
+ Understand that the indicators are lagging indicators.
+ Using it under “D” or “Day” interval
+ Already Understand: Moving Averages, Stochastic-RSI, RSI, Super Trend and MACD.
+ Please be aware that this might not be compatible with traders!
Indicators
This B.M.I is fused (comprised, combined) with multiple indicators:
- Moving Averages
I would not rely just on the Moving Averages (MA) since it is a lagging indicator. The values are derived by finding the differences with respect to the MAs (between the closing price and with the respect MA).
- Stochastic-RSI
Stochastic and RSI combo with RSI-Color coating. The first value is the rsi-stochastic-k followed by the rsi-stochastic-d both are compartmentalized with “|”.
Parameter:
Numbers > 80 Not Good
Numbers < 20 Is it time? (You can manually verify the lines (k, d) or the values from them)
- Relative Strength Index (RSI)
The first value is the rsi followed by the rsi-ma both are compartmentalized with “|”. It is also coated with RSI-color.
Parameter:
Numbers > 70 Overbought | Color Red
If the RSI > RSI’s MA = Green
If the RSI < RSI’s MA = Red
Numbers < 30 Oversold | Color Red
- Moving Averages Convergence Divergence (MACD)
The first value is the MACD-line followed by the signal-line both are compartmentalized with “|”.
Macd-line > signal line = green
Macd-line < signal line = red
- Supertrend (please look up from the documentation; i can not embed the link)
Think of this way, you’re riding a wave. If the wave is climbing, expect the price to follow.
Direction < 0 = Green
Direction > 0 = Red
- Other Trend similar to supertrend
This is similar to the Super Trend according the some. Imagine you’re drawing a trend line manually within 6 months.
Within the period, the line gets smoothed over and over til the n=9.
> If the closing is less than the 9th value, it implies the trend is slowing down.
Usage
Adjustments
+ Since there are different holidays from different countries, you can change the BMI-Period from the indicator settings “BMI-4khansolo”.
+ You can hide Technical Indicator Tables, it is also under the settings (see above).
> This will show red over the 52-Week high if it tests for positive .
Purpose
Do you like eating the same food over and over? No! I love different food! I also love a variety of indicators. Especially, I love having MULTIPLE indicators presented in one canvas at the same time (personalized).
After spending a lot of time, I want to share my “FOOD” which is made of different ingredients (indicators) with someone who appreciates food! This Makes me a chef isn't it? Yes! Chef!
Questions?
If you have questions or spotted errors, please comment them below so that I can improve.
Sources
All the materials (i.e., functions like ta.rsi, etc...) used in here are available in the platform.
All the references or sources materials are commented with the code since the I am not allowed to put them here.
*2.2 Aggregated (Raw Z-scores with MA)***To be used with other 2.2 indicator***
Key Indicators Used:
Oscillating Indicators: RSI, TSI, Stochastic, MACD, CCI, Vortex Indicator, Williams %R.
Perpetual Trend Indicators: EMA, ADX, Parabolic SAR, Supertrend, Donchian Channel, Ichimoku Cloud, RVGI.
How to Use the Indicator:
Raw Z-Score (Blue Line): This represents the real-time aggregated Z-score of all the indicators. It shows how far the current market conditions are from their average, helping you identify trends.
Moving Average of Z-Score (Orange Line): A smoothed version of the Z-score that helps confirm trends and eliminate noise.
Shaded Area: The area between the Z-score and its moving average is shaded green if the Z-score is above the moving average (bullish), and red if below the moving average (bearish).
Zero Line (Gray Line): Serves as a reference point. A Z-score crossing above zero could signal a bullish market, while crossing below zero could indicate bearish conditions.
This indicator helps in identifying market extremes and trend reversals by combining various technical indicators into a single aggregate score, ideal for spotting overbought or oversold conditions and possible trend shifts
Trend Following ADX + Parabolic SAR### Strategy Description: Trend Following using **ADX** and **Parabolic SAR**
This strategy is designed to follow market trends using two popular indicators: **Average Directional Index (ADX)** and **Parabolic SAR**. The strategy attempts to enter trades when the market shows a strong trend (using ADX) and confirms the trend direction using the Parabolic SAR. Here's a breakdown:
### Key Indicators:
1. **ADX (Average Directional Index)**:
- **Purpose**: ADX measures the strength of a trend, regardless of direction.
- **Usage**: The strategy uses ADX to confirm that the market is trending. When ADX is above a certain threshold (e.g., 25), it indicates a strong trend.
- **Directional Indicators**:
- **DI+ (Directional Indicator Plus)**: Indicates upward movement strength.
- **DI- (Directional Indicator Minus)**: Indicates downward movement strength.
2. **Parabolic SAR**:
- **Purpose**: Parabolic SAR is a trend-following indicator used to identify potential reversals in the price direction.
- **Usage**: It provides specific price points above or below which the strategy confirms buy or sell signals.
### Strategy Logic:
#### **Entry Conditions**:
1. **Long Position** (Buy):
- **ADX** is above the threshold (default: 25), indicating a strong trend.
- **DI+ > DI-**, indicating the upward trend is stronger than the downward.
- The price is above the **Parabolic SAR** level, confirming the upward trend.
2. **Short Position** (Sell):
- **ADX** is above the threshold (default: 25), indicating a strong trend.
- **DI- > DI+**, indicating the downward trend is stronger than the upward.
- The price is below the **Parabolic SAR** level, confirming the downward trend.
#### **Exit Conditions**:
- Positions are closed when an opposite signal is detected.
- For example, if a long position is open and the conditions for a short position are met, the long position is closed, and a short position is opened.
### Parameters:
1. **ADX Period**: Defines the length of the period for the ADX calculation (default: 14).
2. **ADX Threshold**: The minimum value of ADX to confirm a strong trend (default: 25).
3. **Parabolic SAR Start**: The initial step for the SAR (default: 0.02).
4. **Parabolic SAR Increment**: The step increment for SAR (default: 0.02).
5. **Parabolic SAR Max**: The maximum step for SAR (default: 0.2).
### Example Trade Flow:
#### **Long Trade**:
1. ADX > 25, confirming a strong trend.
2. DI+ > DI-, indicating the market is trending upward.
3. The price is above the Parabolic SAR, confirming the upward direction.
4. **Action**: Enter a long (buy) position.
5. Exit the long position when a short signal is triggered (i.e., DI- > DI+, price below Parabolic SAR).
#### **Short Trade**:
1. ADX > 25, confirming a strong trend.
2. DI- > DI+, indicating the market is trending downward.
3. The price is below the Parabolic SAR, confirming the downward direction.
4. **Action**: Enter a short (sell) position.
5. Exit the short position when a long signal is triggered (i.e., DI+ > DI-, price above Parabolic SAR).
### Strengths of the Strategy:
- **Trend-Following**: It performs well in markets with strong trends, whether upward or downward.
- **Dual Confirmation**: The combination of ADX and Parabolic SAR reduces false signals by ensuring both trend strength and direction are considered before entering a trade.
### Weaknesses:
- **Range-Bound Markets**: This strategy may perform poorly in choppy, non-trending markets because both ADX and SAR are trend-following indicators.
- **Lagging Nature**: Since both ADX and SAR are lagging indicators, the strategy may enter trades after the trend has already started, potentially missing early profits.
### Customization:
- **ADX Threshold**: You can increase the threshold if you only want to trade in very strong trends, or lower it to capture more moderate trends.
- **SAR Parameters**: Adjusting the SAR `start`, `increment`, and `max` values will make the Parabolic SAR more or less sensitive to price changes.
### Summary:
This strategy combines the ADX and Parabolic SAR to take advantage of strong market trends. By confirming both trend strength (ADX) and trend direction (Parabolic SAR), it aims to enter high-probability trades in trending markets while minimizing false signals. However, it may struggle in sideways or non-trending markets.
For Educational purposes only !!!
AI SuperTrend x Pivot Percentile - Strategy [PresentTrading]█ Introduction and How it is Different
The AI SuperTrend x Pivot Percentile strategy is a sophisticated trading approach that integrates AI-driven analysis with traditional technical indicators. Combining the AI SuperTrend with the Pivot Percentile strategy highlights several key advantages:
1. Enhanced Accuracy in Trend Prediction: The AI SuperTrend utilizes K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm for trend prediction, improving accuracy by considering historical data patterns. This is complemented by the Pivot Percentile analysis which provides additional context on trend strength.
2. Comprehensive Market Analysis: The integration offers a multi-faceted approach to market analysis, combining AI insights with traditional technical indicators. This dual approach captures a broader range of market dynamics.
BTC 6H L/S Performance
Local
█ Strategy: How it Works - Detailed Explanation
🔶 AI-Enhanced SuperTrend Indicators
1. SuperTrend Calculation:
- The SuperTrend indicator is calculated using a moving average and the Average True Range (ATR). The basic formula is:
- Upper Band = Moving Average + (Multiplier × ATR)
- Lower Band = Moving Average - (Multiplier × ATR)
- The moving average type (SMA, EMA, WMA, RMA, VWMA) and the length of the moving average and ATR are adjustable parameters.
- The direction of the trend is determined based on the position of the closing price in relation to these bands.
2. AI Integration with K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN):
- The KNN algorithm is applied to predict trend direction. It uses historical price data and SuperTrend values to classify the current trend as bullish or bearish.
- The algorithm calculates the 'distance' between the current data point and historical points. The 'k' nearest data points (neighbors) are identified based on this distance.
- A weighted average of these neighbors' trends (bullish or bearish) is calculated to predict the current trend.
For more please check: Multi-TF AI SuperTrend with ADX - Strategy
🔶 Pivot Percentile Analysis
1. Percentile Calculation:
- This involves calculating the percentile ranks for high and low prices over a set of predefined lengths.
- The percentile function is typically defined as:
- Percentile = Value at (P/100) × (N + 1)th position
- Where P is the desired percentile, and N is the number of data points.
2. Trend Strength Evaluation:
- The calculated percentiles for highs and lows are used to determine the strength of bullish and bearish trends.
- For instance, a high percentile rank in the high prices may indicate a strong bullish trend, and vice versa for bearish trends.
For more please check: Pivot Percentile Trend - Strategy
🔶 Strategy Integration
1. Combining SuperTrend and Pivot Percentile:
- The strategy synthesizes the insights from both AI-enhanced SuperTrend and Pivot Percentile analysis.
- It compares the trend direction indicated by the SuperTrend with the strength of the trend as suggested by the Pivot Percentile analysis.
2. Signal Generation:
- A trading signal is generated when both the AI-enhanced SuperTrend and the Pivot Percentile analysis agree on the trend direction.
- For instance, a bullish signal is generated when both the SuperTrend is bullish, and the Pivot Percentile analysis shows strength in bullish trends.
🔶 Risk Management and Filters
- ADX and DMI Filter: The strategy uses the Average Directional Index (ADX) and the Directional Movement Index (DMI) as filters to assess the trend's strength and direction.
- Dynamic Trailing Stop Loss: Based on the SuperTrend indicator, the strategy dynamically adjusts stop-loss levels to manage risk effectively.
This strategy stands out for its ability to combine real-time AI analysis with established technical indicators, offering traders a nuanced and responsive tool for navigating complex market conditions. The equations and algorithms involved are pivotal in accurately identifying market trends and potential trade opportunities.
█ Usage
To effectively use this strategy, traders should:
1. Understand the AI and Pivot Percentile Indicators: A clear grasp of how these indicators work will enable traders to make informed decisions.
2. Interpret the Signals Accurately: The strategy provides bullish, bearish, and neutral signals. Traders should align these signals with their market analysis and trading goals.
3. Monitor Market Conditions: Given that this strategy is sensitive to market dynamics, continuous monitoring is crucial for timely decision-making.
4. Adjust Settings as Needed: Traders should feel free to tweak the input parameters to suit their trading preferences and to respond to changing market conditions.
█Default Settings and Their Impact on Performance
1. Trading Direction (Default: "Both")
Effect: Determines whether the strategy will take long positions, short positions, or both. Adjusting this setting can align the strategy with the trader's market outlook or risk preference.
2. AI Settings (Neighbors: 3, Data Points: 24)
Neighbors: The number of nearest neighbors in the KNN algorithm. A higher number might smooth out noise but could miss subtle, recent changes. A lower number makes the model more sensitive to recent data but may increase noise.
Data Points: Defines the amount of historical data considered. More data points provide a broader context but may dilute recent trends' impact.
3. SuperTrend Settings (Length: 10, Factor: 3.0, MA Source: "WMA")
Length: Affects the sensitivity of the SuperTrend indicator. A longer length results in a smoother, less sensitive indicator, ideal for long-term trends.
Factor: Determines the bandwidth of the SuperTrend. A higher factor creates wider bands, capturing larger price movements but potentially missing short-term signals.
MA Source: The type of moving average used (e.g., WMA - Weighted Moving Average). Different MA types can affect the trend indicator's responsiveness and smoothness.
4. AI Trend Prediction Settings (Price Trend: 10, Prediction Trend: 80)
Price Trend and Prediction Trend Lengths: These settings define the lengths of weighted moving averages for price and SuperTrend, impacting the responsiveness and smoothness of the AI's trend predictions.
5. Pivot Percentile Settings (Length: 10)
Length: Influences the calculation of pivot percentiles. A shorter length makes the percentile more responsive to recent price changes, while a longer length offers a broader view of price trends.
6. ADX and DMI Settings (ADX Length: 14, Time Frame: 'D')
ADX Length: Defines the period for the Average Directional Index calculation. A longer period results in a smoother ADX line.
Time Frame: Sets the time frame for the ADX and DMI calculations, affecting the sensitivity to market changes.
7. Commission, Slippage, and Initial Capital
These settings relate to transaction costs and initial investment, directly impacting net profitability and strategy feasibility.
Indicator PanelHello All,
This script shows Indicator panel in a Table. Table.new() is a new feature and released today! Thanks a lot to Pine Team to add this new great feature! This new feature is a game changer!
The script shows indicator values for each symbol and changes background color of each cell by using current and last values of the indicators for each symbol. if current value is greater than last value then backgroung color is green, if lower than last value then red, if they are equals then gray.
You can choose the indicators to display. Number of columns in the table is dynamic and is changed by number of the indicators.
You can choose 5 different Symbols, 6 Indicators and 2 Simple or Exponential Moving averages, you can set type of moving averages and the lengths. You can also set the lengths for each Indicators.
Indicators:
- RSI
- MACD ( MACD and Signal and Histogram )
- DMI ( +DI and -DI + and ADX )
- CCI
- MFI
- Momentum
- MA with Length 50 (length can be set)
- MA with Length 200 (length can be set)
In this example RSI, MACD and MA 200 were chosen, you can see how table size changes dynamically:
Enjoy!
TAIndicatorsThis library offers a comprehensive suite of enhanced technical indicator functions, building upon TradingView's built-in indicators. The primary advantage of this library is its expanded flexibility, allowing you to select from a wider range of moving average types for calculations and smoothing across various indicators.
The core difference between these functions and TradingView's standard ones is the ability to specify different moving average types beyond the default. While a standard ta.rsi() is fixed, the rsi() in this library, for example, can be smoothed by an 'SMMA (RMA)', 'WMA', 'VWMA', or others, giving you greater control over your analysis.
█ FEATURES
This library provides enhanced versions of the following popular indicators:
Moving Average (ma): A versatile MA function that includes optional secondary smoothing and Bollinger Bands.
RSI (rsi): Calculate RSI with an optional smoothed signal line using various MA types, plus built-in divergence detection.
MACD (macd): A MACD function where you can define the MA type for both the main calculation and the signal line.
ATR (atr): An ATR function that allows for different smoothing types.
VWAP (vwap): A comprehensive anchored VWAP with multiple configurable bands.
ADX (adx): A standard ADX calculation.
Cumulative Volume Delta (cvd): Provides CVD data based on a lower timeframe.
Bollinger Bands (bb): Create Bollinger Bands with a customizable MA type for the basis line.
Keltner Channels (kc): Keltner Channels with selectable MA types and band styles.
On-Balance Volume (obv): An OBV indicator with an optional smoothed signal line using various MA types.
... and more to come! This library will be actively maintained, with new useful indicator functions added over time.
█ HOW TO USE
To use this library in your scripts, import it using its publishing link. You can then call the functions directly.
For example, to calculate a Weighted Moving Average (WMA) and then smooth it with a Simple Moving Average (SMA) :
import ActiveQuants/TAIndicators/1 as tai
// Calculate a 20-period WMA of the close
// Then, smooth the result with a 10-period SMA
= tai.ma("WMA", close, 20, "SMA", 10)
plot(myWma, color = color.blue)
plot(smoothedWma, color = color.orange)
█ Why Choose This Library?
If you're looking for more control and customization than what's offered by the standard built-in functions, this library is for you. By allowing for a variety of smoothing methods across multiple indicators, it enables a more nuanced and personalized approach to technical analysis. Fine-tune your indicators to better fit your trading style and strategies.
EMA Crossover Strategy with Take Profit and Candle HighlightingStrategy Overview:
This strategy is based on the Exponential Moving Averages (EMA), specifically the EMA 20 and EMA 50. It takes advantage of EMA crossovers to identify potential trend reversals and uses multiple take-profit levels and a stop-loss for risk management.
Key Components:
EMA Crossover Signals:
Buy Signal (Uptrend): A buy signal is generated when the EMA 20 crosses above the EMA 50, signaling the start of a potential uptrend.
Sell Signal (Downtrend): A sell signal is generated when the EMA 20 crosses below the EMA 50, signaling the start of a potential downtrend.
Take Profit Levels:
Once a buy or sell signal is triggered, the strategy calculates multiple take-profit levels based on the range of the previous candle. The user can define multipliers for each take-profit level.
Take Profit 1 (TP1): 50% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
Take Profit 2 (TP2): 100% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
Take Profit 3 (TP3): 150% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
Take Profit 4 (TP4): 200% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
These levels are adjusted dynamically based on the previous candle's high and low, so they adapt to changing market conditions.
Stop Loss:
A stop-loss is set to manage risk. The default stop-loss is 3% from the entry price, but this can be adjusted in the settings. The stop-loss is triggered if the price moves against the position by this amount.
Trend Direction Highlighting:
The strategy highlights the bars (candles) with colors:
Green bars indicate an uptrend (when EMA 20 crosses above EMA 50).
Red bars indicate a downtrend (when EMA 20 crosses below EMA 50).
These visual cues help users easily identify the market direction.
Strategy Entries and Exits:
Entries: The strategy enters a long (buy) position when the EMA 20 crosses above the EMA 50 and a short (sell) position when the EMA 20 crosses below the EMA 50.
Exits: The strategy exits the positions at any of the defined take-profit levels or the stop-loss. Multiple exit levels provide opportunities to take profit progressively as the price moves in the favorable direction.
Entry and Exit Conditions in Detail:
Buy Entry Condition (Uptrend):
A buy position is opened when EMA 20 crosses above EMA 50, signaling the start of an uptrend.
The strategy calculates take-profit levels above the entry price based on the previous bar's range (high-low) and the multipliers for TP1, TP2, TP3, and TP4.
Sell Entry Condition (Downtrend):
A sell position is opened when EMA 20 crosses below EMA 50, signaling the start of a downtrend.
The strategy calculates take-profit levels below the entry price, similarly based on the previous bar's range.
Exit Conditions:
Take Profit: The strategy attempts to exit the position at one of the take-profit levels (TP1, TP2, TP3, or TP4). If the price reaches any of these levels, the position is closed.
Stop Loss: The strategy also has a stop-loss set at a default value (3% below the entry for long trades, and 3% above for short trades). The stop-loss helps to protect the position from significant losses.
Backtesting and Performance Metrics:
The strategy can be backtested using TradingView's Strategy Tester. The results will show how the strategy would have performed historically, including key metrics like:
Net Profit
Max Drawdown
Win Rate
Profit Factor
Average Trade Duration
These performance metrics can help users assess the strategy's effectiveness over historical periods and optimize the input parameters (e.g., multipliers, stop-loss level).
Customization:
The strategy allows for the adjustment of several key input values via the settings panel:
Take Profit Multipliers: Users can customize the multipliers for each take-profit level (TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4).
Stop Loss Percentage: The user can also adjust the stop-loss percentage to a custom value.
EMA Periods: The default periods for the EMA 50 and EMA 20 are fixed, but they can be adjusted for different market conditions.
Pros of the Strategy:
EMA Crossover Strategy: A classic and well-known strategy used by traders to identify the start of new trends.
Multiple Take Profit Levels: By taking profits progressively at different levels, the strategy locks in gains as the price moves in favor of the position.
Clear Trend Identification: The use of green and red bars makes it visually easier to follow the market's direction.
Risk Management: The stop-loss and take-profit features help to manage risk and optimize profit-taking.
Cons of the Strategy:
Lagging Indicators: The strategy relies on EMAs, which are lagging indicators. This means that the strategy might enter trades after the trend has already started, leading to missed opportunities or less-than-ideal entry prices.
No Confirmation Indicators: The strategy purely depends on the crossover of two EMAs and does not use other confirming indicators (e.g., RSI, MACD), which might lead to false signals in volatile markets.
How to Use in Real-Time Trading:
Use for Backtesting: Initially, use this strategy in backtest mode to understand how it would have performed historically with your preferred settings.
Paper Trading: Once comfortable, you can use paper trading to test the strategy in real-time market conditions without risking real money.
Live Trading: After testing and optimizing the strategy, you can consider using it for live trading with proper risk management in place (e.g., starting with a small position size and adjusting parameters as needed).
Summary:
This strategy is designed to identify trend reversals using EMA crossovers, with customizable take-profit levels and a stop-loss to manage risk. It's well-suited for traders looking for a systematic way to enter and exit trades based on clear market signals, while also providing flexibility to adjust for different risk profiles and trading styles.
Fibonacci Retracements & Trend Following Strategy V2This Pine Script strategy generates trading signals using Fibonacci levels and trend-following indicators.
1. Strategy Summary
This strategy analyzes price movements using a combination of Fibonacci levels and trend-following indicators, providing potential trading signals. The strategy includes Fibonacci levels as well as EMA (Exponential Moving Average) and ADX (Average Directional Index) indicators.
2. Indicators and Parameters
Fibonacci Levels
Fibonacci Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, Level 4: Used as Fibonacci retracement levels. These levels are typically set at 0.236, 0.382, 0.618, and 0.786. Users can adjust these values according to their preferences.
Trend-Following Indicator
Trend Length: The period for calculating the EMA used as the trend-following indicator. For example, if set to 20, the EMA will be calculated over 20 periods.
ADX (Average Directional Index)
ADX Length: The period for calculating the ADX. ADX measures the strength of the price trend and is usually set to 14 periods.
ADX Threshold: A threshold value for the ADX. This value determines when trading signals will be activated.
3. Usage Steps
Displaying the Indicator on the Chart:
On the TradingView platform, paste the code into the Pine Editor and click the "Add to Chart" button to add it to the chart.
Analyzing the Indicators:
Fibonacci Levels: Show retracement levels of price movements. When the price reaches one of these levels, potential reversals may occur.
Trend-Following Indicator: EMAs determine the direction of the trend. Green EMA represents an uptrend, while red EMA represents a downtrend.
ADX: Measures the strength of the trend. When ADX surpasses the threshold value, it indicates a strong trend.
Trading Signals:
Long Signal: Generated when the price is above the second Fibonacci level and the trend is upward. Additionally, the ADX value must be above the set threshold.
Short Signal: Generated when the price is below the second Fibonacci level and the trend is downward. Additionally, the ADX value must be above the set threshold.
Target Prices:
Long Targets: Determines upward targets based on Fibonacci levels. These targets indicate expected prices if the price reverses from Fibonacci levels.
Short Targets: Determines downward targets based on Fibonacci levels. These targets indicate expected prices if the price reverses from Fibonacci levels.
4. Chart Displays
Trend Up (Green Line): Shows the rising EMA.
Trend Down (Red Line): Shows the falling EMA.
Fibonacci Levels (Blue Lines): Shows Fibonacci retracement levels.
Long Targets (Green Circles): Shows targets for long positions.
Short Targets (Red Circles): Shows targets for short positions.
Long Signal (Green Label): Buy signal.
Short Signal (Red Label): Sell signal.
5. Important Notes
Retracement and Target Levels: Fibonacci levels can act as potential retracement or support/resistance levels. However, they should always be used in conjunction with other technical analysis tools.
Trend and ADX: ADX is used to determine the strength of the trend. Be aware that when ADX is low, trends may be weak.
6. Example Scenarios
Example 1: If the trend is upward (green EMA) and the price is above the second Fibonacci level, you may receive a long position signal. If the ADX value is above the threshold, the signal may be stronger.
Example 2: If the trend is downward (red EMA) and the price is below the second Fibonacci level, you may receive a short position signal. If the ADX value is above the threshold, the signal may be stronger.
This updated version contains significant improvements in both technical aspects and user experience. Innovations such as ADX calculations and dynamic Fibonacci levels make the strategy more robust and flexible. The code's readability and comprehensibility have been enhanced, and errors have been corrected.
This guide will help you understand the basic operation of the strategy. It is always recommended to conduct your own research and test the strategy before using it.
GOOD LUCK. // halilvarol
Bitcoin Macro Trend Map [Ox_kali]
## Introduction
__________________________________________________________________________________
The “Bitcoin Macro Trend Map” script is designed to provide a comprehensive analysis of Bitcoin’s macroeconomic trends. By leveraging a unique combination of Bitcoin-specific macroeconomic indicators, this script helps traders identify potential market peaks and troughs with greater accuracy. It synthesizes data from multiple sources to offer a probabilistic view of market excesses, whether overbought or oversold conditions.
This script offers significant value for the following reasons:
1. Holistic Market Analysis : It integrates a diverse set of indicators that cover various aspects of the Bitcoin market, from investor sentiment and market liquidity to mining profitability and network health. This multi-faceted approach provides a more complete picture of the market than relying on a single indicator.
2. Customization and Flexibility : Users can customize the script to suit their specific trading strategies and preferences. The script offers configurable parameters for each indicator, allowing traders to adjust settings based on their analysis needs.
3. Visual Clarity : The script plots all indicators on a single chart with clear visual cues. This includes color-coded indicators and background changes based on market conditions, making it easy for traders to quickly interpret complex data.
4. Proven Indicators : The script utilizes well-established indicators like the EMA, NUPL, PUELL Multiple, and Hash Ribbons, which are widely recognized in the trading community for their effectiveness in predicting market movements.
5. A New Comprehensive Indicator : By integrating background color changes based on the aggregate signals of various indicators, this script essentially creates a new, comprehensive indicator tailored specifically for Bitcoin. This visual representation provides an immediate overview of market conditions, enhancing the ability to spot potential market reversals.
Optimal for use on timeframes ranging from 1 day to 1 week , the “Bitcoin Macro Trend Map” provides traders with actionable insights, enhancing their ability to make informed decisions in the highly volatile Bitcoin market. By combining these indicators, the script delivers a robust tool for identifying market extremes and potential reversal points.
## Key Indicators
__________________________________________________________________________________
Macroeconomic Data: The script combines several relevant macroeconomic indicators for Bitcoin, such as the 10-month EMA, M2 money supply, CVDD, Pi Cycle, NUPL, PUELL, MRVR Z-Scores, and Hash Ribbons (Full description bellow).
Open Source Sources: Most of the scripts used are sourced from open-source projects that I have modified to meet the specific needs of this script.
Recommended Timeframes: For optimal performance, it is recommended to use this script on timeframes ranging from 1 day to 1 week.
Objective: The primary goal is to provide a probabilistic solution to identify market excesses, whether overbought or oversold points.
## Originality and Purpose
__________________________________________________________________________________
This script stands out by integrating multiple macroeconomic indicators into a single comprehensive tool. Each indicator is carefully selected and customized to provide insights into different aspects of the Bitcoin market. By combining these indicators, the script offers a holistic view of market conditions, helping traders identify potential tops and bottoms with greater accuracy. This is the first version of the script, and additional macroeconomic indicators will be added in the future based on user feedback and other inputs.
## How It Works
__________________________________________________________________________________
The script works by plotting each macroeconomic indicator on a single chart, allowing users to visualize and interpret the data easily. Here’s a detailed look at how each indicator contributes to the analysis:
EMA 10 Monthly: Uses an exponential moving average over 10 monthly periods to signal bullish and bearish trends. This indicator helps identify long-term trends in the Bitcoin market by smoothing out price fluctuations to reveal the underlying trend direction.Moving Averages w/ 18 day/week/month.
Credit to @ryanman0
M2 Money Supply: Analyzes the evolution of global money supply, indicating market liquidity conditions. This indicator tracks the changes in the total amount of money available in the economy, which can impact Bitcoin’s value as a hedge against inflation or economic instability.
Credit to @dylanleclair
CVDD (Cumulative Value Days Destroyed): An indicator based on the cumulative value of days destroyed, useful for identifying market turning points. This metric helps assess the Bitcoin market’s health by evaluating the age and value of coins that are moved, indicating potential shifts in market sentiment.
Credit to @Da_Prof
Pi Cycle: Uses simple and exponential moving averages to detect potential sell points. This indicator aims to identify cyclical peaks in Bitcoin’s price, providing signals for potential market tops.
Credit to @NoCreditsLeft
NUPL (Net Unrealized Profit/Loss): Measures investors’ unrealized profit or loss to signal extreme market levels. This indicator shows the net profit or loss of Bitcoin holders as a percentage of the market cap, helping to identify periods of significant market optimism or pessimism.
Credit to @Da_Prof
PUELL Multiple: Assesses mining profitability relative to historical averages to indicate buying or selling opportunities. This indicator compares the daily issuance value of Bitcoin to its yearly average, providing insights into when the market is overbought or oversold based on miner behavior.
Credit to @Da_Prof
MRVR Z-Scores: Compares market value to realized value to identify overbought or oversold conditions. This metric helps gauge the overall market sentiment by comparing Bitcoin’s market value to its realized value, identifying potential reversal points.
Credit to @Pinnacle_Investor
Hash Ribbons: Uses hash rate variations to signal buying opportunities based on miner capitulation and recovery. This indicator tracks the health of the Bitcoin network by analyzing hash rate trends, helping to identify periods of miner capitulation and subsequent recoveries as potential buying opportunities.
Credit to @ROBO_Trading
## Indicator Visualization and Interpretation
__________________________________________________________________________________
For each horizontal line representing an indicator, a legend is displayed on the right side of the chart. If the conditions are positive for an indicator, it will turn green, indicating the end of a bearish trend. Conversely, if the conditions are negative, the indicator will turn red, signaling the end of a bullish trend.
The background color of the chart changes based on the average of green or red indicators. This parameter is configurable, allowing adjustment of the threshold at which the background color changes, providing a clear visual indication of overall market conditions.
## Script Parameters
__________________________________________________________________________________
The script includes several configurable parameters to customize the display and behavior of the indicators:
Color Style:
Normal: Default colors.
Modern: Modern color style.
Monochrome: Monochrome style.
User: User-customized colors.
Custom color settings for up trends (Up Trend Color), down trends (Down Trend Color), and NaN (NaN Color)
Background Color Thresholds:
Thresholds: Settings to define the thresholds for background color change.
Low/High Red Threshold: Low and high thresholds for bearish trends.
Low/High Green Threshold: Low and high thresholds for bullish trends.
Indicator Display:
Options to show or hide specific indicators such as EMA 10 Monthly, CVDD, Pi Cycle, M2 Money, NUPL, PUELL, MRVR Z-Scores, and Hash Ribbons.
Specific Indicator Settings:
EMA 10 Monthly: Options to customize the period for the exponential moving average calculation.
M2 Money: Aggregation of global money supply data.
CVDD: Adjustments for value normalization.
Pi Cycle: Settings for simple and exponential moving averages.
NUPL: Thresholds for unrealized profit/loss values.
PUELL: Adjustments for mining profitability multiples.
MRVR Z-Scores: Settings for overbought/oversold values.
Hash Ribbons: Options for hash rate moving averages and capitulation/recovery signals.
## Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________________
The “Bitcoin Macro Trend Map” by Ox_kali is a tool designed to analyze the Bitcoin market. By combining several macroeconomic indicators, this script helps identify market peaks and troughs. It is recommended to use it on timeframes from 1 day to 1 week for optimal trend analysis. The scripts used are sourced from open-source projects, modified to suit the specific needs of this analysis.
## Notes
__________________________________________________________________________________
This is the first version of the script and it is still in development. More indicators will likely be added in the future. Feedback and comments are welcome to improve this tool.
## Disclaimer:
__________________________________________________________________________________
Please note that the Open Interest liquidation map is not a guarantee of future market performance and should be used in conjunction with proper risk management. Always ensure that you have a thorough understanding of the indicator’s methodology and its limitations before making any investment decisions. Additionally, past performance is not indicative of future results.
SASDv2rSensitive Altcoin Season Detector V2
This Pine Script™ code, titled "SASDv2r" (Sensitive Altcoin Season Detector version 2 revised), is designed for cryptocurrency trading analysis on the TradingView platform and tailored for those interested in tracking when altcoins might be outperforming Bitcoin, potentially indicating a market shift towards altcoins.
Feel free to use and modify. If you made it better, please let me know. Intention was to help the community with a tool for retail traders have no access to advanced, MV indicators. Solution uses classic TA only.
Use it witl TOTAL3/BTC indicator.
Please check: it gave signal just before last alt season % rose more than 250%.
Market Cap Data Fetching: The script fetches market capitalization data for Bitcoin, Ethereum, and all other altcoins (excluding Bitcoin and Ethereum) using request.security function.
Altcoin to Bitcoin Ratio: It calculates the ratio of total market cap of altcoins to Bitcoin's market cap (altToBtcRatio), which is central to identifying an "altcoin season."
Moving Averages: Several moving averages are computed for different time frames (50-day SMA, 200-day SMA, 20-day SMA, and 10-day EMA) to analyze trends in the altcoin to Bitcoin ratio.
Momentum Indicators: The script uses RSI (Relative Strength Index) and MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) to gauge momentum and potential reversal points in the market.
Custom Indicators: It includes Volume Weighted Moving Average (VWMA) and a custom momentum indicator (altMomentum and altMomentumAvg) to provide additional insights into market movements.
Volatility Measurement: Bollinger Bands are calculated to assess volatility in the altcoin to Bitcoin ratio, which helps identify periods of high or low market activity.
Visual Analysis: Various plots are added to the chart for visual interpretation, including the altcoin to Bitcoin ratio, different moving averages, and Bollinger Bands.
Alt Season Detection: The script defines conditions for detecting when an "altcoin season" might be starting, based on crossovers of moving averages, RSI levels, MACD signals, and other custom criteria.
Performance Tracking: After signaling an alt season, the script evaluates the performance over the next 30 days by checking if there's been an increase in the altcoin to Bitcoin ratio, adding labels for positive or negative trends.(this one is in progress). Logic still gives false signals and aim is to identify failed signals.
Visual Signals: Labels are placed on the chart to visually indicate the beginning of a potential alt season or the performance outcome after a signal, aiding traders in making informed decisions.
CMF and Scaled EFI OverlayCMF and Scaled EFI Overlay Indicator
Overview
The CMF and Scaled EFI Overlay indicator combines the Chaikin Money Flow (CMF) and a scaled version of the Elder Force Index (EFI) into a single chart. This allows traders to analyze both indicators simultaneously, facilitating better insights into market momentum and volume dynamics , specifically focusing on buying/selling pressure and momentum , without compromising the integrity of either indicator.
Purpose
Chaikin Money Flow (CMF): Measures buying and selling pressure by evaluating price and volume over a specified period. It indicates accumulation (buying pressure) when values are positive and distribution (selling pressure) when values are negative.
Elder Force Index (EFI): Combines price changes and volume to assess the momentum behind market moves. Positive values indicate upward momentum (prices rising with strong volume), while negative values indicate downward momentum (prices falling with strong volume).
By scaling the EFI to match the amplitude of the CMF, this indicator enables a direct comparison between pressure and momentum , preserving their shapes and zero crossings. Traders can observe the relationship between price movements, volume, and momentum more effectively, aiding in decision-making.
Understanding Pressure vs. Momentum
Chaikin Money Flow (CMF):
- Indicates the level of demand (buying pressure) or supply (selling pressure) in the market based on volume and price movements.
- Accumulation: When institutional or large investors are buying significant amounts of an asset, leading to an increase in buying pressure.
- Distribution: When these investors are selling off their holdings, increasing selling pressure.
Elder Force Index (EFI):
- Measures the strength and speed of price movements, indicating how forceful the current trend is.
- Positive Momentum: Prices are rising quickly, indicating a strong uptrend.
- Negative Momentum: Prices are falling rapidly, indicating a strong downtrend.
Understanding the difference between pressure and momentum is crucial. For example, a market may exhibit strong buying pressure (positive CMF) but weak momentum (low EFI), suggesting accumulation without significant price movement yet.
Features
Overlay of CMF and Scaled EFI: Both indicators are plotted on the same chart for easy comparison of pressure and momentum dynamics.
Customizable Parameters: Adjust lengths for CMF and EFI calculations and fine-tune the scaling factor for optimal alignment.
Preserved Indicator Integrity: The scaling method preserves the shape and zero crossings of the EFI, ensuring accurate analysis.
How It Works
CMF Calculation:
- Calculates the Money Flow Multiplier (MFM) and Money Flow Volume (MFV) to assess buying and selling pressure.
- CMF is computed by summing the MFV over the specified length and dividing by the sum of volume over the same period:
CMF = (Sum of MFV over n periods) / (Sum of Volume over n periods)
EFI Calculation:
- Calculates the EFI using the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) of the price change multiplied by volume:
EFI = EMA(n, Change in Close * Volume)
Scaling the EFI:
- The EFI is scaled by multiplying it with a user-defined scaling factor to match the CMF's amplitude.
Plotting:
- Both the CMF and the scaled EFI are plotted on the same chart.
- A zero line is included for reference, aiding in identifying crossovers and divergences.
Indicator Settings
Inputs
CMF Length (`cmf_length`):
- Default: 20
- Description: The number of periods over which the CMF is calculated. A higher value smooths the indicator but may delay signals.
EFI Length (`efi_length`):
- Default: 13
- Description: The EMA length for the EFI calculation. Adjusting this value affects the sensitivity of the EFI to price changes.
EFI Scaling Factor (`efi_scaling_factor`):
- Default: 0.000001
- Description: A constant used to scale the EFI to match the CMF's amplitude. Fine-tuning this value ensures the indicators align visually.
How to Adjust the EFI Scaling Factor
Start with the Default Value:
- Begin with the default scaling factor of `0.000001`.
Visual Inspection:
- Observe the plotted indicators. If the EFI appears too large or small compared to the CMF, proceed to adjust the scaling factor.
Fine-Tune the Scaling Factor:
- Increase or decrease the scaling factor incrementally (e.g., `0.000005`, `0.00001`, `0.00005`) until the amplitudes of the CMF and EFI visually align.
- The optimal scaling factor may vary depending on the asset and timeframe.
Verify Alignment:
- Ensure that the scaled EFI preserves the shape and zero crossings of the original EFI.
- Overlay the original EFI (if desired) to confirm alignment.
How to Use the Indicator
Analyze Buying/Selling Pressure and Momentum:
- Positive CMF (>0): Indicates accumulation (buying pressure).
- Negative CMF (<0): Indicates distribution (selling pressure).
- Positive EFI: Indicates positive momentum (prices rising with strong volume).
- Negative EFI: Indicates negative momentum (prices falling with strong volume).
Look for Indicator Alignment:
- Both CMF and EFI Positive:
- Suggests strong bullish conditions with both buying pressure and upward momentum.
- Both CMF and EFI Negative:
- Indicates strong bearish conditions with selling pressure and downward momentum.
Identify Divergences:
- CMF Positive, EFI Negative:
- Buying pressure exists, but momentum is negative; potential for a bullish reversal if momentum shifts.
- CMF Negative, EFI Positive:
- Selling pressure exists despite rising prices; caution advised as it may indicate a potential bearish reversal.
Confirm Signals with Other Analysis:
- Use this indicator in conjunction with other technical analysis tools (e.g., trend lines, support/resistance levels) to confirm trading decisions.
Example Usage
Scenario 1: Bullish Alignment
- CMF Positive: Indicates accumulation (buying pressure).
- EFI Positive and Increasing: Shows strengthening upward momentum.
- Interpretation:
- Strong bullish signal suggesting that buyers are active, and the price is likely to continue rising.
- Action:
- Consider entering a long position or adding to existing ones.
Scenario 2: Bearish Divergence
- CMF Negative: Indicates distribution (selling pressure).
- EFI Positive but Decreasing: Momentum is positive but weakening.
- Interpretation:
- Potential bearish reversal; price may be rising but underlying selling pressure suggests caution.
- Action:
- Be cautious with long positions; consider tightening stop-losses or preparing for a possible trend reversal.
Tips
Adjust for Different Assets:
- The optimal scaling factor may differ across assets due to varying price and volume characteristics.
- Always adjust the scaling factor when analyzing a new asset.
Monitor Indicator Crossovers:
- Crossings above or below the zero line can signal potential trend changes.
Watch for Divergences:
- Divergences between the CMF and EFI can provide early warning signs of trend reversals.
Combine with Other Indicators:
- Enhance your analysis by combining this overlay with other indicators like moving averages, RSI, or Ichimoku Cloud.
Limitations
Scaling Factor Sensitivity:
- An incorrect scaling factor may misalign the indicators, leading to inaccurate interpretations.
- Regular adjustments may be necessary when switching between different assets or timeframes.
Not a Standalone Indicator:
- Should be used as part of a comprehensive trading strategy.
- Always consider other market factors and indicators before making trading decisions.
Disclaimer
No Guarantee of Performance:
- Past performance is not indicative of future results.
- Trading involves risk, and losses can exceed deposits.
Use at Your Own Risk:
- This indicator is provided for educational purposes.
- The author is not responsible for any financial losses incurred while using this indicator.
Code Summary
//@version=5
indicator(title="CMF and Scaled EFI Overlay", shorttitle="CMF & Scaled EFI", overlay=false)
cmf_length = input.int(20, minval=1, title="CMF Length")
efi_length = input.int(13, minval=1, title="EFI Length")
efi_scaling_factor = input.float(0.000001, title="EFI Scaling Factor", minval=0.0, step=0.000001)
// --- CMF Calculation ---
ad = high != low ? ((2 * close - low - high) / (high - low)) * volume : 0
mf = math.sum(ad, cmf_length) / math.sum(volume, cmf_length)
// --- EFI Calculation ---
efi_raw = ta.ema(ta.change(close) * volume, efi_length)
// --- Scale EFI ---
efi_scaled = efi_raw * efi_scaling_factor
// --- Plotting ---
plot(mf, color=color.green, title="CMF", linewidth=2)
plot(efi_scaled, color=color.red, title="EFI (Scaled)", linewidth=2)
hline(0, color=color.gray, title="Zero Line", linestyle=hline.style_dashed)
- Lines 4-6: Define input parameters for CMF length, EFI length, and EFI scaling factor.
- Lines 9-11: Calculate the CMF.
- Lines 14-16: Calculate the EFI.
- Line 19: Scale the EFI by the scaling factor.
- Lines 22-24: Plot the CMF, scaled EFI, and zero line.
Feedback and Support
Suggestions: If you have ideas for improvements or additional features, please share your feedback.
Support: For assistance or questions regarding this indicator, feel free to contact the author through TradingView.
---
By combining the CMF and scaled EFI into a single overlay, this indicator provides a powerful tool for traders to analyze market dynamics more comprehensively. Adjust the parameters to suit your trading style, and always practice sound risk management.
[3Commas] Signal BuilderSignal Builder is a tool designed to help traders create custom buy and sell signals by combining multiple technical indicators. Its flexibility allows traders to set conditions based on their specific strategy, whether they’re into scalping, swing trading, or long-term investing. Additionally, its integration with 3Commas bots makes it a powerful choice for those looking to automate their trades, though it’s also ideal for traders who prefer receiving alerts and making manual decisions.
🔵 How does Signal Builder work?
Signal Builder allows users to define custom conditions using popular technical indicators, which, when met, generate clear buy or sell signals. These signals can be used to trigger TradingView alerts, ensuring that you never miss a market opportunity. Additionally, all conditions are evaluated using "AND" logic, meaning signals are only activated when all user-defined conditions are met. This increases precision and helps avoid false signals.
🔵 Available indicators and recommended settings:
Signal Builder provides access to a wide range of technical indicators, each customizable to popular settings that maximize effectiveness:
RSI (Relative Strength Index): An oscillator that measures the relative strength of price over a specific period. Traders typically configure it with 14 periods, using levels of 30 (oversold) and 70 (overbought) to identify potential reversals.
MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence): A key indicator tracking the crossover between two moving averages. Common settings include 12 and 26 periods for the moving averages, with a 9-period signal line to detect trend changes.
Ultimate Oscillator: Combines three different time frames to offer a comprehensive view of buying and selling pressure. Popular settings are 7, 14, and 28 periods.
Bollinger Bands %B: Provides insight into where the price is relative to its upper and lower bands. Standard settings include a 20-period moving average and a standard deviation of 2.
ADX (Average Directional Index): Measures the strength of a trend. Values above 25 typically indicate a strong trend, while values below suggest weak or sideways movement.
Stochastic Oscillator: A momentum indicator comparing the closing price to its range over a defined period. Popular configurations include 14 periods for %K and 3 for %D smoothing.
Parabolic SAR: Ideal for identifying trend reversals and entry/exit points. Commonly configured with a 0.02 step and a 0.2 maximum.
Money Flow Index (MFI): Similar to RSI but incorporates volume into the calculation. Standard settings use 14 periods, with levels of 20 and 80 as oversold and overbought thresholds.
Commodity Channel Index (CCI): Measures the deviation of price from its average. Traders often use a 20-period setting with levels of +100 and -100 to identify extreme overbought or oversold conditions.
Heikin Ashi Candles: These candles smooth out price fluctuations to show clearer trends. Commonly used in trend-following strategies to filter market noise.
🔵 How to use Signal Builder:
Configure indicators: Select the indicators that best fit your strategy and adjust their settings as needed. You can combine multiple indicators to define precise entry and exit conditions.
Define custom signals: Create buy or sell conditions that trigger when your selected indicators meet the criteria you’ve set. For example, configure a buy signal when RSI crosses above 30 and MACD confirms with a bullish crossover.
TradingView alerts: Set up alerts in TradingView to receive real-time notifications when the conditions you’ve defined are met, allowing you to react quickly to market opportunities without constantly monitoring charts.
Monitor with the panel: Signal Builder includes a visual panel that shows active conditions for each indicator in real time, helping you keep track of signals without manually checking each indicator.
🔵 3Commas integration:
In addition to being a valuable tool for any trader, Signal Builder is optimized to work seamlessly with 3Commas bots through Webhooks. This allows you to automate your trades based on the signals you’ve configured, ensuring that no opportunity is missed when your defined conditions are met. If you prefer automation, Signal Builder can send buy or sell signals to your 3Commas bots, enhancing your trading process and helping you manage multiple trades more efficiently.
🔵 Example of use:
Imagine you trade in volatile markets and want to trigger a sell signal when:
Stochastic Oscillator indicates overbought conditions with the %K value crossing below 80.
Bollinger Bands %B shows the price has surpassed the upper band, suggesting a potential reversal.
ADX is below 20, indicating that the trend is weak and could be about to change.
With Signal Builder , you can configure these conditions to trigger a sell signal only when all are met simultaneously. Then, you can set up a TradingView alert to notify you as soon as the signal is activated, giving you the opportunity to react quickly and adjust your strategy accordingly.
👨🏻💻💭 If this tool helps your trading strategy, don’t forget to give it a boost! Feel free to share in the comments how you're using it or if you have any questions.
_________________________________________________________________
The information and publications within the 3Commas TradingView account are not meant to be and do not constitute financial, investment, trading, or other types of advice or recommendations supplied or endorsed by 3Commas and any of the parties acting on behalf of 3Commas, including its employees, contractors, ambassadors, etc.
Elliott's Quadratic Momentum - Strategy [presentTrading]█ Introduction and How It Is Different
The "Elliott's Quadratic Momentum - Strategy" is a unique and innovative approach in the realm of technical trading. This strategy is a fusion of multiple SuperTrend indicators combined with an Elliott Wave-like pattern analysis, offering a comprehensive and dynamic trading tool. It stands apart from conventional strategies by incorporating multiple layers of trend analysis, thereby providing a more robust and nuanced view of market movements.
*Although the script doesn't explicitly analyze Elliott Wave patterns, it employs a wave-like approach by considering multiple SuperTrend indicators. Elliott Wave theory is based on the premise that markets move in predictable wave patterns. While this script doesn't identify specific Elliott Wave structures like impulsive and corrective waves, the sequential checking of trend conditions across multiple SuperTrend indicators mimics a wave-like progression.
BTC 8hr Long/Short Performance
Local Detail
█ Strategy, How It Works: Detailed Explanation
The core of this strategy lies in its multi-tiered approach:
1. Multiple SuperTrend Indicators:
The strategy employs four different SuperTrend indicators, each with unique ATR lengths and multipliers. These indicators offer various perspectives on market trends, ranging from short to long-term views.
By analyzing the convergence of these indicators, the strategy can pinpoint robust entry signals for both long and short positions.
2. Elliott Wave-like Pattern Recognition:
While not directly applying Elliott Wave theory, the strategy takes inspiration from its pattern recognition approach. It looks for alignments in market movements that resemble the characteristic waves of Elliott's theory.
This pattern recognition aids in confirming the signals provided by the SuperTrend indicators, adding an extra layer of validation to the trading signals.
3. Comprehensive Market Analysis:
By combining multiple indicators and pattern analysis, the strategy offers a holistic view of the market. This allows for capturing potential trend reversals and significant market moves early.
█ Trade Direction
The strategy is designed with flexibility in mind, allowing traders to select their preferred trading direction – Long, Short, or Both. This adaptability is key for traders looking to tailor their approach to different market conditions or personal trading styles. The strategy automatically adjusts its logic based on the chosen direction, ensuring that traders are always aligned with their strategic objectives.
█ Usage
To utilize the "Elliott's Quadratic Momentum - Strategy" effectively:
Traders should first determine their trading direction and adjust the SuperTrend settings according to their market analysis and risk appetite.
The strategy is versatile and can be applied across various time frames and asset classes, making it suitable for a wide range of trading scenarios.
It's particularly effective in trending markets, where the alignment of multiple SuperTrend indicators can provide strong trade signals.
█ Default Settings
Trading Direction: Configurable (Long, Short, Both)
SuperTrend Settings:
SuperTrend 1: ATR Length 7, Multiplier 4.0
SuperTrend 2: ATR Length 14, Multiplier 3.618
SuperTrend 3: ATR Length 21, Multiplier 3.5
SuperTrend 4: ATR Length 28, Multiplier 3.382
Additional Settings: Gradient effect for trend visualization, customizable color schemes for upward and downward trends.
Gaussian Average Rate Oscillator
Within the ALMA calculation, the Gaussian function is applied to each price data point within the specified window. The idea is to give more weight to data points that are closer to the center and reduce the weight for points that are farther away.
The strategy calculates and compares two different Rate of Change (ROC) indicators: one based on the Arnaud Legoux Moving Average (ALMA) and the other based on a smoothed Exponential Moving Average (EMA). The primary goal of this strategy is to identify potential buy and sell signals based on the relationship between these ROC indicators.
Here's how the strategy logic works
Calculating the ROC Indicators:
The script first calculates the ROC (Rate of Change) of the smoothed ALMA and the smoothed EMA. The smoothed ALMA is calculated using a specified window size and is then smoothed further with a specified smoothing period. The smoothed EMA is calculated using a specified EMA length and is also smoothed with the same smoothing period.
Comparing ROCs:
The script compares the calculated ROC values of the smoothed ALMA and smoothed EMA.
The color of the histogram bars representing the ROC of the smoothed ALMA depends on its relationship with the ROC of the smoothed EMA. Green indicates that the ROC of ALMA is higher, red indicates that it's lower, and black indicates equality.
Similarly, the color of the histogram bars representing the ROC of the smoothed EMA is determined based on its relationship with the ROC of the smoothed ALMA, they are simply inversed so that they match.
With the default color scheme, green bars indicate the Gaussian average is outperforming the EMA within the breadth and red bars mean it's underperforming. This is regardless of the rate of average price changes.
Generating Trade Signals:
Based on the comparison of the ROC values, the strategy identifies potential crossover points and trends. Buy signals could occur when the ROC of the smoothed ALMA crosses above the ROC of the smoothed EMA. Sell signals could occur when the ROC of the smoothed ALMA crosses below the ROC of the smoothed EMA.
Additional Information:
The script also plots a zero rate line at the zero level to provide a reference point for interpreting the ROC values.
In summary, the strategy attempts to capture potential buy and sell signals by analyzing the relationships between the ROC values of the smoothed ALMA and the smoothed EMA. These signals can provide insights into potential trends and momentum shifts in the price data.
Inside BarsInside Bars Indicator
Description:
This indicator identifies and highlights price action patterns where a bar's high and low
are completely contained within the previous bar's range. Inside bars are significant
technical patterns that often signal a period of price consolidation or uncertainty,
potentially leading to a breakout in either direction.
Trading Literature & Theory:
Inside bars are well-documented in technical analysis literature:
- Steve Nison discusses them in "Japanese Candlestick Charting Techniques" as a form
of harami pattern, indicating potential trend reversals
- Thomas Bulkowski's "Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns" categorizes inside bars as
a consolidation pattern with statistical significance for breakout trading
- Alexander Elder references them in "Trading for a Living" as indicators of
decreasing volatility and potential energy build-up
- John Murphy's "Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets" includes inside bars
as part of price action analysis for market psychology understanding
The pattern is particularly significant because it represents:
1. Volatility Contraction: A narrowing of price range indicating potential energy build-up
2. Institutional Activity: Often shows large players absorbing or distributing positions
3. Decision Point: Market participants evaluating the previous bar's significance
Trading Applications:
1. Breakout Trading
- Watch for breaks above the parent bar's high (bullish signal)
- Monitor breaks below the parent bar's low (bearish signal)
- Multiple consecutive inside bars can indicate stronger breakout potential
2. Market Psychology
- Inside bars represent a period of equilibrium between buyers and sellers
- Shows market uncertainty and potential energy building up
- Often precedes significant price movements
Best Market Conditions:
- Trending markets approaching potential reversal points
- After strong momentum moves where the market needs to digest gains
- Near key support/resistance levels
- During pre-breakout consolidation phases
Complementary Indicators:
- Volume indicators to confirm breakout strength
- Trend indicators (Moving Averages, ADX) for context
- Momentum indicators (RSI, MACD) for additional confirmation
Risk Management:
- Use parent bar's range for stop loss placement
- Wait for breakout confirmation before entry
- Consider time-based exits if breakout doesn't occur
- More reliable on higher timeframes
Note: The indicator works best when combined with proper risk management
and overall market context analysis. Avoid trading every inside bar pattern
and always confirm with volume and other technical indicators.
Fiboborsa+BistTitle: "Fiboborsa+Bist Indicator for TradingView"
Description: The "Fiboborsa+Bist" indicator is a powerful tool designed for TradingView users. This indicator offers a comprehensive set of technical indicators to assist you in your technical analysis and trading decisions.
Features:
Simple Moving Averages (SMA): You can enable or disable SMA with different periods (20, 50, 100, 200) to observe different timeframes and trends.
SMA Strategy: Use SMA crossovers to determine trends. Watch for the 20-period SMA crossing above the 50-period SMA for a bullish signal. For a bearish signal, observe the 50-period SMA crossing below the 100-period SMA.
Exponential Moving Averages (EMA): Similar to SMA, you can enable or disable EMA with different periods (5, 8, 14, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233) for more precise trend analysis.
EMA Strategy: Use EMA crossovers and crossunders for short-term trend changes. A buy signal may occur when the 5-period EMA crosses above the 14-period EMA, while a crossunder suggests a selling opportunity.
Weighted Moving Averages (WMA): Customize WMA settings with various periods (5, 13, 21, 34, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987) to suit your trading style.
WMA Strategy: Use WMA crossovers to verify trends. When the 13-period WMA crosses above the 34-period WMA, it may indicate an uptrend.
Buy and Sell Signals: The indicator provides buy and sell signals based on EMA crossovers and crossunders. Strong signals are also highlighted.
EMA Buy and Sell Strategy: Make informed trading decisions using buy and sell signals generated by EMA crossovers and crossunders.
Ichimoku Cloud: You can enable the Ichimoku Cloud for a clear visual representation of support and resistance levels.
Ichimoku Strategy: Use the Ichimoku Cloud to determine trend direction. Entering long positions is common when the price is above the cloud and considering short positions when it's below the cloud. Verify the trend with the Chikou Span.
Bollinger Bands: Easily visualize price volatility by enabling the Bollinger Bands feature.
Bollinger Bands Strategy: Bollinger Bands help you visualize price volatility. Look for potential reversal points when the price touches or crosses the upper or lower bands.
Use the "Fiboborsa+Bist" indicator to enhance your trading strategies and make informed decisions in the dynamic world of financial markets.
Additional Information:
Bollinger Bands: Bollinger Bands are a technical analysis tool used to monitor price volatility and determine overbought or oversold conditions. This indicator consists of three components:
Middle Moving Average (SMA): Typically, a 20-day SMA is used.
Upper Band: Calculated by adding two times the standard deviation to the SMA.
Lower Band: Calculated by subtracting two times the standard deviation from the SMA.
As the price moves between these two bands, it becomes possible to identify potential buying or selling points by comparing its height or low with these bands.
Ichimoku Cloud: The Ichimoku Cloud is a comprehensive indicator used for trend identification, defining support and resistance levels, and measuring trend strength. The Ichimoku Cloud comprises five key components:
Tenkan Sen (Conversion Line): Used to identify short-term trends.
Kijun Sen (Base Line): Used to identify medium-term trends.
Senkou Span A (Leading Span A): Calculated as (Tenkan Sen + Kijun Sen) / 2 and shows future support and resistance levels.
Senkou Span B (Leading Span B): Calculated as (highest high + lowest low) / 2 and indicates future support and resistance levels.
Chikou Span (Lagging Line): Enables tracking the price backward.
The Ichimoku Cloud interprets a price above the cloud as an uptrend and below the cloud as a downtrend. The Chikou Span assists in verifying the current trend.
ADDITIONAL STRATEGY WITH RSI AND MACD INDICATORS
**Strategy: Two-Stage Trading Strategy Using RSI, MACD, and Fiboborsa+Bist Indicators**
**Stage 1: Determining the Trend and Selecting the Trading Direction**
1. **Trend Identification with Fiboborsa+Bist Indicator:**
- Analyze the simple moving averages (SMA), exponential moving averages (EMA), and weighted moving averages (WMA) used with the Fiboborsa+Bist indicator. These indicators will provide information about the direction of the market trend.
2. **Identifying Overbought and Oversold Conditions with RSI:**
- Use the RSI indicator to identify overbought (70 and above) and oversold (30 and below) conditions. This helps in measuring the strength of the trend. If RSI enters the overbought zone, a downward correction is likely. If RSI enters the oversold zone, an upward correction is probable.
3. **Evaluating Momentum with MACD:**
- Examine price momentum using the MACD indicator. When the MACD line crosses above the signal line, it may indicate an increasing upward momentum. Conversely, a downward cross can suggest an increasing downward momentum.
**Stage 2: Generating Buy and Sell Signals**
4. **Combining RSI, MACD, and Fiboborsa+Bist Indicators:**
- To generate a buy signal, wait for RSI to move out of the oversold region into an uptrend and for the MACD line to cross above the signal line.
- To generate a sell signal, wait for RSI to move out of the overbought region into a downtrend and for the MACD line to cross below the signal line.
5. **Confirmation with Fiboborsa+Bist Indicator:**
- When you receive a buy or sell signal, use the Fiboborsa+Bist indicator to confirm the market trend. Confirming the trend can strengthen your trade signals.
6. **Setting Stop-Loss and Take-Profit Levels:**
- Remember to manage risk when opening buy or sell positions. Set stop-loss and take-profit levels to limit your risk.
7. **Monitor and Adjust Your Trades:**
- Continuously monitor your trade positions and adjust your strategy as per market conditions.
This two-stage trading strategy offers the ability to determine trends and generate trade signals using different indicators. However, every trading strategy involves risks, so risk management and practical application are essential. Also, it's recommended to test this strategy in a demo account before using it in a real trading account.
MTF_DrawingsLibrary 'MTF_Drawings'
This library helps with drawing indicators and candle charts on all timeframes.
FEATURES
CHART DRAWING : Library provides functions for drawing High Time Frame (HTF) and Low Time Frame (LTF) candles.
INDICATOR DRAWING : Library provides functions for drawing various types of HTF and LTF indicators.
CUSTOM COLOR DRAWING : Library allows to color candles and indicators based on specific conditions.
LINEFILLS : Library provides functions for drawing linefills.
CATEGORIES
The functions are named in a way that indicates they purpose:
{Ind} : Function is meant only for indicators.
{Hist} : Function is meant only for histograms.
{Candle} : Function is meant only for candles.
{Draw} : Function draws indicators, histograms and candle charts.
{Populate} : Function generates necessary arrays required by drawing functions.
{LTF} : Function is meant only for lower timeframes.
{HTF} : Function is meant only for higher timeframes.
{D} : Function draws indicators that are composed of two lines.
{CC} : Function draws custom colored indicators.
USAGE
Import the library into your script.
Before using any {Draw} function it is necessary to use a {Populate} function.
Choose the appropriate one based on the category, provide the necessary arguments, and then use the {Draw} function, forwarding the arrays generated by the {Populate} function.
This doesn't apply to {Draw_Lines}, {LineFill}, or {Barcolor} functions.
EXAMPLE
import Spacex_trader/MTF_Drawings/1 as tf
//Request lower timeframe data.
Security(simple string Ticker, simple string New_LTF, float Ind) =>
float Value = request.security_lower_tf(Ticker, New_LTF, Ind)
Value
Timeframe = input.timeframe('1', 'Timeframe: ')
tf.Draw_Ind(tf.Populate_LTF_Ind(Security(syminfo.tickerid, Timeframe, ta.rsi(close, 14)), 498, color.purple), 1, true)
FUNCTION LIST
HTF_Candle(BarsBack, BodyBear, BodyBull, BordersBear, BordersBull, WickBear, WickBull, LineStyle, BoxStyle, LineWidth, HTF_Open, HTF_High, HTF_Low, HTF_Close, HTF_Bar_Index)
Populates two arrays with drawing data of the HTF candles.
Parameters:
BarsBack (int) : Bars number to display.
BodyBear (color) : Candle body bear color.
BodyBull (color) : Candle body bull color.
BordersBear (color) : Candle border bear color.
BordersBull (color) : Candle border bull color.
WickBear (color) : Candle wick bear color.
WickBull (color) : Candle wick bull color.
LineStyle (string) : Wick style (Solid-Dotted-Dashed).
BoxStyle (string) : Border style (Solid-Dotted-Dashed).
LineWidth (int) : Wick width.
HTF_Open (float) : HTF open price.
HTF_High (float) : HTF high price.
HTF_Low (float) : HTF low price.
HTF_Close (float) : HTF close price.
HTF_Bar_Index (int) : HTF bar_index.
Returns: Two arrays with drawing data of the HTF candles.
LTF_Candle(BarsBack, BodyBear, BodyBull, BordersBear, BordersBull, WickBear, WickBull, LineStyle, BoxStyle, LineWidth, LTF_Open, LTF_High, LTF_Low, LTF_Close)
Populates two arrays with drawing data of the LTF candles.
Parameters:
BarsBack (int) : Bars number to display.
BodyBear (color) : Candle body bear color.
BodyBull (color) : Candle body bull color.
BordersBear (color) : Candle border bear color.
BordersBull (color) : Candle border bull color.
WickBear (color) : Candle wick bear color.
WickBull (color) : Candle wick bull color.
LineStyle (string) : Wick style (Solid-Dotted-Dashed).
BoxStyle (string) : Border style (Solid-Dotted-Dashed).
LineWidth (int) : Wick width.
LTF_Open (float ) : LTF open price.
LTF_High (float ) : LTF high price.
LTF_Low (float ) : LTF low price.
LTF_Close (float ) : LTF close price.
Returns: Two arrays with drawing data of the LTF candles.
Draw_Candle(Box, Line, Offset)
Draws HTF or LTF candles.
Parameters:
Box (box ) : Box array with drawing data.
Line (line ) : Line array with drawing data.
Offset (int) : Offset of the candles.
Returns: Drawing of the candles.
Populate_HTF_Ind(IndValue, BarsBack, IndColor, HTF_Bar_Index)
Populates one array with drawing data of the HTF indicator.
Parameters:
IndValue (float) : Indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
IndColor (color) : Indicator color.
HTF_Bar_Index (int) : HTF bar_index.
Returns: An array with drawing data of the HTF indicator.
Populate_LTF_Ind(IndValue, BarsBack, IndColor)
Populates one array with drawing data of the LTF indicator.
Parameters:
IndValue (float ) : Indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
IndColor (color) : Indicator color.
Returns: An array with drawing data of the LTF indicator.
Draw_Ind(Line, Mult, Exe)
Draws one HTF or LTF indicator.
Parameters:
Line (line ) : Line array with drawing data.
Mult (int) : Coordinates multiplier.
Exe (bool) : Display the indicator.
Returns: Drawing of the indicator.
Populate_HTF_Ind_D(IndValue_1, IndValue_2, BarsBack, IndColor_1, IndColor_2, HTF_Bar_Index)
Populates two arrays with drawing data of the HTF indicators.
Parameters:
IndValue_1 (float) : First indicator value.
IndValue_2 (float) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
IndColor_1 (color) : First indicator color.
IndColor_2 (color) : Second indicator color.
HTF_Bar_Index (int) : HTF bar_index.
Returns: Two arrays with drawing data of the HTF indicators.
Populate_LTF_Ind_D(IndValue_1, IndValue_2, BarsBack, IndColor_1, IndColor_2)
Populates two arrays with drawing data of the LTF indicators.
Parameters:
IndValue_1 (float ) : First indicator value.
IndValue_2 (float ) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
IndColor_1 (color) : First indicator color.
IndColor_2 (color) : Second indicator color.
Returns: Two arrays with drawing data of the LTF indicators.
Draw_Ind_D(Line_1, Line_2, Mult, Exe_1, Exe_2)
Draws two LTF or HTF indicators.
Parameters:
Line_1 (line ) : First line array with drawing data.
Line_2 (line ) : Second line array with drawing data.
Mult (int) : Coordinates multiplier.
Exe_1 (bool) : Display the first indicator.
Exe_2 (bool) : Display the second indicator.
Returns: Drawings of the indicators.
Barcolor(Box, Line, BarColor)
Colors the candles based on indicators output.
Parameters:
Box (box ) : Candle box array.
Line (line ) : Candle line array.
BarColor (color ) : Indicator color array.
Returns: Colored candles.
Populate_HTF_Ind_D_CC(IndValue_1, IndValue_2, BarsBack, BullColor, BearColor, IndColor_1, HTF_Bar_Index)
Populates two array with drawing data of the HTF indicators with color based on: IndValue_1 >= IndValue_2 ? BullColor : BearColor.
Parameters:
IndValue_1 (float) : First indicator value.
IndValue_2 (float) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
BullColor (color) : Bull color.
BearColor (color) : Bear color.
IndColor_1 (color) : First indicator color.
HTF_Bar_Index (int) : HTF bar_index.
Returns: Three arrays with drawing and color data of the HTF indicators.
Populate_LTF_Ind_D_CC(IndValue_1, IndValue_2, BarsBack, BullColor, BearColor, IndColor_1)
Populates two arrays with drawing data of the LTF indicators with color based on: IndValue_1 >= IndValue_2 ? BullColor : BearColor.
Parameters:
IndValue_1 (float ) : First indicator value.
IndValue_2 (float ) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
BullColor (color) : Bull color.
BearColor (color) : Bearcolor.
IndColor_1 (color) : First indicator color.
Returns: Three arrays with drawing and color data of the LTF indicators.
Populate_HTF_Hist_CC(HistValue, IndValue_1, IndValue_2, BarsBack, BullColor, BearColor, HTF_Bar_Index)
Populates one array with drawing data of the HTF histogram with color based on: IndValue_1 >= IndValue_2 ? BullColor : BearColor.
Parameters:
HistValue (float) : Indicator value.
IndValue_1 (float) : First indicator value.
IndValue_2 (float) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
BullColor (color) : Bull color.
BearColor (color) : Bearcolor.
HTF_Bar_Index (int) : HTF bar_index
Returns: Two arrays with drawing and color data of the HTF histogram.
Populate_LTF_Hist_CC(HistValue, IndValue_1, IndValue_2, BarsBack, BullColor, BearColor)
Populates one array with drawing data of the LTF histogram with color based on: IndValue_1 >= IndValue_2 ? BullColor : BearColor.
Parameters:
HistValue (float ) : Indicator value.
IndValue_1 (float ) : First indicator value.
IndValue_2 (float ) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
BullColor (color) : Bull color.
BearColor (color) : Bearcolor.
Returns: Two array with drawing and color data of the LTF histogram.
Populate_LTF_Hist_CC_VA(HistValue, Value, BarsBack, BullColor, BearColor)
Populates one array with drawing data of the LTF histogram with color based on: HistValue >= Value ? BullColor : BearColor.
Parameters:
HistValue (float ) : Indicator value.
Value (float) : First indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
BullColor (color) : Bull color.
BearColor (color) : Bearcolor.
Returns: Two array with drawing and color data of the LTF histogram.
Populate_HTF_Ind_CC(IndValue, IndValue_1, BarsBack, BullColor, BearColor, HTF_Bar_Index)
Populates one array with drawing data of the HTF indicator with color based on: IndValue >= IndValue_1 ? BullColor : BearColor.
Parameters:
IndValue (float) : Indicator value.
IndValue_1 (float) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
BullColor (color) : Bull color.
BearColor (color) : Bearcolor.
HTF_Bar_Index (int) : HTF bar_index
Returns: Two arrays with drawing and color data of the HTF indicator.
Populate_LTF_Ind_CC(IndValue, IndValue_1, BarsBack, BullColor, BearColor)
Populates one array with drawing data of the LTF indicator with color based on: IndValue >= IndValue_1 ? BullColor : BearColor.
Parameters:
IndValue (float ) : Indicator value.
IndValue_1 (float ) : Second indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
BullColor (color) : Bull color.
BearColor (color) : Bearcolor.
Returns: Two arrays with drawing and color data of the LTF indicator.
Draw_Lines(BarsBack, y1, y2, LineType, Fill)
Draws price lines on indicators.
Parameters:
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
y1 (float) : Coordinates of the first line.
y2 (float) : Coordinates of the second line.
LineType (string) : Line type.
Fill (color) : Fill color.
Returns: Drawing of the lines.
LineFill(Upper, Lower, BarsBack, FillColor)
Fills two lines with linefill HTF or LTF.
Parameters:
Upper (line ) : Upper line.
Lower (line ) : Lower line.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
FillColor (color) : Fill color.
Returns: Linefill of the lines.
Populate_LTF_Hist(HistValue, BarsBack, HistColor)
Populates one array with drawing data of the LTF histogram.
Parameters:
HistValue (float ) : Indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
HistColor (color) : Indicator color.
Returns: One array with drawing data of the LTF histogram.
Populate_HTF_Hist(HistValue, BarsBack, HistColor, HTF_Bar_Index)
Populates one array with drawing data of the HTF histogram.
Parameters:
HistValue (float) : Indicator value.
BarsBack (int) : Indicator lines to display.
HistColor (color) : Indicator color.
HTF_Bar_Index (int) : HTF bar_index.
Returns: One array with drawing data of the HTF histogram.
Draw_Hist(Box, Mult, Exe)
Draws HTF or LTF histogram.
Parameters:
Box (box ) : Box Array.
Mult (int) : Coordinates multiplier.
Exe (bool) : Display the histogram.
Returns: Drawing of the histogram.
RSI, SRSI, MACD and DMI cross - Open source codeHello,
I'm a passionate trader who has spent years studying technical analysis and exploring different trading strategies. Through my research, I've come to realize that certain indicators are essential tools for conducting accurate market analysis and identifying profitable trading opportunities. In particular, I've found that the RSI, SRSI, MACD cross, and Di cross indicators are crucial for my trading success.
Detailed explanation:
The RSI is a momentum indicator that measures the strength of price movements. It is calculated by comparing the average of gains and losses over a certain period of time. In this indicator, the RSI is calculated based on the close price with a length of 14 periods.
The Stochastic RSI is a combination of the Stochastic Oscillator and the RSI. It is used to identify overbought and oversold conditions of the market. In this indicator, the Stochastic RSI is calculated based on the RSI with a length of 14 periods.
The MACD is a trend-following momentum indicator that shows the relationship between two moving averages of prices. It consists of two lines, the MACD line and the signal line, which are used to generate buy and sell signals. In this indicator, the MACD is calculated based on the close price with fast and slow lengths of 12 and 26 periods, respectively, and a signal length of 9 periods.
The DMI is a trend-following indicator that measures the strength of directional movement in the market. It consists of three lines, the Positive Directional Indicator (+DI), the Negative Directional Indicator (-DI), and the Average Directional Index (ADX), which are used to generate buy and sell signals. In this indicator, the DMI is calculated with a length of 14 periods and an ADX smoothing of 14 periods.
The indicator generates buy signals when certain conditions are met for each of these indicators.
1) For the RSI, a buy signal is generated when the RSI is below or equal to 35 and the Stochastic RSI %K is below or equal to 15, or when the RSI is below or equal to 28 the Stochastic RSI %K is below or equal to 15 or when the RSI is below or equal to 25 and the Stochastic RSI %K is below or equal to 10 or when the RSI is below or equal to 28.
2) For the MACD, a buy signal is generated when the MACD line is below 0, there is a change in the histogram from negative to positive, the MACD line and histogram are negative in the previous period, and the current histogram value is greater than 0.
3) For the DMI, a buy signal is generated when the Positive Directional Indicator (+DI) crosses above the Negative Directional Indicator (-DI), and the -DI is less than the +DI.
The indicator generates sell signals when certain conditions are met for each of these indicators:
1) For the RSI, a sell signal is generated when the RSI is above or equal to 75 and the Stochastic RSI %K is above or equal to 85, or when the RSI is above or equal to 80 and the Stochastic RSI %K is above or equal to 85, or when the RSI is above or equal to 85 and the Stochastic RSI %K is above or equal to 90 or when the RSI is above or equal to 82.
2)For the MACD, a sell signal is generated when the MACD line is above 0, there is a change in the histogram from positive to negative, the MACD line and histogram are positive in the previous period, and the current histogram value is less than the previous histogram value. On the other hand, a buy signal is generated when the MACD line is below 0, there is a change in the histogram from negative to positive, the MACD line and histogram are negative in the previous period, and the current histogram value is greater than the previous histogram value.
3)For the DMI a bearish signal is generated when plusDI crosses above minusDI, indicating that bulls are losing strength and bears are taking control.
The indicator uses a combination of these four indicators to generate potential buy and sell signals. The buy signals are generated when RSI and SRSI values are in oversold conditions, while sell signals are generated when RSI and SRSI values are in overbought conditions. The indicator also uses MACD crossovers and DMI crossovers to generate additional buy and sell signals.
When a signal is strong?
The use of multiple signals within a specific timeframe can increase the accuracy and reliability of the signals generated by this indicator. It is recommended to look for at least two signals within a range of 5-8 candles in order to increase the probability of a successful trade.
Why it's original?
1) There is no indicator in the library that combine all of these indicators and give you a 360 view
2)The combination of the RSI, Stochastic RSI, MACD, and DMI indicators in a single script it's unique and not available in the libray.
3)The specific parameters and conditions used to calculate the signals may be unique and not found in other scripts or libraries.
4)The use of plotshape() to plot the signals as shapes on the chart may be unique compared to other scripts that simply plot lines or bars to indicate signals.
5)The use of alertcondition() to trigger alerts based on the signals may be unique compared to other scripts that do not have custom alert functionality.
Keep attention!
It is important to note that no trading indicator or strategy is foolproof, and there is always a risk of losses in trading. While this indicator may provide useful information for making conclusions, it should not be used as the sole basis for making trading decisions. Traders should always use proper risk management techniques and consider multiple factors when making trading decisions.
Support me:)
If you find this new indicator helpful in your trading analysis, I would greatly appreciate your support! Please consider giving it a like, leaving feedback, or sharing it with your trading network. Your engagement will not only help me improve this tool but will also help other traders discover it and benefit from its features. Thank you for your support!
All-in-one CPR indicator Introduction and Acknowledgement:
The script is basically a mashup script and provides a combined functionality of various indicators. I'll explain the usefulness and the optimal usage of the script after giving the credits where it is due. A CPR indicator for visually identifying the trend along with the strength of the trend is NOT available in the public library of TradingView. Hence, the need of this indicator.
The credit of creating the original indicators remain unknown to me but I would like to acknowledge the authors whose formulae and codes I have used for creating this mashup indicator.
- Frank Ochoa
- Guruprasad Meduri
- Rafael Zioni
- Stoked Stocks
- Pine team for default indicators
The prime focus of the script is identifying and simplifying the 2 main aspects of a trend:
1. Direction / Underlying trend
2. Strength of the trend
Flaws in traditional CPR:
Some may see this as a flaw, some may not. So take my opinion with a grain of salt. In general, the traditional CPR indicator is used to plot just support and resistance levels, and the trend identification is purely discretionary. In addition to this, there is no way to assess the strength of the move without using a dedicated volumed based indicator. This causes amateur traders to take counter trades to the market direction.
What is the need of this hybrid indicator?
A CPR indicator that also aids in visually identifying the trend and the strength of the trend with respect to the price action in NOT available in the public library of TradingView. The traditional CPR can be used to assess the rough direction of the market but if it combined with the Hull ribbon, the probability of identifying the trend increases manifold. Hence, I decided to create this mashup indicator.
In addition to the basic CPR pivots, the script provides the functionality of the following indicators:
1. HMA based trend ribbons with auto buy/sell signals
2. Volatility based bands - Bollinger bands, Keltner channel, Donchian channel, envelope.
3. Coloured volume candles to determine the strength of the trend
4. CPR with daily, weekly, and monthly levels
5. Previous day high/low
6. Tomorrow CPR
7. 3 Simple moving averages
8. Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP)
Correct usage of the indicator:
The optimal usage of the indicators consists of mainly 2 parts:
1. Identification of the trend using the combination of CPR and Hull ribbon
2. Determining the strength of the trend
How to identify the trend?
In general, when the price is above CPR it is considered a bullish trend. Also, when the price is above the Hull ribbon, it is considered bullish. Reverse is true for a bearish trend. Combining the traditional CPR logic with the Hull trend ribbon, we can conclude that:
1. Bullish trend = Price above CPR and above the Hull ribbon
2. Bearish trend = Price below CPR and below the Hull ribbon
If the Hull ribbon is showing a zig-zag move, the trend will be sideways. Also, the time frame of the Hull ribbon can be defined as per the need of the user.
Exhibit: Identification of a bullish trend
Exhibit: Identification of a bullish trend with a contra move (pullback)
Exhibit: Identification of a bearish trend
Exhibit: Identification of a bearish trend with a contra move (pullback)
How to determine the strength of the trend?
1. Strong trend = The dark coloured candles represent volume more than 150% of the look back period. For instance
2. Moderate trend = The bright coloured candles represent volume between 50-150%.
3. Neutral trend = The Grey coloured candles represent a weak trend where the volume is less than 50%.
Exhibit: Identification of a strong bearish trend along with the trend direction
Exhibit: Identification of a strong bullish trend using only coloured candles
All the other indicators including the SMA, VWAP, Bollinger bands, Keltner channels, etc. can be used as per the taste of the trader.
Thanks for reading! I hope you find this indicator useful.
Happy learning. Cheers!
Rajat Kumar Singh (@johntradingwick)
Community Manager (India), TradingView
20-Day SMA BIAS%20-day Bias is a commonly used indicator in technical analysis. It is used to measure the gap between the stock price and its 20-day moving average to determine whether the stock price deviates from the normal state and whether there is an overbought or oversold phenomenon.
How to calculate the 20-day deviation value:
The calculation formula of the deviation rate is: ((closing price of the day - 20-day moving average price) / 20-day moving average price) * 100%.
Interpretation of 20-day deviation value:
Positive deviation rate:
Indicates that the stock price is higher than the 20-day moving average, which means that the stock price is high and may face correction pressure.
Negative deviation rate:
Indicates that the stock price is lower than the 20-day moving average, which means that the stock price is low and there may be a rebound opportunity.
Absolute value of the deviation rate:
The larger the absolute value, the higher the deviation of the stock price, and the higher the degree of overbought or oversold.
Apply the deviation rate to determine the buying and selling opportunities:
Positive deviation rate is too large:
When the positive deviation rate of the stock price from the 20-day moving average is too large, and the stock price is already at a high level, this may be a sell signal.
Negative deviation rate is too large:
When the negative deviation rate of the stock price from the 20-day moving average is too large, and the stock price is already at a low level, this may be a buy signal.
Stock price fluctuates around the moving average:
Stock price usually fluctuates around the moving average and adjusts after over-rising or over-falling.
Practical operation suggestions:
The standards of the market and individual stocks are different:
When the positive and negative deviation rate of the market and the quarterly line is greater than 5%, there is a greater chance of correction; large-cap stocks are between 5% and 10%; small and medium-sized stocks may be above 15% to 20%.
Combined with other indicators:
The deviation rate is only one of the technical analysis indicators. It is recommended to combine it with other indicators, such as KD indicators, RSI, etc., to make a comprehensive judgment and improve accuracy.
Reference to historical experience:
You can refer to the situation where the deviation rate of the stock was too large in the past to determine whether the current deviation rate is also too large.
Summary:
The 20-day deviation value is an indicator to determine whether the stock price is overbought or oversold, which can help investors determine the timing of buying and selling, but it needs to be combined with other indicators and historical data, and adjusted according to market conditions.
Market Matrix ViewThis technical indicator is designed to provide traders with a quick and integrated view of market dynamics by combining several popular indicators into a single tool. It's not a magic bullet, but a practical aid for analyzing buying/selling pressure, trends, volume, and divergences, saving you time in the decision-making process. Built for flexibility, the indicator adapts to various trading styles (scalping, swing, or long-term) and offers customizable settings to suit your needs.
🟡 Multi-Timeframe Trends
➤ This section displays the trend direction (bullish, bearish, or neutral) across 15-minute, 1-hour, 4-hour, and Daily timeframes, providing multi-timeframe market context. Timeframes lower than the one currently selected will show "N/A."
➤It utilizes fast and slow Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) for each timeframe:
15m: Fast EMA 42, Slow EMA 170
1h: Fast EMA 40, Slow EMA 100
4h: Fast EMA 36, Slow EMA 107
Daily: Fast EMA 20, Slow EMA 60
🟡 Smart Flow & RVOL
➤ This section displays "Buying Pressure" or "Selling Pressure" signals based on indicator confluence, alongside volume activity ("High Activity," "Normal Activity," or "Low Activity").
➤ Smart Flow combines Chaikin Money Flow (CMF) and Money Flow Index (MFI) to detect buying/selling pressure. CMF measures money flow based on price position within the high-low range, while MFI analyzes money flow considering typical price and volume. A signal is generated only when both indicators simultaneously increase/decrease beyond an adjustable threshold ("Buy/Sell Sensitivity") and volume exceeds a Simple Moving Average (SMA) scaled by the "Volume Multiplier."
➤ RVOL (Relative Volume) calculates relative volume separately for bullish and bearish candles, comparing recent volume (fast SMA) with a reference volume (slow SMA). Thresholds are adjusted based on the selected mode.
🟡 ADX & RSI
This section displays trend strength ("Strong," "Moderate," or "Weak"), its direction ("Bullish" or "Bearish"), and the RSI momentum status ("Overbought," "Oversold," "Buy/Sell Momentum," or "Neutral").
➤ ADX (Average Directional Index) measures trend strength (above 40 = "Strong," 20–40 = "Moderate," below 20 = "Weak"). Direction is determined by comparing +DI (upward movement) with -DI (downward movement). Additionally, an arrow indicates whether the trend's strength is decreasing or increasing.
➤RSI (Relative Strength Index) evaluates price momentum. Extreme levels (above 80/85 = "Overbought," below 15/20 = "Oversold") and intermediate zones (47–53 = "Neutral," above 53 = "Buy Momentum," below 47 = "Sell Momentum") are adjusted based on the selected mode.
🟡 When these signals are active for a potential trade setup, the table's background lights up green or red, respectively.
🟡 Volume Spikes
➤This feature highlights bars with significantly higher volume than the recent average, coloring them yellow on the chart to draw attention to intense market activity.
➤It uses the Z-Score method to detect volume anomalies. Current volume is compared to a 10-bar Simple Moving Average (SMA) and the standard deviation of volume over the same period. If the Z-Score exceeds a certain threshold, the bar is marked as a volume spike.
🟡 Divergences (Volume Divergence Detection)
➤ This feature marks divergences between price and technical indicators on the chart, using diamond-shaped labels (green for bullish divergences, red for bearish divergences) to signal potential trend reversals.
➤ It compares price deviations from a Simple Moving Average (SMA) with deviations of three indicators: Chaikin Money Flow (CMF), Money Flow Index (MFI), and On-Balance Volume (OBV). A bullish divergence occurs when price falls below its average, but CMF, MFI, and OBV rise above their averages, indicating hidden accumulation. A bearish divergence occurs when price rises above its average, but CMF, MFI, and OBV fall, suggesting distribution. The length of the moving averages is adjustable (default 13/10/5 bars for Scalping/Balanced/Swing), and detection thresholds are scaled by "Divergence Sensitivity" (default 1.0).
🟡 Adaptive Stop-Loss (ATR)
➤Draws dynamic stop-loss lines (red, dashed) on the chart for buy or sell signals, helping traders manage risk.Uses the Average True Range (ATR) to calculate stop-loss levels, set at low/high ± ATR × multiplier
🟡 Alerts for trend direction changes in the Info Panel:
➤ Triggers notifications when the trend shifts to Bullish (when +DI crosses above -DI) or Bearish (when +DI crosses below -DI), helping you stay informed about key market shifts.
How to use: Set alerts in Trading View for “Trend Changed to Bullish” or “Trend Changed to Bearish” with “Once Per Bar Close” for reliable signals.
🟡 Settings (Inputs)
➤ The indicator offers customizable settings to fit your trading style, but it's already optimized for Scalping (1m–15m), Balanced (16m–3h59m), and Swing (4h–Daily) modes, which automatically adjust based on the selected timeframe. The visible inputs allow you to adjust the following parameters:
Show Info Panel: Enables/disables the information panel (default: enabled).
Show Volume Spikes: Turns on/off coloring for volume spike bars (default: enabled).
Spike Sensitivity: Controls the Z-Score threshold for detecting volume spikes (default: 2.0; lower values increase signal frequency).
Show Divergence: Enables/disables the display of divergence labels (default: enabled).
Divergence Sensitivity: Adjusts the thresholds for divergence detection (default: 1.0; higher values reduce sensitivity).
Divergence Lookback Length: Sets the length of the moving averages used for divergences (default: 5, automatically adjusted to 13/10/5 for Scalping/Balanced/Swing).
RVOL Reference Period: Defines the reference period for relative volume (default: 20, automatically adjusted to 7/15/20).
RSI Length: Sets the RSI length (default: 14, automatically adjusted to 5/10/14).
Buy Sensitivity: Controls the increase threshold for Buying Pressure signals (default: 0.007; higher values reduce frequency).
Sell Sensitivity: Controls the decrease threshold for Selling Pressure signals (default: 0.007; higher values reduce frequency).
Volume Multiplier (B/S Pressure): Adjusts the volume threshold for Smart Flow signals (default: 0.6; higher values require greater volume).
🟡 This indicator is created to simplify market analysis, but I am not a professional in Pine Script or technical indicators. This indicator is not a standalone solution. For optimal results, it must be integrated into a well-defined trading strategy that includes risk management and other confirmations.
Asset Rotation System [InvestorUnknown]Overview
This system creates a comprehensive trend "matrix" by analyzing the performance of six assets against both the US Dollar and each other. The objective is to identify and hold the asset that is currently outperforming all others, thereby focusing on maintaining an investment in the most "optimal" asset at any given time.
- - - Key Features - - -
1. Trend Classification:
The system evaluates the trend for each of the six assets, both individually against USD and in pairs (assetX/assetY), to determine which asset is currently outperforming others.
Utilizes five distinct trend indicators: RSI (50 crossover), CCI, SuperTrend, DMI, and Parabolic SAR.
Users can customize the trend analysis by selecting all indicators or choosing a single one via the "Trend Classification Method" input setting.
2. Backtesting:
Calculates an equity curve for each asset and for the system itself, which assumes holding only the asset deemed optimal at any time.
Customizable start date for backtesting; by default, it begins either 5000 bars ago (the maximum in TradingView) or at the inception of the youngest asset included, whichever is shorter. If the youngest asset's history exceeds 5000 bars, the system uses 5000 bars to prevent errors.
The equity curve is dynamically colored based on the asset held at each point, with this coloring also reflected on the chart via barcolor().
Performance metrics like returns, standard deviation of returns, Sharpe, Sortino, and Omega ratios, along with maximum drawdown, are computed for each asset and the system's equity curve.
3 Alerts:
Supports alerts for when a new, confirmed optimal asset is identified. However, due to TradingView limitations, the specific asset cannot be included in the alert message.
- - - Usage - - -
1. Select Assets/Tickers:
Choose which assets or tickers you want to include in the rotation system. Ensure that all selected tickers are denominated in USD to maintain consistency in analysis.
2. Configure Trend Classification:
Decide on the trend classification method from the available options (RSI, CCI, SuperTrend, DMI, or Parabolic SAR, All) and adjust the settings to your preferences. This customization allows you to tailor the system to different market conditions or your specific trading strategy.
3. Utilize Backtesting for Calibration:
Use the backtesting results, including equity curves and performance metrics, to fine-tune your chosen trend indicators.
Be cautious not to overemphasize performance maximization, as this can lead to overfitting. The goal is to achieve a robust system that performs well across various market conditions, rather than just optimizing for past data.
- - - Parameters - - -
Tickers:
Asset 1: Select the symbol for the first asset.
Asset 2: Select the symbol for the second asset.
Asset 3: Select the symbol for the third asset.
Asset 4: Select the symbol for the fourth asset.
Asset 5: Select the symbol for the fifth asset.
Asset 6: Select the symbol for the sixth asset.
General Settings:
Trend Classification Method: Choose from RSI, CCI, SuperTrend, DMI, PSAR, or "All" to determine how trends are analyzed.
Use Custom Starting Date for Backtest: Toggle to use a custom date for beginning the backtest.
Custom Starting Date: Set the custom start date for backtesting.
Plot Perf. Metrics Table: Option to display performance metrics in a table on the chart.
RSI (Relative Strength Index):
RSI Source: Choose the price data source for RSI calculation.
RSI Length: Set the period for the RSI calculation.
CCI (Commodity Channel Index):
CCI Source: Select the price data source for CCI calculation.
CCI Length: Determine the period for the CCI.
SuperTrend:
SuperTrend Factor: Adjust the sensitivity of the SuperTrend indicator.
SuperTrend Length: Set the period for the SuperTrend calculation.
DMI (Directional Movement Index):
DMI Length: Define the period for DMI calculations.
Parabolic SAR:
PSAR Start: Initial acceleration factor for the Parabolic SAR.
PSAR Increment: Increment value for the acceleration factor.
PSAR Max Value: Maximum value the acceleration factor can reach.
Notes/Recommendations:
While this system is operational, it's important to recognize that it relies on "basic" indicators, which may not be ideal for generating trading signals on their own. I strongly suggest that users delve into the code to grasp the underlying logic of the system. Consider customizing it by integrating more sophisticated and higher-quality trend-following indicators to enhance its performance and reliability.
Disclaimer:
This system's backtest results are historical and do not predict future performance. Use for educational purposes only; not investment advice.