Aggregate PDH High Break Alert**Aggregate PDH High Break Alert**
**Overview**
The “Aggregate PDH High Break Alert” is a lightweight Pine Script v6 indicator designed to instantly notify you when today’s price breaks above any prior-day high in a user-defined lookback window. Instead of manually scanning dozens of daily highs, this script automatically loops through the last _N_ days (up to 100) and fires a single-bar alert the moment price eclipses a specific day’s high.
**Key Features**
- **Dynamic Lookback**: Choose any lookback period from 1 to 100 days via a single `High-Break Lookback` input.
- **Single Security Call**: Efficiently retrieves the entire daily-high series in one call to avoid TradingView’s 40-call security limit.
- **Automatic Looping**: Internally loops through each prior-day high, so there’s no need to manually code dozens of lines.
- **Custom Alerts**: Generates a clear, formatted alert message—e.g. “Crossed high from 7 day(s) ago”—for each breakout.
- **Lightweight & Maintainable**: Compact codebase (<15 lines) makes tweaking and debugging a breeze.
**Inputs**
- **High-Break Lookback (days)**: Number of past days to monitor for high breaks. Valid range: 1–100.
**How to Use**
1. **Add to Chart**: Open TradingView, click “Indicators,” then “Create,” and paste in the code.
2. **Configure Lookback**: In the script’s settings, set your desired lookback window (e.g., 20 for the past 20 days).
3. **Enable Alerts**: Right-click the indicator’s name on your chart, select “Add Alert on Aggregate PDH High Break Alert,” and choose “Once per bar close.”
4. **Receive Notifications**: Whenever price crosses above any of the specified prior-day highs, you’ll get an on-screen and/or mobile push alert with the exact number of days ago.
**Use Cases**
- **Trend Confirmation**: Confirm fresh bullish momentum when today’s high outpaces any of the last _N_ days.
- **Breakout Trading**: Automate entries off multi-day highs without manual chart scanning.
- **System Integration**: Integrate with alerts to trigger orders in third-party bots or webhook receivers.
**Disclaimer**
Breakouts alone do not guarantee sustained moves. Combine with your preferred risk management, volume filters, and other indicators for higher-probability setups. Use on markets and timeframes where daily breakout behavior aligns with your strategy.
Cari dalam skrip untuk "alert"
Mongoose Yield Spread Dashboard v5 – Labeled, Alerted, ReadableCurveGuard: Mongoose Edition
Track the macro tide before it turns.
This tool visualizes the three most-watched U.S. Treasury yield curve spreads:
2s10s (10Y - 2Y)
5s30s (30Y - 5Y)
3M10Y (10Y - 3M)
Each spread is plotted with dynamic color logic, inversion alerts, and floating labels. Background shading highlights historical inversion zones to help spot macro regime shifts in real time.
✅ Alert-ready
✅ Dark mode optimized
✅ Floating labels
✅ Clean layout for fast macro insight
📌 For educational and informational purposes only.
This script does not provide financial advice or trade recommendations.
Auto TrendLines [TradingFinder] Support Resistance Signal Alerts🔵 Introduction
The trendline is one of the most essential tools in technical analysis, widely used in financial markets such as Forex, cryptocurrency, and stocks. A trendline is a straight line that connects swing highs or swing lows and visually indicates the market’s trend direction.
Traders use trendlines to identify price structure, the strength of buyers and sellers, dynamic support and resistance zones, and optimal entry and exit points.
In technical analysis, trendlines are typically classified into three categories: uptrend lines (drawn by connecting higher lows), downtrend lines (formed by connecting lower highs), and sideways trends (moving horizontally). A valid trendline usually requires at least three confirmed touchpoints to be considered reliable for trading decisions.
Trendlines can serve as the foundation for a variety of trading strategies, such as the trendline bounce strategy, valid breakout setups, and confluence-based analysis with other tools like candlestick patterns, divergences, moving averages, and Fibonacci levels.
Additionally, trendlines are categorized into internal and external, and further into major and minor levels, each serving unique roles in market structure analysis.
🔵 How to Use
Trendlines are a key component in technical analysis, used to identify market direction, define dynamic support and resistance zones, highlight strategic entry and exit points, and manage risk. For a trendline to be reliable, it must be drawn based on structural principles—not by simply connecting two arbitrary points.
🟣 Selecting Pivot Types Based on Trend Direction
The first step is to determine the market trend: uptrend, downtrend, or sideways.
Then, choose pivot points that match the trend type :
In an uptrend, trendlines are drawn by connecting low pivots, especially higher lows.
In a downtrend, trendlines are formed by connecting high pivots, specifically lower highs.
It is crucial to connect pivots of the same type and structure to ensure the trendline is valid and analytically sound.
🟣 Pivot Classification
This indicator automatically classifies pivot points into two categories :
Major Pivots :
MLL : Major Lower Low
MHL : Major Higher Low
MHH : Major Higher High
MLH : Major Lower High
These define the primary structure of the market and are typically used in broader structural analysis.
Minor Pivots :
mLL: minor Lower Low
mHL: minor Higher Low
mHH: minor Higher High
mLH: minor Lower High
These are used for drawing more precise trendlines within corrective waves or internal price movements.
Example : In a downtrend, drawing a trendline from an MHH to an mHH creates structural inconsistency and introduces noise. Instead, connect points like MHL to MHL or mLH to mLH for a valid trendline.
🟣 Drawing High-Precision Trendlines
To ensure a reliable trendline :
Use pivots of the same classification (Major with Major or Minor with Minor).
Ensure at least three valid contact points (three touches = structural confirmation).
Draw through candles with the least deviation (choose wicks or bodies based on confluence).
Preferably draw from right to left for better alignment with current market behavior.
Use parallel lines to turn a single trendline into a trendline zone, if needed.
🟣 Using Trendlines for Trade Entries
Bounce Entry: When price approaches the trendline and shows signs of reversal (e.g., a reversal candle, divergence, or support/resistance), enter in the direction of the trend with a logical stop-loss.
Breakout Entry: When price breaks through the trendline with strong momentum and a confirmation (such as a retest or break of structure), consider trading in the direction of the breakout.
🟣 Trendline-Based Risk Management
For bounce entries, the stop-loss is placed below the trendline or the last pivot low (in an uptrend).
For breakout entries, the stop-loss is set behind the breakout candle or the last structural level.
A broken trendline can also act as an exit signal from a trade.
🟣 Combining Trendlines with Other Tools (Confluence)
Trendlines gain much more strength when used alongside other analytical tools :
Horizontal support and resistance levels
Moving averages (such as EMA 50 or EMA 200)
Fibonacci retracement zones
Candlestick patterns (e.g., Engulfing, Pin Bar)
RSI or MACD divergences
Market structure breaks (BoS / ChoCH)
🔵 Settings
Pivot Period : This defines how sensitive the pivot detection is. A higher number means the algorithm will identify more significant pivot points, resulting in longer-term trendlines.
Alerts
Alert :
Enable or disable the entire alert system
Set a custom alert name
Choose how often alerts trigger (every time, once per bar, or on bar close)
Select the time zone for alert timestamps (e.g., UTC)
Each trendline type supports two alert types :
Break Alert : Triggered when price breaks the trendline
React Alert : Triggered when price reacts or bounces off the trendline
These alerts can be independently enabled or disabled for all trendline categories (Major/Minor, Internal/External, Up/Down).
Display :
For each of the eight trendline types, you can control :
Whether to show or hide the line
Whether to delete the previous line when a new one is drawn
Color, line style (solid, dashed, dotted), extension direction (e.g., right only), and width
Major lines are typically thicker and more opaque, while minor lines appear thinner and more transparent.
All settings are designed to give the user full control over the appearance, behavior, and alert system of the indicator, without requiring manual drawing or adjustments.
🔵 Conclusion
A trendline is more than just a line on the chart—it is a structural, strategic, and flexible tool in technical analysis that can serve as the foundation for understanding price behavior and making trading decisions. Whether in trending markets or during corrections, trendlines help traders identify market direction, key zones, and high-potential entry and exit points with precision.
The accuracy and effectiveness of a trendline depend on using structurally valid pivot points and adhering to proper market logic, rather than relying on guesswork or personal bias.
This indicator is built to solve that exact problem. It automatically detects and draws multiple types of trendlines based on actual price structure, separating them into Major/Minor and Internal/External categories, and respecting professional analytical principles such as pivot type, trend direction, and structural location.
Engulfing Candles Alert - Multi Symbol (Miu)This indicator plots triangle shapes on each engulfing candles (bullish or bearish) on current chart.
The main use for this indication is to set alerts on multiple symbols at once.
Please follow steps below to set your alarms:
1) Add indicator to the chart
2) Go to settings
3) Check symbols you want to receive alerts (choose up to 8 different symbols)
4) Check if you want only bullish or bearish alerts or both
5) Once all is set go back to the chart and click on 3 dots to set alert in this indicator, rename your alert and confirm
6) You can remove indicator after alert is set and it'll keep working as expected
What does this indicator do?
This indicator will generate alerts anytime a candle closes and reaches bullish or bearish engulfing condition for any of symbol set.
Alert messages example: "Bullish alert on {Symbol}"
This script requests open and close information for each symbol through request.security() built-in function.
Detailed indicator description:
If current bar open is less than or equal to the previous bar close AND current bar open is less than previous bar open AND current bar close is greater than previous bar open THEN True
bullishEngulfing = (openBarCurrent <= closeBarPrevious) and (openBarCurrent < openBarPrevious) and (closeBarCurrent > openBarPrevious)
The opposite condition will be bearishEngulfing
Feel free to give feedbacks on comments section below. Enhancement suggestions are welcome =).
Enjoy!
Digital Clock with Market Status and AlertsDigital Clock with Market Status and Alerts - 日本語解説は下記
Overview:
The Digital Clock with Market Status and Alerts indicator is designed to display the current time in various global time zones while also providing the status of major financial markets such as Tokyo, London, and New York. This indicator helps traders monitor the open and close times of different markets and alerts them when a market opens. Customizable options are provided for table positioning, background, text colors, and font size.
Key Features:
Real-Time Digital Clock: The indicator shows the current time in your selected time zone (Asia/Tokyo, America/New_York, Europe/London, Australia/Sydney). The time updates in real-time and includes hours, minutes, and seconds, providing a convenient and accurate way to monitor time across different trading sessions.
Global Market Status: Displays the open or closed status of major financial markets.
・Tokyo Market: Open from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM (JST).
・London Market: Open from 16:00 to 24:00 during summer time and from 17:00 to 1:00 during winter time (JST).
・New York Market: Open from 21:00 to 5:00 during summer time and from 22:00 to 6:00 during winter time (JST).
Customizable Display:
・Background Color: The indicator allows you to set the background color for the clock display, while the leftmost empty cell can be independently customized with its own background color for table alignment.
・Clock and Market Status Colors: Separate color options are available for the clock text, market status during open, and market status during closed periods.
・Text Size: You can adjust the size of the text (small, normal, large) to fit your preferences.
・Table Position: You can position the digital clock and market status table in different locations on the chart: top left, top center, top right, bottom left, bottom center, and bottom right.
Alerts for Market Opening: The indicator will trigger alerts when a market (Tokyo, London, or New York) opens, notifying traders in real-time. This can help ensure that you don't miss any important market openings.
How to Use:
Setup:
Apply the Indicator: Add the Digital Clock with Market Status and Alerts indicator to your chart. Customize the time zone, text size, background colors, and table position based on your preferences.
Monitor Market Status: Watch the market status displayed for Tokyo, London, and New York to keep track of market openings and closings in real-time.
Receive Alerts: The indicator provides built-in alerts for market openings, helping you stay informed when a key market opens for trading.
Time Monitoring:
・Real-Time Clock: The current time is displayed with hours, minutes, and seconds for accurate tracking. The clock updates every second and reflects the selected time zone.
・Global Time Zones: Choose your desired time zone (Tokyo, New York, London, Sydney) to monitor the time most relevant to your trading strategy.
Market Status:
・Tokyo Market: The status will display "Tokyo OPEN" when the Tokyo market is active, and "Tokyo CLOSED" when it is outside of trading hours.
・London Market: Similarly, the indicator will show "London OPEN" or "London CLOSED" depending on whether the London market is currently active.
・New York Market: The New York market status follows the same structure, showing "NY OPEN" or "NY CLOSED."
Customization:
・Table Positioning: Easily move the table to the desired location on the chart to avoid overlap with other chart elements. The leftmost empty cell helps with alignment.
・Text and Background Color: Adjust the text and background colors to suit your personal preferences. You can also set independent colors for open and closed market statuses to easily distinguish between them.
Cautions and Disclaimer:
・Indicator Modifications: This indicator may be updated without prior notice, which could change or remove certain features.
・Trade Responsibility: This indicator is a tool to assist your trading, but responsibility for all trades remains with you. No guarantee of profit or success is implied, and losses can occur. Use it alongside your own analysis and strategy.
Digital Clock with Market Status and Alerts - 解説と使い方
概要:
Digital Clock with Market Status and Alerts インジケーターは、さまざまな世界のタイムゾーンで現在の時刻を表示し、東京、ロンドン、ニューヨークなどの主要な金融市場のステータスを提供します。このインジケーターにより、複数の市場のオープンおよびクローズ時間をリアルタイムで監視でき、市場がオープンする際にアラートを受け取ることができます。テーブルの位置、背景色、テキストカラー、フォントサイズなどのカスタマイズが可能です。
主な機能:
リアルタイムデジタル時計: 選択したタイムゾーン（東京、ニューヨーク、ロンドン、シドニー）の現在時刻を表示します。リアルタイムで更新され、時間、分、秒を正確に表示します。
世界の市場ステータス: 主要な金融市場のオープン/クローズ状況を表示します。
・東京市場: 午前9時～午後3時（日本時間）。
・ロンドン市場: 夏時間では16時～24時、冬時間では17時～1時（日本時間）。
・ニューヨーク市場: 夏時間では21時～5時、冬時間では22時～6時（日本時間）。
カスタマイズ可能な表示設定:
・背景色: 時計表示の背景色を設定できます。また、テーブルの左側に空白のセルを配置し、独立した背景色を設定することでテーブルの配置調整が可能です。
・時計と市場ステータスの色: 時計テキスト、オープン市場、クローズ市場の色を個別に設定できます。
・テキストサイズ: 小、標準、大から選択し、テキストサイズをカスタマイズ可能です。
・テーブル位置: デジタル時計と市場ステータスのテーブルをチャートのさまざまな場所（左上、中央上、右上、左下、中央下、右下）に配置できます。
市場オープン時のアラート: 市場（東京、ロンドン、ニューヨーク）がオープンするときにアラートを発し、リアルタイムで通知されます。これにより、重要な市場のオープン時間を逃さないようサポートします。
使い方:
セットアップ:
インジケーターを適用: チャートに「Digital Clock with Market Status and Alerts」インジケーターを追加し、タイムゾーン、テキストサイズ、背景色、テーブル位置を好みに応じてカスタマイズします。
市場ステータスを確認: 東京、ロンドン、ニューヨークの市場ステータスをリアルタイムで表示し、オープン/クローズ時間を把握できます。
アラートを受け取る: 市場オープン時のアラート機能により、重要な市場のオープンを見逃さないように通知が届きます。
時間管理:
・リアルタイム時計: 現在の時刻が秒単位で表示され、選択したタイムゾーンに基づいて正確に追跡できます。
・グローバルタイムゾーン: 東京、ニューヨーク、ロンドン、シドニーなど、トレードに関連するタイムゾーンを選択して監視できます。
市場ステータス:
・東京市場: 東京市場が開いていると「Tokyo OPEN」と表示され、閉じている場合は「Tokyo CLOSED」と表示されます。
・ロンドン市場: 同様に、「London OPEN」または「London CLOSED」が表示され、ロンドン市場のステータスを確認できます。
・ニューヨーク市場: ニューヨーク市場も「NY OPEN」または「NY CLOSED」で現在の状況が表示されます。
カスタマイズ:
・テーブル位置の調整: テーブルの位置を簡単に調整し、チャート上の他の要素と重ならないように配置できます。左側の空白セルで位置調整が可能です。
・テキストと背景色のカスタマイズ: テキストと背景の色を自分の好みに合わせて調整できます。また、オープン時とクローズ時の市場ステータスを区別するため、独立した色設定が可能です。
注意事項と免責事項:
・インジケーターの変更: このインジケーターは、予告なく変更や機能の削除が行われる場合があります。
・トレード責任: このインジケーターはトレードをサポートするツールであり、トレードに関する全責任はご自身にあります。利益を保証するものではなく、損失が発生する可能性があります。自分の分析や戦略と組み合わせて使用してください。
MA + MACD alert TrendsThis is a strategy/combination of warning indicators using 6MA+MACD.
The strategy details are as follows: This is a simple warning strategy created so that we don't have to monitor the candlestick chart too often.
Note: This isn't an entry strategy; it's a signaling strategy for upcoming trends. For maximum efficiency, we should incorporate more formulas into the command. In the case below, I use Fibonacci to enter the command.
This strategy setting works for a 15-minute time frame, but it can still work for different time frames.
It has been working well with Gold and USOIL for the last two years, as well as with currency pairs like EURUSD and many others.
Components:
EMA100 + EMA200 + MA400 + MA800
MACD (timeframe greater than 1 timeframe)
Fibonacci retreat.
Uptrend alert:
Candles on both EMAs (100-200) + 2 SMAs (400-800)
In the previous 80 candles:
EMA100 cross up to EMA200
At the same time, the MACD cross up 0.
The uptrend warning will trigger when EMA6 cuts down to MA10. That's when the price creates the top and we'll wait for the market to go back to the Fibonacci threshold of 0.618 and start buying (or wait for markets to break up the trendline to buy).
Downtrend alert:
Candles are below both EMAs ( 100-200 ) + 2 SMAs ( 400-800 )
In the previous 80 candles:
EMA100 cross down to EMA200
At the same time, the MACD cross down zero.
The downtrend warning will trigger when EMA6 cuts to MA10. That's when the price creates a bottom and we'll wait for the market to go back to the Fibonacci threshold of 0.618 and start selling (or wait for the market to break down the trendline to sell).
Recommended RR: 1:1
If you have any questions please let me know!
Signal generatorThis simple script generates signals for testing the connection from TradingView to a REST API client via the webhook and demonstrates very basic concepts of gerenating alerts within the script.
This script also demonstrates how to visualize when a buy or a sell should take place and how to use diagnostics text for bug fixes/informational purposes.
This is for testing and learning only. Do not use with real money as losses WILL occur. This script is for educational purposes only and should only be used with demo accounts, never with real money .
Buy signals are generated when closing price is less then opening price.
Sell Signals are generated when closing price is greater then opening price.
Can also be used to test signal counting and very rudimentary dollar cost averaging.
Higher order Orderblocks + Breakerblocks + Range + AlertsThis script identifies Orderblocks, Breakerblocks and Range using higher order pivots and priceaction logic.
I tried to reduce the number of blocks to make the chart cleaner, for this purpose I use only second order pivots for both MSB lines and supply/demand boxes, I also tried to filter out shifts in MS and false breakouts.
Any box has GRAY color until it gets tested.
After successful test box gets colors:
RED for Supply
GREEN for Demand
BLUE for any Breakerblocks
For cleaner chart and script speed all broken boxes deletes from chart.
It gives comparatively clean chart on any TF, even on extra small (5m, 3m, 1m).
For Range there is option to plot 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 lines.
I usually use log scale on charts and there is an option to use it for proper range mean.
In previous my scripts i have requests to make alerts and this time i made it.
It has customizable alert catching all needed alerts into one output:
- Alert MSB - when market structure changes alert will inform you about its direction, MSB line and new Demand/Supply.
- Alert Orderblock or Breakerblock test - alerts when block was tested and it holds (in other words when it get RED/GREEN/BLUE colors)
- Alert New Range - when new range detected
- Alert Range test - alerts when range top or botoom was tested and it holds.
some examples :
Profit Percentage TrackerThis script provides a quick and easy way to visualize profits in a chart, based on the given entry date and price.
Optionally, alerts can be sent when profits cross up the given " profit unit ".
In short:
Tracks how much profit one could take based on the input " entry date " and the input " entry price "
These inputs are interactive (www.tradingview.com)
Displays the result in a label on top of the last candle
(Optional) Sends alerts based on the given " profit unit ", that is: if ' 0.5 ' is given, then an alert is triggered every time the profit is raised by that number
(Be careful with low values, as TradingView could stop an alert if it triggers too much.)
For alerts to be displayed, a " script alert " must be created right after the script was added to the chart:
- www.tradingview.com
(Choose ' Profits ' as condition and ' Any alert() function call ')
Good to know: if you check " Notify on app ", alerts can be delivered directly to your phone:
i.imgur.com
Prerequirements :
The chart's timezone has to be set to " Exchange " (this is required in order to support the alert's logic):
- kodify.net
RSI Over EMA (Range Lines)This is another version of the RSI over EMA Trend Sniper script that I released here:
This one gives you better control across pairs wither higher volatility with the extra lines and more alert possibilities.
Here are the useful Alert functions within this indicator:
LONGS:
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing UP (Long Alert) on the Lower Green line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing UP (Long Alert) on the Upper Green line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing UP (Long Alert) on the Lower Amber line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing UP (Long Alert) on the Upper Amber line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing UP (Long Alert) on the Lower Red line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing UP (Long Alert) on the Upper Red line
SHORTS:
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing DOWN (Short Alert) on the Lower Green line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing DOWN (Short Alert) on the Upper Green line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing DOWN (Short Alert) on the Lower Amber line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing DOWN (Short Alert) on the Upper Amber line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing DOWN (Short Alert) on the Lower Red line
-Aqua line (RSI Line) - Crossing DOWN (Short Alert) on the Upper Red line
You can setup alerts for the Aqua line (RSI Line) 'crossing up' (Long Alert) or 'crossing down' (Short Alert) on any of the colored EMA lines.
By default the lines are spread out at 10/20/30 and that should cover high volatility charts. But, this is customizable and you can reduce the size of Green/Amber/Red lines to try and get a better more focused setup for whichever coin you are trading on. I have found this version of the RSI over EMA to work better with alt coins that are generally more volatile, but using it on Bitcoin works too.
I am using this for Cryptocurrency alerts, but not for automation to enter or exit a trade. It's important to only use this on normal candles, and only use it as a confirmation of a possible good entry or exit.
Bars Since Last EMA Touch
This indicator keeps track of how many bars since price touched any EMA last time. You can for example
set 200 EMA. Tell the script to send an alert if/when 400 bars has been reached away from the EMA 200.
- You can hide/show The EMA Line.
- You can hide/show bar Count.
- You can set X bars from EMA to get Alert.
- You can change color of The Badge and EMA line to fit your background colors.
Enjoy!
Another Indicator From The Hunter Trading Group
888 BOT #alerts█ 888 BOT #alerts (open source)
This is an Expert Advisor 'EA' or Automated trading script for ‘longs’ and ‘shorts’, which uses only a Take Profit or, in the worst case, a Stop Loss to close the trade.
It's a much improved version of the previous ‘Repanocha’. It doesn`t use 'Trailing Stop' or 'security ()' functions (although using a security function doesn`t mean that the script repaints) and all signals are confirmed, therefore the script doesn`t repaint in alert mode and is accurate in backtest mode.
Apart from the previous indicators, some more and other functions have been added for Stop-Loss, re-entry and leverage.
It uses 8 indicators, (many of you already know what they are, but in case there is someone new), these are the following:
1. Jurik Moving Average
It's a moving average created by Mark Jurik for professionals which eliminates the 'lag' or delay of the signal. It's better than other moving averages like EMA , DEMA , AMA or T3.
There are two ways to decrease noise using JMA . Increasing the 'LENGTH' parameter will cause JMA to move more slowly and therefore reduce noise at the expense of adding 'lag'
The 'JMA LENGTH', 'PHASE' and 'POWER' parameters offer a way to select the optimal balance between 'lag' and over boost.
Green: Bullish , Red: Bearish .
2. Range filter
Created by Donovan Wall, its function is to filter or eliminate noise and to better determine the price trend in the short term.
First, a uniform average price range 'SAMPLING PERIOD' is calculated for the filter base and multiplied by a specific quantity 'RANGE MULTIPLIER'.
The filter is then calculated by adjusting price movements that do not exceed the specified range.
Finally, the target ranges are plotted to show the prices that will trigger the filter movement.
Green: Bullish , Red: Bearish .
3. Average Directional Index ( ADX Classic) and ( ADX Masanakamura)
It's an indicator designed by Welles Wilder to measure the strength and direction of the market trend. The price movement is strong when the ADX has a positive slope and is above a certain minimum level 'ADX THRESHOLD' and for a given period 'ADX LENGTH'.
The green color of the bars indicates that the trend is bullish and that the ADX is above the level established by the threshold.
The red color of the bars indicates that the trend is down and that the ADX is above the threshold level.
The orange color of the bars indicates that the price is not strong and will surely lateralize.
You can choose between the classic option and the one created by a certain 'Masanakamura'. The main difference between the two is that in the first it uses RMA () and in the second SMA () in its calculation.
4. Parabolic SAR
This indicator, also created by Welles Wilder, places points that help define a trend. The Parabolic SAR can follow the price above or below, the peculiarity that it offers is that when the price touches the indicator, it jumps to the other side of the price (if the Parabolic SAR was below the price it jumps up and vice versa) to a distance predetermined by the indicator. At this time the indicator continues to follow the price, reducing the distance with each candle until it is finally touched again by the price and the process starts again. This procedure explains the name of the indicator: the Parabolic SAR follows the price generating a characteristic parabolic shape, when the price touches it, stops and turns ( SAR is the acronym for 'stop and reverse'), giving rise to a new cycle. When the points are below the price, the trend is up, while the points above the price indicate a downward trend.
5. RSI with Volume
This indicator was created by LazyBear from the popular RSI .
The RSI is an oscillator-type indicator used in technical analysis and also created by Welles Wilder that shows the strength of the price by comparing individual movements up or down in successive closing prices.
LazyBear added a volume parameter that makes it more accurate to the market movement.
A good way to use RSI is by considering the 50 'RSI CENTER LINE' centerline. When the oscillator is above, the trend is bullish and when it is below, the trend is bearish .
6. Moving Average Convergence Divergence ( MACD ) and ( MAC-Z )
It was created by Gerald Appel. Subsequently, the histogram was added to anticipate the crossing of MA. Broadly speaking, we can say that the MACD is an oscillator consisting of two moving averages that rotate around the zero line. The MACD line is the difference between a short moving average 'MACD FAST MA LENGTH' and a long moving average 'MACD SLOW MA LENGTH'. It's an indicator that allows us to have a reference on the trend of the asset on which it is operating, thus generating market entry and exit signals.
We can talk about a bull market when the MACD histogram is above the zero line, along with the signal line, while we are talking about a bear market when the MACD histogram is below the zero line.
There is the option of using the MAC-Z indicator created by LazyBear, which according to its author is more effective, by using the parameter VWAP ( volume weighted average price ) 'Z-VWAP LENGTH' together with a standard deviation 'STDEV LENGTH' in its calculation.
7. Volume Condition
Volume indicates the number of participants in this war between bulls and bears, the more volume the more likely the price will move in favor of the trend. A low trading volume indicates a lower number of participants and interest in the instrument in question. Low volumes may reveal weakness behind a price movement.
With this condition, those signals whose volume is less than the volume SMA for a period 'SMA VOLUME LENGTH' multiplied by a factor 'VOLUME FACTOR' are filtered. In addition, it determines the leverage used, the more volume , the more participants, the more probability that the price will move in our favor, that is, we can use more leverage. The leverage in this script is determined by how many times the volume is above the SMA line.
The maximum leverage is 8.
8. Bollinger Bands
This indicator was created by John Bollinger and consists of three bands that are drawn superimposed on the price evolution graph.
The central band is a moving average, normally a simple moving average calculated with 20 periods is used. ('BB LENGTH' Number of periods of the moving average)
The upper band is calculated by adding the value of the simple moving average X times the standard deviation of the moving average. ('BB MULTIPLIER' Number of times the standard deviation of the moving average)
The lower band is calculated by subtracting the simple moving average X times the standard deviation of the moving average.
the band between the upper and lower bands contains, statistically, almost 90% of the possible price variations, which means that any movement of the price outside the bands has special relevance.
In practical terms, Bollinger bands behave as if they were an elastic band so that, if the price touches them, it has a high probability of bouncing.
Sometimes, after the entry order is filled, the price is returned to the opposite side. If price touch the Bollinger band in the same previous conditions, another order is filled in the same direction of the position to improve the average entry price, (% MINIMUM BETTER PRICE ': Minimum price for the re-entry to be executed and that is better than the price of the previous position in a given %) in this way we give the trade a chance that the Take Profit is executed before. The downside is that the position is doubled in size. 'ACTIVATE DIVIDE TP': Divide the size of the TP in half. More probability of the trade closing but less profit.
█ STOP LOSS and RISK MANAGEMENT.
A good risk management is what can make your equity go up or be liquidated.
The % risk is the percentage of our capital that we are willing to lose by operation. This is recommended to be between 1-5%.
% Risk: (% Stop Loss x % Equity per trade x Leverage) / 100
First the strategy is calculated with Stop Loss, then the risk per operation is determined and from there, the amount per operation is calculated and not vice versa.
In this script you can use a normal Stop Loss or one according to the ATR. Also activate the option to trigger it earlier if the risk percentage is reached. '% RISK ALLOWED' wich is calculated according with: '%EQUITY ON EACH ENTRY'. Only works with Stop Loss on 'NORMAL' or 'BOTH' mode.
'STOP LOSS CONFIRMED': The Stop Loss is only activated if the closing of the previous bar is in the loss limit condition. It's useful to prevent the SL from triggering when they do a ‘pump’ to sweep Stops and then return the price to the previous state.
█ ALERTS
There is an alert for each leverage, therefore a maximum of 8 alerts can be set for 'long' and 8 for 'short', plus an alert to close the trade with Take Profit or Stop Loss in market mode. You can also place Take Profit limit and Stop Loss limit orders a few seconds after filling the position entry order.
- 'MAXIMUM LEVERAGE': It is the maximum allowed multiplier of the % quantity entered on each entry for 1X according to the volume condition.
- 'ADVANCE ALERTS': There is always a time delay from when the alert is triggered until it reaches the exchange and can be between 1-15 seconds. With this parameter, you can advance the alert by the necessary seconds to activate it earlier. In this way it can be synchronized with the exchange so that the execution time of the entry order to the position coincides with the opening of the bar.
The settings are for Bitcoin at Binance Futures (BTC: USDTPERP) in 15 minutes.
For other pairs and other timeframes, the settings have to be adjusted again. And within a month, the settings will be different because we all know the market and the trend are changing.
ATR with Impulse AlertsThis is a very simple script which simply plots an ATR (the built-in ATR function, using RMA) and plots a cross when the previously closed bar is larger than the ATR by a given threshold. There are also alert conditions set so you can be alerted when these impulse bars show up, either up or down bars. Have fun and safe trading!
MG - Fibonacci Alerts - 1.0This script allows a user to get alerts when the price goes within a certain percentage threshold of a Fibonacci level.
If connected with AutoView, it could allow an easy way to do automated range trading between Fibonacci levels. Although I plan to do this myself, I haven't used it for this purpose yet so please be cautious and verify with live results beforehand before using it for any automation.
NOTE: The image shown of the indicator is not fully correct as the close price is used. In many cases in the example image, the candle close price DID come within the alert threshold but closed outside the threshold
Usage:
1. User performs a Fibonacci retracement / extension analysis to identify a sensible high and low point. (Currently, this script is geared towards dip pullbacks during a bull market with the ability to toggle rise pullbacks in a bear market in the pipeline)
2. User enters the high and low points into this indicator
3. User can then set alerts on the buy and sell signals which should provide alerts at excellent entry / exit points.
a. Alerts must be created on the buy and sell signal bars. E.g. Buy signal => Alert when 'Buy Signal' crosses up '0.9'
4. Set the alerts to once per bar (not per close). In this indicator, we want to catch things as soon as they happen.
NOTE: Should use in conjunction with another indicator for maximize results.
I personally use this indicator ()
TODO
- Add negative alert levels
- Allow user to specify direction of Fib retracement as the levels are different in bull and bear markets
All feedback is welcome
2 hours ago
VWAP Double Touch Alert (Timeframe-Aware)📌 VWAP Double Touch Alert — Smart Re-entry Signal for Precision Traders
Take your VWAP trading to the next level with this intelligent indicator that filters out the noise and zeroes in on high-probability re-entry setups.
💡 How it works:
This script tracks every time price touches the VWAP line and alerts you when it happens twice within a defined window of time (adjustable per your timeframe). This is often a sign of smart money accumulation, potential reversals, or explosive breakouts.
🔍 Why Traders Love It:
✅ Filters out weak signals — only alerts on confirmed double touches
✅ Fully adjustable VWAP zone sensitivity
✅ Selectable timeframe profiles or custom window (1m, 5m, 15m, 30m, etc.)
✅ Clean visual cues with minimal chart clutter
✅ Perfect for scalping, intraday reversals, or VWAP mean-reversion strategies
⚙️ Customization:
VWAP zone width (in %)
Time window in bars or automatic based on timeframe
Custom alert messages
Alert only triggers once per double-touch event to avoid spamming
🎯 Best For:
Crypto scalpers & day traders
VWAP bounce and mean-reversion traders
Traders who want clean, conclusive entry alerts without lag
EMA Crossover Strategy with Trailing Stop and AlertsPowerful EMA Crossover Strategy with Dynamic Trailing Stop and Real-Time Alerts
This strategy combines the simplicity and effectiveness of EMA crossovers with a dynamic trailing stop-loss mechanism for robust risk management.
**Key Features:**
* **EMA Crossover Signals:** Identifies potential trend changes using customizable short and long period Exponential Moving Averages.
* **Trailing Stop-Loss:** Automatically adjusts the stop-loss level as the price moves favorably, helping to protect profits and limit downside risk. The trailing stop percentage is fully adjustable.
* **Visual Buy/Sell Signals:** Clear buy (green upward label) and sell (red downward label) signals are plotted directly on the price chart.
* **Customizable Inputs:** Easily adjust the lengths of the short and long EMAs, as well as the trailing stop percentage, to optimize the strategy for different assets and timeframes.
* **Real-Time Alerts:** Receive instant alerts for buy and sell signals, ensuring you don't miss potential trading opportunities.
**How to Use:**
1. Add the strategy to your TradingView chart.
2. Customize the "Short EMA Length," "Long EMA Length," and "Trailing Stop Percentage" in the strategy's settings.
3. Enable alerts in TradingView to receive notifications when buy or sell signals are generated.
This strategy is intended to provide automated trading signals based on EMA crossovers with built-in risk management. Remember to backtest thoroughly on your chosen instruments and timeframes before using it for live trading.
#EMA
#Crossover
#TrailingStop
#Strategy
#TradingView
#TechnicalAnalysis
#Alerts
#TradingStrategy
Ceres Trader NYSE Tick Indicator With Threshold AlertsThe Ceres Trader NYSE Tick Indicator provides real-time alerts for significant shifts in the NYSE Tick, empowering traders to identify potential overbought and oversold market conditions. It displays labels directly on the chart when the Tick reaches predefined thresholds, offering a clear and immediate visual representation of market sentiment.
Key Features:
Threshold-Based Alerts:
Highlights "High Tick" and "Low Tick" conditions when the Tick exceeds user-defined thresholds (default: 400 and -400).
Identifies "Extreme High Tick" and "Extreme Low Tick" conditions for more significant shifts (adjusted default: 800 and -800).
Visual Labels:
Displays colored labels directly on the price chart, indicating the type of Tick event and its value.
Green labels signal potential overbought conditions, while red labels indicate potential oversold conditions.
Low tick labels are placed below the price bar, and high tick labels are placed above the price bar for improved visibility.
Real-Time Data:
Utilizes the NYSE Tick symbol ("TICK") to provide up-to-the-minute market data.
User-Friendly Design:
Simple and intuitive design, suitable for traders of all experience levels.
How to Use:
Add the "Ceres Trader NYSE Tick Indicator with Threshold Alerts" to your TradingView chart.
Observe the colored labels that appear when the Tick reaches the specified thresholds.
Use these alerts to identify potential trading opportunities based on overbought or oversold market conditions.
Consider adjusting the threshold values within the indicator settings to align with your specific trading strategy.
Delta Volume Histogram with Filters and AlertsОписание (Russian):
Индикатор "Delta Volume Histogram" определяет дельту объёма и отображает её в виде гистограммы. Он показывает разницу между объёмами покупок и продаж, с возможностью фильтрации значений и вызова алертов.
Функции:
Фильтр для отображения только значений выше заданного порога.
Режим отображения всех значений выше нуля.
Алерт при появлении дельты, превышающей установленный фильтр.
Description (English):
The "Delta Volume Histogram" indicator calculates volume delta and displays it as a histogram. It highlights the difference between buy and sell volumes, with options for filtering values and triggering alerts.
Features:
Filter to display only values above a specified threshold.
**Features (continued):**
- Mode to display both positive and negative delta values above the zero line for better visualization.
- Alert functionality that notifies you when the delta volume exceeds the specified filter value.
This indicator is ideal for traders who want to track buying and selling pressure in the market, helping to identify strong movements and potential reversals based on volume delta analysis.
Wick Length Display + Alert conditionsDescription of the Wick Length Display (Advanced) script
Originality and purpose of the script
The Wick Length Display (Advanced) script is an innovative tool for traders who want to gain detailed insights into the length of candle wicks. It stands out for its versatility and user-friendly customization options. It combines precise technical calculations with visual representation to provide important information about market movements and dynamics right on the chart.
Functionality
The script calculates and displays the length of the upper and lower wicks of each candle on the chart. It also provides additional visual cues such as:
• “Bull pressure”: When green candles do not have upper wicks, this indicates strong buying pressure.
• “Bear pressure”: When red candles do not have lower wicks, this indicates strong selling pressure.
• Threshold conditions: Only displays wicks that exceed a certain threshold (optional).
• Display in pips: Allows you to display wick lengths in pips, which is useful for forex traders.
How it works
The script analyzes each candle using the following calculations:
1. Wick length calculation:
◦ Upper wick length = High - (top of the body)
◦ Lower wick length = (bottom of the body) - Low
2. Display conditions:
◦ It distinguishes between bullish and bearish candles.
◦ It checks if the calculated wicks exceed the defined thresholds before displaying them.
3. Dynamic labels:
◦ Labels are placed above or below the respective candles.
◦ Size, color and type of labels are fully customizable.
4. Limitation of labels:
◦ To ensure clarity, a maximum number of labels is defined.
Usage
1. Customization:
◦ Open the script in the Pine Script Editor in TradingView.
◦ Use the input options to customize parameters such as color selection, label size, thresholds and other details according to your requirements.
2. Enable thresholds:
◦ Enable thresholds to show labels only for relevant wicks (default is 6).
◦ Define the minimum wick lengths for bullish (green) and bearish (red) candles.
3. Show in pips:
◦ Enable the “Show wick length in pips” option to show the results in pips (especially suitable for Forex).
4. Edit pressure labels:
◦ Turn the “Bull Pressure” and “Bear Pressure” features on or off depending on your analysis settings.
Concepts behind the calculations
• Technical market analysis: Wick lengths can indicate buying or selling pressure and provide important information on market psychology.
• Thresholds and filtering: The script uses thresholds to avoid visual overload and highlight only essential data.
• Label display: Dynamic labels improve chart readability and give the user instant feedback on market developments.
Usage
This script is great for:
• Intraday trading: Analyzing short-term movements using wick lengths.
• Forex trading: Tracking market momentum using the pip indicator.
• Swing trading: Identifying buying or selling pressure in key markets.
• Visual support: Ideal for traders who prefer a graphical display.
Description of the Wick Length Display (Advanced) script
Originality and purpose of the script
The Wick Length Display (Advanced) script is an innovative tool for traders who want to gain detailed insights into the length of candle wicks. It stands out for its versatility and user-friendly customization options. It combines precise technical calculations with visual representation to provide important information about market movements and dynamics right on the chart.
Functionality
The script calculates and displays the length of the upper and lower wicks of each candle on the chart. It also provides additional visual cues such as:
• “Bull pressure”: When green candles do not have upper wicks, this indicates strong buying pressure.
• “Bear pressure”: When red candles do not have lower wicks, this indicates strong selling pressure.
• Threshold conditions: Only displays wicks that exceed a certain threshold (optional).
• Display in pips: Allows you to display wick lengths in pips, which is useful for forex traders.
How it works
The script analyzes each candle using the following calculations:
1. Wick length calculation:
◦ Upper wick length = High - (top of the body)
◦ Lower wick length = (bottom of the body) - Low
2. Display conditions:
◦ It distinguishes between bullish and bearish candles.
◦ It checks if the calculated wicks exceed the defined thresholds before displaying them.
3. Dynamic labels:
◦ Labels are placed above or below the respective candles.
◦ Size, color and type of labels are fully customizable.
4. Limitation of labels
Alert conditions:
Alerts are triggered when the wick length of a bullish or bearish candle exceeds the defined thresholds.
Alert function:
alert() is used to issue messages with a frequency of once per candle when the conditions are met.
How to set up alerts
Save the script and add it to your chart.
Open the alert settings in TradingView.
Select the script's custom message as a trigger.
Adjust the frequency and notification type (popup, email, etc.).
Now you have a powerful tool with visual analysis and alert function!
Bitcoin Cycle High/Low with functional Alert [heswaikcrypt]Introduction
Just as machines are fine-tuned for maximum efficiency, trading indicators must evolve to meet the demands of ever-changing markets.
Credit goes to the initial author, @NoCreditsLeft I only improved the existing Pi-cycle indicator with a functional alert and included a bull mode indicator in the script. The alert can help you get a live alert at candle close when the cycle tops, bottoms, and the potential bull phase switch occurs.
Philip Swift’s Pi Cycle Top Indicator is a brilliant example of leveraging mathematical relationships to signal critical turning points in Bitcoin’s price cycles. Historically, it has identified market and local tops with some relative accuracy, often within three days, as demonstrated in all the previous bull run cycles.
At its core, the Pi Cycle Indicator derives its name from the mathematical constant π (pi), achieved by using simple moving averages (MAs) in a specific ratio: 𝜋 = Long MA/short MA
The Bull mode switch is calculated using a crossover of the short exponentia moving average and the long moving average.
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Knowing when Bitcoin reaches its top—and receiving timely alerts about it—is crucial for successful trading. The indicator is designed to signal;
Potential Bitcoin tops: Purple label
Potential Bitcoin bottoms : green Label, and
Parabolic swing : Yellow diamond shape (relating to the market switching to a potential bull mode)
"Please note: This indicator is tailored for Bitcoin using historical data analysis and should not be considered definitive. However accurate it might be."
Setting alerts
To set the alert conditions, select any alert function call to get alert whenever the conditions are met. The script is configured on dialy TF; you can set it on 1D or weekly TF.
Enjoy and Trade smartly
SPX Open vs SMA AlertThis indicator is specifically designed to identify the first market-relevant candle of the S&P 500 (SPX) after the market opens. The opening price of the trading day is compared to a customizable simple moving average (SMA) period. A visual marker and an alert are triggered when the opening price is above the SMA. Perfect for traders seeking early market trends or integrating automated trading strategies.
Features:
Market Open: The indicator uses the New York market open time (09:30 ET), accounting for time zones and daylight saving time changes.
Flexible Time Offset: Users can set a time offset to trigger alerts after the market opens.
Customizable SMA: The SMA period is adjustable, with a default value of 10.
Visual Representation: A step-line SMA is plotted directly on the chart with subtle transparency and clean markers.
Alert Functionality: Alerts are triggered when conditions are met (opening price > SMA).
Usage:
This indicator is ideal for identifying relevant trading signals early in the session.
Alerts can also serve as triggers for automated trading, e.g., in conjunction with the Trading Automation Toolbox.
Supports both intraday and daily charts.
Alarm Settings:
Select the appropriate symbol (e.g., SPX) and the alert condition "SPX Open > SMA10".
Trigger Settings:
Choose "Once Per Bar Close" to ensure the condition is evaluated at the end of each candle.
If you prefer to evaluate the condition immediately when it becomes true, choose "Once Per Minute".
Duration:
Set the alarm to "Open-ended" if you want it to remain active indefinitely.
Alternatively, set a specific expiration date for the alarm.
Enhanced Trading Alerts# Enhanced Multi-Symbol EMA Trading System with Smart Alerts
## 📊 Overview
A powerful multi-symbol trading system that monitors up to 6 symbols simultaneously for high-probability trading setups using advanced EMA crossover strategies, enhanced with volume confirmation and RSI filters. Perfect for swing traders and position traders focusing on quality tech stocks.
## 🎯 Key Features
- **Multi-Symbol Monitoring**: Simultaneously tracks 6 different symbols
- **Advanced EMA Strategy**: Uses dual EMA system (320 & 820 periods) for trend confirmation
- **Volume Validation**: Confirms signals with volume surge analysis
- **RSI Filter**: Adds momentum confirmation to avoid false signals
- **Smart Risk Management**: Automatic stop-loss and take-profit calculations
- **Detailed Alerts**: Comprehensive alert messages with key price levels
## 📈 Trading Signals
### Buy Signals Generated When:
- Price crosses above the slow EMA (820)
- Fast EMA (320) confirms the trend
- RSI is in optimal range (not overbought)
- Volume surge confirms the movement
- Risk levels automatically calculated
### Sell Signals Generated When:
- Price crosses below the slow EMA (820)
- Fast EMA (320) confirms the downtrend
- RSI confirms momentum shift
- Volume surge validates the movement
## ⚙️ Customizable Parameters
- **EMA Lengths**: Adjust fast and slow EMA periods
- **Volume Threshold**: Set minimum volume surge multiplier
- **RSI Settings**: Customize overbought/oversold levels
- **Risk Management**: Adjustable stop-loss and take-profit percentages
- **Symbol Selection**: Choose any 6 symbols to monitor
## 🎨 Visual Elements
- Blue line: Fast EMA (320)
- Red line: Slow EMA (820)
- Purple line: RSI indicator
- Clear visual representation of trend changes
## 📱 Smart Alerts
Detailed alert messages include:
- Symbol name and signal type
- Current price level
- RSI value
- Stop-loss price
- Take-profit target
- Volume surge multiplier
## 💡 Best Practices
1. **Timeframe Selection**:
- Best suited for 1H, 4H, or Daily timeframes
- Can be adapted for swing or position trading
2. **Risk Management**:
- Use suggested stop-loss levels
- Follow take-profit targets
- Consider volume confirmation strength
3. **Multiple Chart Setup**:
- Create multiple instances for more symbols
- Group correlated assets together
- Use different alert sounds for different setups
## 🎓 Usage Tips
- Monitor strongest tech stocks for best results
- Combine with market sentiment analysis
- Use volume surge as quality filter
- Wait for all conditions to align before trading
- Consider overall market conditions
## ⚠️ Risk Warning
This indicator is for informational purposes only. Always conduct your own analysis and consider your risk tolerance before trading. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
## 📌 Version History
- v1.0: Initial release with multi-symbol support
- v1.1: Added volume surge confirmation
- v1.2: Enhanced alert system with risk levels
- v1.3: Added RSI filter and improved signal quality
## 🔄 Regular Updates
Subscribe to this script for regular updates and improvements. Feel free to suggest features in the comments section.
## 📗 Default Symbols
- TSLA (Tesla)
- NVDA (NVIDIA)
- AVGO (Broadcom)
- TSM (Taiwan Semiconductor)
- META (Meta Platforms)
- AMZN (Amazon)
You can customize these symbols to match your trading preferences.
Good luck trading! 🍀
Cumulative Volume Delta Custom AlertDescription
This script calculates and visualizes the Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD) on multiple timeframes, enabling traders to monitor volume-based price action dynamics. The CVD is calculated based on up and down volume approximations and displayed as a candle plot, with color-coded alerts when significant changes occur.
Key Features:
Multi-Timeframe Analysis: The script uses a customizable anchor period and a lower timeframe for scanning, allowing it to capture more granular volume movements.
Volume-Based Trend Detection: Plots CVD candles with color indicators (teal for increasing volume delta, red for decreasing), helping traders to visually track volume trends.
Dynamic Alerts for Volume Shifts:
Triggers an alert when there is a significant (over 25%) change in CVD between consecutive periods.
The alert marker color adapts based on the current CVD value:
Blue when the current CVD is positive.
Yellow when the current CVD is negative.
Markers are placed above bars for volume increases and below for volume decreases, simplifying visual analysis.
Customizable Background Highlight: Adds a background highlight to emphasize significant CVD changes.
Use Cases:
Momentum Detection: Traders can use alerts on large volume delta changes to identify potential trend reversals or continuation points.
Volume-Driven Analysis: CVD helps distinguish buy and sell pressure across different timeframes, ideal for volume-based strategies.
How to Use
Add the script to your TradingView chart.
Configure the anchor and lower timeframes in the input settings.
Set up alerts to receive notifications when a 25% change in CVD occurs, with color-coded markers for easy identification.
