Long / Short OI Build Up ntroduction
The "Long / Short OI Build Up" script is designed to identify potential long or short build-up opportunities based on changes in open interest (OI) and price movements. Open interest refers to the total number of outstanding contracts for a financial asset, such as futures or options, that have not been settled. This script provides insights into whether there is a build-up of long positions (bullish sentiment) or short positions (bearish sentiment) in the market.
Script Overview
Indicator Overlay: This script functions as an overlay indicator, meaning it plots its output on the price chart.
Input Customization: Users can customize the symbol for which they want to analyze open interest data. Additionally, they can adjust parameters like the percentage change in open interest and price to define build-up conditions.
Dashboard Display: The script includes a dashboard feature that displays the build-up analysis at a chosen location on the chart.
Build-Up Analysis: Based on the defined criteria, the script identifies whether there is a long build-up (bullish) or short build-up (bearish) scenario. It calculates the change in open interest and price and compares them against user-defined thresholds.
Table Visualization: The results of the analysis are presented in a table format, showing the build-up type, percentage change in open interest, and percentage change in price.
Usage
Override Symbol: Users can choose to override the default symbol for analysis by selecting this option and entering the desired symbol.
Price Change Percentage: Set the percentage change in price that should trigger a build-up signal.
OI Change Percentage: Define the percentage change in open interest necessary to signal a build-up scenario.
Dashboard Location: Choose the location on the chart where the build-up analysis table will be displayed (options include Top Right, Bottom Right, and Bottom Left).
Interpretation
Build Up: Indicates whether there is a long build-up (green) or short build-up (red) based on the defined criteria.
OI Change: Shows the percentage change in open interest relative to the previous value. Positive values are highlighted in green, indicating an increase, while negative values are highlighted in red, indicating a decrease.
Price Change: Displays the percentage change in price relative to the previous close. Positive values are highlighted in green for price increase, while negative values are highlighted in red for price decrease.
Conclusion
The "Long / Short OI Build Up" script provides traders with valuable insights into potential bullish or bearish build-up scenarios based on changes in open interest and price movements. By customizing parameters and visualizing the analysis on a chart dashboard, traders can make more informed decisions regarding their trading strategies.
Cari dalam skrip untuk "open interest"
Liquidation Levels on OIThis indicator is used to display estimated contract liquidation prices. When there are dense liquidation areas on the chart, it indicates that there may be a lot of liquidity at that price level. The horizontal lines of different colors on the chart represent different leverage ratios. See below for details.
Let me introduce the principle behind this indicator:
1. When position trading volume increases or decreases significantly higher than usual levels in a specific candlestick chart, it indicates that a large number of contracts were opened during that period. We use the 60-day moving average change as a benchmark line. If the position trading volume changes more than 1.2x, 2x or 3x its MA60 value, it is considered small, medium or large abnormal increase or decrease.
2. This indicator takes an approximate average between high, open, low and close prices of that candlestick as opening price.
3. Since contracts involve liquidity provided by both buyers and sellers with equal amounts of long and short positions corresponding to each contract respectively; since we cannot determine actual settlement prices for contract positions; therefore this indicator estimates settlement prices instead which marks five times (5x), ten times (10x), twenty-five times (25x), fifty times (50x) and one hundred times (100x) long/short settlement prices corresponding to each candlestick chart generating liquidation lines with different colors representing different leverage levels.
4. We can view areas where dense liquidation lines appear as potential liquidation zones which will have high liquidity.
5. We can adjust orders based on predicted liquidation areas because most patterns in these areas will be quickly broken.
6. We provide a density histogram to display the liquidation density of each price range.
Special thanks to the following TradingView community members for providing open-source indicators and contributing to the development of this indicator!
Liquidation - @Mysterysauce
Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital
Regarding the relationship with the above-mentioned open source indicators:
1. Indicator Liquidation - @Mysterysauce can also draw a liquidation line in the chart, but:
(1) Our indicator generates a liquidation line based on abnormal changes in open interest; their indicator generates a liquidation line based on trading volume.
(2) Our indicator will generate both long and short liquidation lines at the same time; their indicator will only generate a liquidation line in a single direction.
We refer to their method of drawing liquidation lines when drawing our own.
2. Indicator Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital obtained OI data for Binance USDT perpetual contracts in the code. We refer to their method of obtaining OI data in our code.
============= 中文版本 =============
此指标用于显示估计合约清算价格。当图表上有密集的清算区域时，表示该价格水平可能存在大量流动性。图表上不同颜色的水平线代表不同杠杆比率。详情请参见下面的说明。
让我介绍一下这个指标背后的原理：
1. 当特定蜡烛图对应的合约仓位增加量（OI Delta）显著高于通常水平时，表示在那段时间有大量合约开仓。我们使用OI Delta的60日移动均线作为基准线。如果OI Delta超过其MA60值的1.2倍、2倍或3倍，则认为是小型、中型或大型的异常OI Delta。
2. 该指标将上述蜡烛图高、开、低和收盘价的平均值作为近似的合约开仓价。
3. 由于合约涉及买方和卖方之间相互提供流动性，每个合约对应相等数量的多头和空头头寸。由于我们无法确定合约头寸的实际清算价格，因此该指标估计了清算价格。它标记了与该蜡烛图相对应的多头和空头5倍、10倍、25倍、50倍和100倍的清算价格，生成清算线。不同杠杆水平用不同颜色表示。
4. 我们可以将出现密集清算线的区域视为潜在的清算区域。这些区域将具有高流动性。
5. 我们可以根据预测到的清算区域调整自己的订单，因为根据规律，这些清算区域大部分都会很快被击穿。
6. 我们提供了密度直方图来显示每个价格范围的清算密度
特别感谢以下TradingView社区成员提供开源指标并为该指标的开发做出贡献！
Liquidation - @Mysterysauce
Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital
与上述开源指标的关系：
1. 指标Liquidation - @Mysterysauce也可以在图中绘制清算线，但是：
（1）我们的指标是基于open interest的异常变化生成的清算线；他们的指标是基于成交量生成的清算线
（2）我们的指标会同时生成多头和空头清算线；他们的指标仅会在单一方向生成清算线
我们的指标在绘制清算线上参考了他们绘制清算线的方式
2. 指标Open Interest Delta - By Leviathan - @LeviathanCapital在代码中获取了Binance USDT永续合约的OI数据。我们在代码中参考他们获取OI数据的方式
LibraryCOT█ OVERVIEW
This library is a Pine programmer's tool that provides functions to access Commitment of Traders (COT) data for futures. Four of our scripts use it:
• Commitment of Traders: Legacy Metrics
• Commitment of Traders: Disaggregated Metrics
• Commitment of Traders: Financial Metrics
• Commitment of Traders: Total
If you do not program in Pine and want to use COT data, please see the indicators linked above.
█ CONCEPTS
Commitment of Traders (COT) data is tallied by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) , a US federal agency that oversees the trading of derivative markets such as futures in the US. It is weekly data that provides traders with information about open interest for an asset. The CFTC oversees derivative markets traded on different exchanges, so COT data is available for assets that can be traded on CBOT, CME, NYMEX, COMEX, and ICEUS.
Accessing COT data from a Pine script requires the generation of a ticker ID string for use with request.security() . The ticker string must be encoded in a special format that includes both CFTC and TradingView-specific content. The format of the ticker IDs is somewhat complex; this library's functions make their generation easier. Note that if you know the COT ticker ID string for specific data, you can enter it from the chart's "Symbol Search" dialog box.
A ticker for COT data in Pine has the following structure:
COT:__<_metricDirection><_metricType>
where an underscore prefixing a component name inside <> is only included if the component is not a null string, and:
Is a digit representing the type of the COT report the data comes from: "" for legacy COT data, "2" for disaggregated data and "3" for financial data.
Is a six digit code that represents a commodity. Example: wheat futures (root "ZW") have the code "001602".
Is either "F" if the report data should exclude Options data, or "FO" if such data is included.
Is the TradingView code of the metric. This library's `metricNameAndDirectionToTicker()` function creates both
the and components of a COT ticker from the metric names and directions listed in the above chart.
The different metrics are explained in the CFTC's Explanatory Notes .
Is the direction of the metric: "Long", "Short", "Spreading" or "No direction".
Not all directions are applicable to all metrics. The valid ones are listed next to each metric in the above chart.
Is the type of the metric, possible values are "All", "Old" and "Other".
The difference between the types is explained in the "Old and Other Futures" section of the CFTC's Explanatory Notes .
As an example, the Legacy report Open Interest data for ZW futures (options included) in the old standard has the ticker "COT:001602_FO_OI_OLD". The same data using the current standard without futures has the ticker "COT:001602_F_OI".
█ USING THE LIBRARY
The first functions in the library are helper functions that generate components of a COT ticker ID. The last function, `COTTickerid()`, is the one that generates the full ticker ID string by calling some of the helper functions. We use it like this in our example:
exampleTicker = COTTickerid(
COTType = "Legacy",
CFTCCode = convertRootToCOTCode("Auto"),
includeOptions = false,
metricName = "Open Interest",
metricDirection = "No direction",
metricType = "All")
This library's chart displays the valid values for the `metricName` and `metricDirection` arguments. They vary for each of the three types of COT data (the `COTType` argument). The chart also displays the COT ticker ID string in the `exampleTicker` variable.
Look first. Then leap.
The library's functions are:
rootToCFTCCode(root)
Accepts a futures root and returns the relevant CFTC code.
Parameters:
root : Root prefix of the future's symbol, e.g. "ZC" for "ZC1!"" or "ZCU2021".
Returns: The part of a COT ticker corresponding to `root`, or "" if no CFTC code exists for the `root`.
currencyToCFTCCode(curr)
Converts a currency string to its corresponding CFTC code.
Parameters:
curr : Currency code, e.g., "USD" for US Dollar.
Returns: The corresponding to the currency, if one exists.
optionsToTicker(includeOptions)
Returns the part of a COT ticker using the `includeOptions` value supplied, which determines whether options data is to be included.
Parameters:
includeOptions : A "bool" value: 'true' if the symbol should include options and 'false' otherwise.
Returns: The part of a COT ticker: "FO" for data that includes options and "F" for data that doesn't.
metricNameAndDirectionToTicker(metricName, metricDirection)
Returns a string corresponding to a metric name and direction, which is one component required to build a valid COT ticker ID.
Parameters:
metricName : One of the metric names listed in this library's chart. Invalid values will cause a runtime error.
metricDirection : Metric direction. Possible values are: "Long", "Short", "Spreading", and "No direction".
Valid values vary with metrics. Invalid values will cause a runtime error.
Returns: The part of a COT ticker ID string, e.g., "OI_OLD" for "Open Interest" and "No direction",
or "TC_L" for "Traders Commercial" and "Long".
typeToTicker(metricType)
Converts a metric type into one component required to build a valid COT ticker ID.
See the "Old and Other Futures" section of the CFTC's Explanatory Notes for details on types.
Parameters:
metricType : Metric type. Accepted values are: "All", "Old", "Other".
Returns: The part of a COT ticker.
convertRootToCOTCode(mode, convertToCOT)
Depending on the `mode`, returns a CFTC code using the chart's symbol or its currency information when `convertToCOT = true`.
Otherwise, returns the symbol's root or currency information. If no COT data exists, a runtime error is generated.
Parameters:
mode : A string determining how the function will work. Valid values are:
"Root": the function extracts the futures symbol root (e.g. "ES" in "ESH2020") and looks for its CFTC code.
"Base currency": the function extracts the first currency in a pair (e.g. "EUR" in "EURUSD") and looks for its CFTC code.
"Currency": the function extracts the quote currency ("JPY" for "TSE:9984" or "USDJPY") and looks for its CFTC code.
"Auto": the function tries the first three modes (Root -> Base Currency -> Currency) until a match is found.
convertToCOT : "bool" value that, when `true`, causes the function to return a CFTC code.
Otherwise, the root or currency information is returned. Optional. The default is `true`.
Returns: If `convertToCOT` is `true`, the part of a COT ticker ID string.
If `convertToCOT` is `false`, the root or currency extracted from the current symbol.
COTTickerid(COTType, CTFCCode, includeOptions, metricName, metricDirection, metricType)
Returns a valid TradingView ticker for the COT symbol with specified parameters.
Parameters:
COTType : A string with the type of the report requested with the ticker, one of the following: "Legacy", "Disaggregated", "Financial".
CTFCCode : The for the asset, e.g., wheat futures (root "ZW") have the code "001602".
includeOptions : A boolean value. 'true' if the symbol should include options and 'false' otherwise.
metricName : One of the metric names listed in this library's chart.
metricDirection : Direction of the metric, one of the following: "Long", "Short", "Spreading", "No direction".
metricType : Type of the metric. Possible values: "All", "Old", and "Other".
Returns: A ticker ID string usable with `request.security()` to fetch the specified Commitment of Traders data.
█ AVAILABLE METRICS
Different COT types provide different metrics. The table of all metrics available for each of the types can be found below.
+------------------------------+------------------------+
| Legacy (COT) Metric Names | Directions |
+------------------------------+------------------------+
| Open Interest | No direction |
| Noncommercial Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Commercial Positions | Long, Short |
| Total Reportable Positions | Long, Short |
| Nonreportable Positions | Long, Short |
| Traders Total | No direction |
| Traders Noncommercial | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Commercial | Long, Short |
| Traders Total Reportable | Long, Short |
| Concentration Gross LT 4 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Gross LT 8 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Net LT 4 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Net LT 8 TDR | Long, Short |
+------------------------------+------------------------+
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+
| Disaggregated (COT2) Metric Names | Directions |
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+
| Open Interest | No Direction |
| Producer Merchant Positions | Long, Short |
| Swap Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Managed Money Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Other Reportable Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Total Reportable Positions | Long, Short |
| Nonreportable Positions | Long, Short |
| Traders Total | No Direction |
| Traders Producer Merchant | Long, Short |
| Traders Swap | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Managed Money | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Other Reportable | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Total Reportable | Long, Short |
| Concentration Gross LE 4 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Gross LE 8 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Net LE 4 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Net LE 8 TDR | Long, Short |
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+
+-------------------------------+------------------------+
| Financial (COT3) Metric Names | Directions |
+-------------------------------+------------------------+
| Open Interest | No Direction |
| Dealer Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Asset Manager Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Leveraged Funds Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Other Reportable Positions | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Total Reportable Positions | Long, Short |
| Nonreportable Positions | Long, Short |
| Traders Total | No Direction |
| Traders Dealer | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Asset Manager | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Leveraged Funds | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Other Reportable | Long, Short, Spreading |
| Traders Total Reportable | Long, Short |
| Concentration Gross LE 4 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Gross LE 8 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Net LE 4 TDR | Long, Short |
| Concentration Net LE 8 TDR | Long, Short |
+-------------------------------+------------------------+
Herrick Payoff Index for Quandl DataUpdate to my previous Herrick Payoff Index script. This script pulls Quandl futures data with daily open interest. The prior version only used the weekly Commitment of Traders open interest data so could only be used on weekly bars. Note: Must use Quandl Symbol methodology in chart (i.e. enter symbol as QUANDL:CHRIS/CME_FC2, QUANDL:CME/FCX2016, ect.). Unfortunately, I haven't been able to program this to pull from the embedded futures data.
Herrick Payoff IndexThe Herrick Payoff Index is designed to show the amount of money flowing into or out of a futures contract. The Index uses open interest during its calculations, therefore, the security being analyzed must contain open interest.
The Herrick Payoff Index was developed by John Herrick.When the Herrick Payoff Index is above zero, it shows that money is flowing into the futures contract (which is bullish). When the Index is below zero, it shows that money is flowing out of the futures contract (which is bearish).
The interpretation of the Herrick Payoff Index involves looking for divergences between the Index and prices.
Options Max Pain Calculator [BackQuant]Options Max Pain Calculator
A visualization tool that models option expiry dynamics by calculating "max pain" levels, displaying synthetic open interest curves, gamma exposure profiles, and pin-risk zones to help identify where market makers have the least payout exposure.
What is Max Pain?
Max Pain is the theoretical expiration price where the total dollar value of outstanding options would be minimized. At this price level, option holders collectively experience maximum losses while option writers (typically market makers) have minimal payout obligations. This creates a natural gravitational pull as expiration approaches.
Core Features
Visual Analysis Components:
Max Pain Line: Horizontal line showing the calculated minimum pain level
Strike Level Grid: Major support and resistance levels at key option strikes
Pin Zone: Highlighted area around max pain where price may gravitate
Pain Heatmap: Color-coded visualization showing pain distribution across prices
Gamma Exposure Profile: Bar chart displaying net gamma at each strike level
Real-time Dashboard: Summary statistics and risk metrics
Synthetic Market Modeling**
Since Pine Script cannot access live options data, the indicator creates realistic synthetic open interest distributions based on configurable market parameters including volume patterns, put/call ratios, and market maker positioning.
How It Works
Strike Generation:
The tool creates a grid of option strikes centered around the current price. You can control the range, density, and whether strikes snap to realistic market increments.
Open Interest Modeling:
Using your inputs for average volume, put/call ratios, and market maker behavior, the indicator generates synthetic open interest that mirrors real market dynamics:
Higher volume at-the-money with decay as strikes move further out
Adjustable put/call bias to reflect current market sentiment
Market maker inventory effects and typical short-gamma positioning
Weekly options boost for near-term expirations
Pain Calculation:
For each potential expiry price, the tool calculates total option payouts:
Call options contribute pain when finishing in-the-money
Put options contribute pain when finishing in-the-money
The strike with minimum total pain becomes the Max Pain level
Gamma Analysis:
Net gamma exposure is calculated at each strike using standard option pricing models, showing where hedging flows may be most intense. Positive gamma creates price support while negative gamma can amplify moves.
Key Settings
Basic Configuration:
Number of Strikes: Controls grid density (recommended: 15-25)
Days to Expiration: Time until option expiry
Strike Range: Price range around current level (recommended: 8-15%)
Strike Increment: Spacing between strikes
Market Parameters:
Average Daily Volume: Baseline for synthetic open interest
Put/Call Volume Ratio: Market sentiment bias (>1.0 = bearish, <1.0 = bullish) It does not work if set to 1.0
Implied Volatility: Current option volatility estimate
Market Maker Factors: Dealer positioning and hedging intensity
Display Options:
Model Complexity: Simple (line only), Standard (+ zones), Advanced (+ heatmap/gamma)
Visual Elements: Toggle individual components on/off
Theme: Dark/Light mode
Update Frequency: Real-time or daily calculation
Reading the Display
Dashboard Table (Top Right):
Current Price vs Max Pain Level
Distance to Pain: Percentage gap (smaller = higher pin risk)
Pin Risk Assessment: HIGH/MEDIUM/LOW based on proximity and time
Days to Expiry and Strike Count
Model complexity level
Visual Elements:
Red Line: Max Pain level where payout is minimized
Colored Zone: Pin risk area around max pain
Dotted Lines: Major strike levels (green = support, orange = resistance)
Color Bar: Pain heatmap (blue = high pain, red = low pain/max pain zones)
Horizontal Bars: Gamma exposure (green = positive, red = negative)
Yellow Dotted Line: Gamma flip level where hedging behavior changes
Trading Applications
Expiration Pinning:
When price is near max pain with limited time remaining, there's increased probability of gravitating toward that level as market makers hedge their positions.
Support and Resistance:
High open interest strikes often act as magnets, with max pain representing the strongest gravitational pull.
Volatility Expectations:
Above gamma flip: Expect dampened volatility (long gamma environment)
Below gamma flip: Expect amplified moves (short gamma environment)
Risk Assessment:
The pin risk indicator helps gauge likelihood of price manipulation near expiry, with HIGH risk suggesting potential range-bound action.
Best Practices
Setup Recommendations
Start with Model Complexity set to "Standard"
Use realistic strike ranges (8-12% for most assets)
Set put/call ratio based on current market sentiment
Adjust implied volatility to match current levels
Interpretation Guidelines:
Small distance to pain + short time = high pin probability
Large gamma bars indicate key hedging levels to monitor
Heatmap intensity shows strength of pain concentration
Multiple nearby strikes can create wider pin zones
Update Strategy:
Use "Daily" updates for cleaner visuals during trading hours
Switch to "Every Bar" for real-time analysis near expiration
Monitor changes in max pain level as new options activity emerges
Important Disclaimers
This is a modeling tool using synthetic data, not live market information. While the calculations are mathematically sound and the modeling realistic, actual market dynamics involve numerous factors not captured in any single indicator.
Max pain represents theoretical minimum payout levels and suggests where natural market forces may create gravitational pull, but it does not guarantee price movement or predict exact expiration levels. Market gaps, news events, and changing volatility can override these dynamics.
Use this tool as additional context for your analysis, not as a standalone trading signal. The synthetic nature of the data makes it most valuable for understanding market structure and potential zones of interest rather than precise price prediction.
Technical Notes
The indicator uses established option pricing principles with simplified implementations optimized for Pine Script performance. Gamma calculations use standard financial models while pain calculations follow the industry-standard definition of minimized option payouts.
All visual elements use fixed positioning to prevent movement when scrolling charts, and the tool includes performance optimizations to handle real-time calculation without timeout errors.
Contract Interest Turnover T3 [T69]Overview
--------
Contract Interest Turnover (CIT) estimates how “churny” a crypto derivatives market is by comparing the amount traded in a bar to the base stock of outstanding contracts (open interest). It normalizes both Volume and Open Interest (OI) by Price (Close), then plots a Turnover Rate = (Volume/Close) ÷ (OI/Close) as colored columns. Higher values = faster contract recycling (strong momentum / hype potential).
Features
--------
- Auto-fetch OI: Pulls OI via request.security(_OI, …) when the exchange/symbol exposes an OI stream on TradingView.
- Price-normalized comparison: Converts both Volume and OI into comparable notional terms by dividing each by Close.
- Turnover columns with threshold: Color the columns green once Turnover ≥ your set threshold; gray otherwise.
- Status-line readouts: Displays normalized Volume and OI values for quick sanity checks.
- Crypto-aware timeframe: Uses chart TF for crypto; forces daily OI when not crypto to avoid noisy intraday pulls.
How to Use
----------
1. Add the script on a perpetual/futures symbol that has OI on TradingView (e.g., BTC perps where an _OI feed exists).
2. Watch the Turnover Rate bars: spikes above your threshold flag sessions where contracts are actively flipping.
3. Interpret spikes as a signal of movement or activity — it does not specify price direction, only that the market is engaged and contracts are being traded more intensely than usual.
Configuration
-------------
- Interest Turnover Threshold (default 1.0): colors columns green when Turnover ≥ threshold. Tune per market’s typical churn profile.
Under the Hood (Formulas & Logic)
---------------------------------
- Fetch OI
oiClose ← request.security(ticker.standard(syminfo.tickerid) + "_OI", timeframe, close) with ignore_invalid_symbol = true.
If none is found, the script throws a clear runtime error.
- Normalize to price
vol_norm = volume / close
oi_norm = oiClose / close
This converts both to a common notional basis so their ratio is meaningful even as price changes.
- Turnover Rate
turnover = vol_norm / oi_norm
Interpretation: fraction/multiples of the outstanding contract base traded in the bar. Color = green if turnover ≥ threshold.
Why Open Interest ≈ “Float” Proxy
---------------------------------
In stocks, float ≈ shares the public can trade. In derivatives, there are no “shares,” so Open Interest acts as the live stock of active contracts. It’s the best proxy for “what’s available in play” because it counts open positions that persist across bars. Using Volume ÷ OI mirrors stock float-turnover logic: how fast the tradable base is being recycled each period.
Why Normalize by Price
----------------------
Derivatives volume and OI may be reported in contracts, not notional value. One contract’s economic weight changes with price (especially on inverse contracts). Dividing both Volume and OI by Close:
- Puts them on a comparable notional footing.
- Prevents false spikes purely from price moves.
- Makes Turnover comparable across time even as price trends.
Advanced Tips
-------------
- Calibrate threshold: Start from the 80th–90th percentile of the last 60–90 bars of Turnover; set the threshold a touch below that to surface early heat.
- Add OI-delta: Layer an OI change histogram (current − prior) to separate new positioning from pure churn.
- Linear vs inverse: For linear (USDT-margined) contracts, the normalization still works and keeps visuals consistent; for inverse, it’s essential.
Limitations
-----------
- Data availability: Works only if your symbol exposes an _OI feed on TradingView; otherwise it errors out.
- Exchange conventions: Volume units differ by venue (contracts, coin, notional). Normalization mitigates, but cross-symbol comparisons still need caution.
- Intrabar gaps: OI is typically end-of-bar; rapid intrabar shifts won’t appear until the bar closes.
Notes
-----
- Designed primarily for crypto derivatives. For non-crypto, the script blanks OI to avoid misleading plots and uses a daily TF when needed.
Credit
------
- Concept & data: Built for TradingView data feeds.
- Acknowledgment: Credit to TradingView default indicator as requested.
- Source: This write-up reflects the logic present in your uploaded script.
Disclaimer
----------
Markets move; indicators simplify. Use with position sizing, hard stops, and catalyst awareness. The Turnover Rate flags activity, not direction.
Crypto OI AgregatedCrypto OI Aggregated — Open Interest Aggregator for Crypto Exchanges
General Description
The indicator is designed for comprehensive analysis of Open Interest (OI) across major cryptocurrency exchanges. It consolidates data from multiple platforms, visualizes it as candlestick charts or deltas, and builds tables with breakdowns by exchange and contract type. This allows traders to quickly understand where market interest is concentrated and how the market structure is shifting.
Unlike standard tools that only show data from a single exchange, this indicator provides a full market overview and makes it easy to compare dynamics across different platforms.
⸻
Key Features
• Aggregation of OI data from exchanges: Binance, Bybit, OKX, Bitget, Kraken, HTX, Deribit (feel free to leave a comment if you’d like me to add other exchanges that provide open interest data)
• Support for contract types: USDT.P, USD.P, USDC.P, USD.PM
• Automatic normalization of various OI data formats from different providers
• Display modes:
• OI candlestick chart (total aggregated OI)
• OI Delta (change in OI per bar)
• Full table with detailed data by exchange and contract type
• Short summary table with totals in USD and base assets
• Support for USD or COIN denomination
• Convenient formatting for large numbers
• Customizable colors
⸻
How to Use the Indicator
1. Select Exchanges
In the settings, enable or disable specific exchanges. It is recommended to activate only the ones you need for analysis — this will make the indicator faster.
2. Choose Data Type
• OI — aggregated open interest from selected exchanges.
• OI delta — delta (change in OI compared to the previous bar).
3. Denomination
• USD — values are converted into USD equivalents.
• COIN — values are shown in the base asset (BTC, ETH, etc.).
4. Reading the Chart
• OI candlesticks show the overall OI dynamics.
• Delta histogram highlights how much OI has grown or decreased per bar.
• Colors are fully customizable.
5. Tables
• Enabled via the Show table option.
• Full Table → Rows = exchanges, Columns = contract types. Cells contain OI values in either USD or the base asset, depending on settings. Quickly shows where the main interest is concentrated.
• Short Table → Displays only the total OI values in USD and the base asset.
⸻
Important Notes
• For better readability of large values, two custom formatting functions were implemented. They work similarly to format.volume, but with improved digit grouping and adjustable decimal precision. In the tables, the top row is formatted using format.volume, while the bottom row uses the improved formatting functions for clearer representation.
str(d, n, s) =>
str.substring(d, 0, str.length(d) - n) + '.' + str.substring(d, str.length(d) - n, str.length(d) - (n - 2)) + s
format(_r) =>
d = str.tostring(math.round(_r))
str.length(d) > 9 ? str(d, 9, " B") : str.length(d) > 6 ? str(d, 6, " M") : str.length(d) > 3 ? str(d, 3, " K") : d
⸻
Conclusion: Crypto OI Aggregated is a convenient and powerful tool for cryptocurrency derivatives traders. It enables tracking of OI dynamics across multiple exchanges simultaneously, detecting imbalances between contracts, and identifying signals that are not visible when analyzing a single exchange.
OI RSI - WuJianDAOOI RSI (Open Interest Relative Strength Index)
Overview: OI RSI is a technical indicator that applies the RSI concept to open interest data.
Key Features:
Traditional vs. OI RSI:
Traditional RSI measures price movements to identify overbought or oversold conditions.
OI RSI computes the relative strength of open interest over a specified period.
Purpose:
Provides insights into market participation and sentiment by evaluating open interest levels.
Application:
Assists traders in detecting potential reversals or confirming trends based on open interest dynamics.
Ethereum COT [SAKANE]#Overview
Ethereum COT is an indicator that visualizes Ethereum futures market positions based on the Commitment of Traders (COT) report provided by the CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission).
This indicator stands out from similar tools with the following features:
- **Flexible Data Switching**: Supports multiple COT report types, including "Financial," "Legacy," "OpenInterest," and "Force All."
- **Position Direction Selection**: Easily switch between long, short, and net positions. Net positions are automatically calculated.
- **Open Interest Integration**: View the overall trading volume in the market at a glance.
- **Comparison and Customization**: Toggle individual trader types (Dealer, Asset Manager, Commercials, etc.) on and off, with visually distinct color-coded graphs.
- **Force All Mode**: Simultaneously display data from different report types, enabling comprehensive market analysis.
These features make it a powerful tool for both beginners and advanced traders to deeply analyze the Ethereum futures market.
#Use Cases
1. **Analyzing Trader Sentiment**
- Compare net positions of various trader types (Dealer, Asset Manager, Commercials, etc.) to understand market sentiment.
2. **Identifying Trend Reversals**
- Detect early signs of trend reversals from sudden increases or decreases in long and short positions.
3. **Utilizing Open Interest**
- Monitor the overall trading volume represented by open interest to evaluate entry points or changes in volatility.
4. **Tracking Position Structures**
- Compare positions of leveraged funds and asset managers to analyze risk-on or risk-off environments.
#Key Features
1. **Report Type Selection**
- Financial (Financial Traders)
- Legacy (Legacy Report)
- Open Interest
- Force All (Display all data)
2. **Position Direction Selection**
- Long
- Short
- Net
3. **Visualization of Major Trader Types**
- Financial Traders: Dealer, Asset Manager, Leveraged Funds, Other Reportable
- Legacy: Commercials, Non-Commercials, Small Speculators
4. **Open Interest Visualization**
- Monitor the total open positions in the market.
5. **Flexible Customization**
- Toggle individual trader types on and off.
- Intuitive settings with tooltips for better usability.
#How to Use
1. Add the indicator to your chart and click the settings icon in the top-right corner.
2. Select the desired report type in the "Report Type" field.
3. Choose the position direction (Long/Short/Net) in the "Direction" field.
4. Toggle the visibility of trader types as needed.
#Notes
- Data is provided by the CFTC and is updated weekly. It is not real-time.
- Changes to the settings may take a few seconds to reflect.
Bitcoin COT [SAKANE]#Overview
Bitcoin COT is an indicator that visualizes Bitcoin futures market positions based on the Commitment of Traders (COT) report provided by the CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission).
This indicator stands out from similar tools with the following features:
- Flexible Data Switching: Supports multiple COT report types, including "Financial," "Legacy," "OpenInterest," and "Force All."
- Position Direction Selection: Easily switch between long, short, and net positions. Net positions are automatically calculated.
- Open Interest Integration: View the overall trading volume in the market at a glance.
- Comparison and Customization: Toggle individual trader types (Dealer, Asset Manager, Commercials, etc.) on and off, with visually distinct color-coded graphs.
- Force All Mode: Simultaneously display data from different report types, enabling comprehensive market analysis.
These features make it a powerful tool for both beginners and advanced traders to deeply analyze the Bitcoin futures market.
#Use Cases
1. Analyzing Trader Sentiment
- Compare net positions of various trader types (Dealer, Asset Manager, Commercials, etc.) to understand market sentiment.
2. Identifying Trend Reversals
- Detect early signs of trend reversals from sudden increases or decreases in long and short positions.
3. Utilizing Open Interest
- Monitor the overall trading volume represented by open interest to evaluate entry points or changes in volatility.
4. Tracking Position Structures
- Compare positions of leveraged funds and asset managers to analyze risk-on or risk-off environments.
#Key Features
1. Report Type Selection
- Financial (Financial Traders)
- Legacy (Legacy Report)
- Open Interest
- Force All (Display all data)
2. Position Direction Selection
- Long
- Short
- Net
3. Visualization of Major Trader Types
- Financial Traders: Dealer, Asset Manager, Leveraged Funds, Other Reportable
- Legacy: Commercials, Non-Commercials, Small Speculators
4. Open Interest Visualization
- Monitor the total open positions in the market.
5. Flexible Customization
- Toggle individual trader types on and off.
- Intuitive settings with tooltips for better usability.
#How to Use
1. Add the indicator to your chart and click the settings icon in the top-right corner.
2. Select the desired report type in the "Report Type" field.
3. Choose the position direction (Long/Short/Net) in the "Direction" field.
4. Toggle the visibility of trader types as needed.
#Notes
- Data is provided by the CFTC and is updated weekly. It is not real-time.
- Changes to the settings may take a few seconds to reflect.
Range Analysis - By LeviathanThe Interactive Range Analysis script is an essential tool for analyzing price ranges. It automatically draws important range levels, generates a Volume Profile or Open Interest profile and horizontal/vertical heatmaps, plots the anchored VWAP, draws Fibonacci levels, and much more.
How to use the indicator:
1. The script will prompt you to select the "Start Time" and "End Time" using Tradingview's interactive interface. These two points will determine the length of the range.
2. Once you have selected the range, the script will automatically anchor the range highs and lows to the highest and lowest close/wick/hlc3/ohlc4 (whichever you prefer).
3. You can then begin exploring different tools and options such as Quarters, Eighths, Fibonacci, Outer Levels, VWAP, Horizontal Volume/OI Heatmap, Vertical Volume/OI Heatmap, Fixed Range Volume Profile, Open Interest Profile, Value Area, VAH, VAL, and POC.
4. You can adjust the range by dragging the Start Time and End Time anchors or by removing/reapplying the script.
Tool overview
Range Levels
After selecting your preferred time range, the script will identify and draw a range high level and a range low level, which serve as a base for other important levels. “Half” is the level halfway between the range high and range low. “Quarters” will, as the name suggests, split the range into four equal zones (quarters) and “Eighths” will split the range into eight equal zones (eighths).
”Fibonacci” option allows you to display Fibonacci retracement levels (0.786, 0.618, 0.382, 0.236). “VWAP” will plot a Volume Weighted Average Price, anchored to the start of the range. “Direction” input lets you choose whether your range is UP or DOWN trending in order to make sure that the Fibonacci levels and labels are generated and assigned correctly. With “Outer” turned ON, the script will also generate active levels (quarters/eighths/Fibonacci) above and below the selected price range. “Extend Right” will extend all levels to the right indefinitely, while “Extend (+Bars)” lets you choose how far right the levels get extended. “Diagonal Line” is drawn from the bottom left of the range to the top right of the range or from the top left of the range to the bottom right of the range, depending on the “Direction” input.
Volume Profile / Open Interest Profile
After selecting the “Data Type”, Volume Profile or OI Profile can be generated by turning ON the “Volume/OI Profile” option.
“Resolution” input defines the amount of nodes/rows in the range that are used in profile/heatmap generation for distributing the data. While you can increase the “Resolution” to get better, more granular profiles, you should keep in mind that you might need to lower the resolution when generating profiles for larger ranges.
”Node Type” offers you two options when it comes to the representation of data: Up/Down - divides a node in two sections for up volume/OI and down volume/OI, Total - one node for total volume/OI and Delta - net difference in up volume/OI and down volume/OI.
”Profile Position” lets you choose whether the profile is positioned on the left side of the range or on the right side of the range.
“Profile Direction” determines whether the profile nodes are facing right or left.
“Profile Type” enables you to visualize the nodes in a classic way (Type 1) or in a way where down volume/negative OI are positioned on the left side of the y axis and up volume/positive OI on the right side of the y axis.
“Node Size (%)” defines how much space in the range can be taken by the profile’s nodes. Eg. 50% will allow the largest node to extend to the middle of the range (and others scaled accordingly), 100% will allow the largest node to extend the max right point of the range (and others scaled accordingly).
”Value Area (%)” defines the VA zone, which represents the area where the most volume occured (usually 70% or 68%).
”Horizontal Heatmap” will display a heatmap-like overlay, that will help you identify the price levels where most volume/open interest action occurred.
”Vertical Heatmap” will display a heatmap-like overlay, that will help you identify the points in time where most volume/open interest action occurred.
A more detailed description of this indicator is coming in the next few days.
Important:
* If volume or OI profile does not get generated, try lowering the resolution.
* Once in a while, the script will disappear from your chart. Just remove and reapply.
* Open Interest data is only avaiable on Binance Perpetual Futures pairs
To learn more, read the tooltips in the indicator’s settings and stay tuned for upcoming additions (Range Market Structure, Liquidation Levels, Range Statistics,…)
[PlayBit]Correlation-Co _OI Correlation-Co _OI
This Indicator uses a Correlation Coefficient to compare a Crypto Currency to the Binance Open Interest feed if the data is provided
A move in the same direction is indicated with a positive value (the indicator will move up)
A move in the opposite direction the indicator will indicate with a negative value (the indicator will move down)
If both are moving in the same direction and are converging or diverging this will be shown by larger values for divergence and smaller for convergence but will be a positive value
Negative values are shown when price and _OI are moving opposite each other
You can toggle the auto Open Interest option in the settings to use something other than Open Interest if you would like
I still need to add a visual showing when longs are unwinding or opening and when shorts are covering or opening
This is a concept that I made for @Johnny a while back and I'm republishing public from private
This can be useful when comparing a Asset with its Open Interest
The main bit of code was taken from:
by @mortdiggiddy
Let me know if you have any Ideas or suggestions or if I overlooked something
Hope you enjoy,
@FFriZz | @FrizLabz
Crypto Terminal [Kioseff Trading]Hello!
Introducing Crypto Terminal (:
The indicator makes use of cryptocurrency data provided by vendor INTOTHEBLOCK.
NOTE: The cryptocurrency on your chart must be paired with USD or USDT. Data won't load otherwise - possibly transient. For instance, BTCUSD or BTCUSDT, ETHUSD or ETHUSDT.
Provided datasets:
Twitter Sentiment Data
Telegram Sentiment Data
Whale Data (i.e. % of Asset Belonging to Whales)
$100,000+ Transactions
Bulls/Bears (Bulls Buying | Bears Selling)
Current Position PnL (Currently Open Positions for the Coin are Retrieved and Plotted. Data is Split into Currently Profitable Positions, Losing Positions, and B/E Positions)
Average Balance
Holders/Traders Percentage (Addresses are Retrieved and Classified as Holding Accounts or Trader Accounts)
Correlation
Futures OI
Perpetual OI
Zero Balance Addresses
Flow (Money Inflow & Outflow)
Active Addresses
Average Transaction Time
Realized PnL (Addresses with Realized Profits, Realized Losses, and B/E)
Cruisers
A few more data points are provided.
Additionally, you can plot the values of any dataset in a pane below price.
Below are images of plottable data; different cryptocurrencies will be shown for each example (:
Twitter sentiment data.
Assess this data lightly; difficult to confirm accuracy.
Telegram sentiment data.
Assess this data lightly; difficult to confirm accuracy.
Percentage of asset belonging to whales.
$100,000+ transactions (volume oriented)
Bulls buying; bears selling.
Current positions at profit; current positions at loss; current positions at breakeven.
Average balance.
Percentage of asset belonging to traders; percentage of asset belonging to holders.
Asset's 30-interval correlation to BTC.
Perpetual open interest.
Zero-balance addresses.
Flows.
Active addresses.
Average transaction time.
Addresses at realized profit; addresses at realized loss; addresses at breakeven.
Cruiser data.
Futures open interest.
Naturally, this data isn't provided for every cryptocurrency; NaN values are returned in some instances.
Table 1
I provided three data tables, which load independently, so you don't have to change plotted data to access values.
Table 2
Lastly, you can create a 10-asset crypto index and run calculations against it.
The image shows an example.
I'll update this script with additional calculations/data in the near future. If you've any suggestions - please let me know!
Enjoy (:
The Insider - Hunt Bitcoin CoT DeltaThe Insider - Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta
The gift of the Squeeze in the Largest 4 open Interest Shorts vs Longs.
Why Bother another CoT signal?
Its different & focused on the Insider's.
Performance -
This Indicator provided a
1. Signal 1 = 26th March 2019 = SUPER LONG at $4,500 that saw a near $14,000 run up
2. Signal 2 = 18th & 24th June 2019 = SHORT at the second & final level $11,700 after repeated attempts & failure in the $13K range, the mini Echo Bitcoin Bull of 2019
3. Signal 3 = 17th December 2019 = LONG $6,900, Bitcoin rallied to Mid $10,500's
4. Signal 4 = 18th Feb 2020 = SUPER SHORT from $9,700's to a final extreme Low of $3,000, calling the CV-19 collapse
5. Signal 5 = 17th March 2020 = LONG from $5,400 no closure point yet
6. Signal 6 = 29th June 2020 = SUPER LONG reiterate from $10,700 no closure sell signal yet
7. Signal 7 = 17th May 2020 = LONG another accumulate LONG with no sell signal yet generated at Post H&S's low of $33,000
Note - This indicator only commences March 2019, as Bitcoin futures were a recent introduction and needed to settle for 6 months in both use and data, no signals were meaningful prior & data was light.
What is Provided. - Please note the need to also add the Hunt Bitcoin Historical Volatility Indicator for full understanding.
We provide 3 things with the 3 indicators.
'Insider' indications from Largest players in the futures market.
1. Bitcoin Macro Buy Signals.
a) The Bitcoin Commitment of Traders results see us focus solely on Largest 4 Short Open Interest & Largest 4 Long Open Interest aspects of the CoT Release data.
When the difference - is tight, a kind of pinch, these have been great Buy signals in Bitcoin.
We call this difference the Delta & When Delta is 5% or less Bitcoin is a Buy.
2. Bitcoin Macro Sells.
a) A sell signal is Triggered in Bitcoin at any point the Largest 4 short OI > or = to 70
3. AMPLIFIER Trade signals 'Super' Longs or Shorts -
Extreme low volatility events leads to highly impulsive & volatile subsequent moves, if either of 1 or 2 above occur, combined with extreme low volatility
a 'Super Long' or 'SUPER SELL' is generated. In the case of the short side, given Bitcoins general expansive and MACRO Bull trend since inception, we seek an additional component
that is an extreme differential/Delta reading between 4 biggest Longs & Shorts OI.
Namely CoT Delta also must be > 47.5%
We also have a Cautionary level, where it is not necessarily a good idea to accumulate Bitcon, as a better opportunity lower may avail itself, see conditions below.
So the required logic explicitly stated below for all Signals.
1. Long - Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta < or = 5
2. SUPER Long - Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta < or = 5; and 2 Day Historical Bitcoin Volatility = or < 20
3. Short - Largest 4 Sellers OI = or > 70
4. SUPER Short - Largest 4 Sellers OI = or > 70; AND..
Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta = or > 47.5 AND 2 Day Historical BTC Volatility = or < 20
5. Caution - Largest 4 Sellers OI = or > 67.5 AND Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta = or > 45
WARNING SEE Notes Below
Note 1 - = Largest 4 Open Interest Shorts
Note 2 - = Largest 4 Open Interest Longs
Note 3 - = Hunt Cot Delta = (Largest 4 sellers OI) -( Largest 4 Buyers OI)
Caution = Avoid new Bitcoin Accumulation Right Now, A sell signal might follow Enter on next Long
Note 4 - The Hunt Bitcoin COT Delta signal is a Largest 'Insider' Tracking tool based on a segment of Commitment of Traders data on Bitcoin Futures, released once a week on a Friday.
It is a Macro Timeframe signal , and should not be used for Day trading and Short Timeframe analysis , Entries may be optimised after a Hunt Bitcoin CoT Signal is generated by separate shorter Timeframe analysis.
Note 5 - The Historical Bitcoin Volatility is an additional 'Amplifier' component to the 'Hunt Bitcoin Cot Delta' Insider Signal
Note 6 - The Historical Bitcoin Volatility criteria varies by timeframe, the above levels are those applying on a Two Day TF Chart, select this custom timeframe in Trading View.
if additional criteria are met for LONG & SHORT insider signals, they may become 'Super Longs/Shorts', see conditions box above.
The Signal - Hunt Bitcoin CoT Buy/SellThe Signal - Hunt Bitcoin CoT Buy/Sell
Why Bother with another CoT signal?
Its different & focused on the Insider's. The Largest 4 Open Interest Seller and the Largest 4 open Interest Longs, plus the distance they are apart, the Delta, what does high percentage of Largest 4 sellers mean with a low 4 OI Buyers. , what when the usually higher Sellers are low and the largest 4 buyers almost the same value , Time to track the insiders Delta..
Performance -
This Indicator provided a
1. Signal 1 = 26th March 2019 = SUPER LONG at $4,500 that saw a near $14,000 run up
2. Signal 2 = 18th & 24th June 2019 = SHORT at the second & final level $11,700 after repeated attempts & failure in the $13K range, the mini Echo Bitcoin Bull of 2019
3. Signal 3 = 17th December 2019 = LONG $6,900, Bitcoin rallied to Mid $10,500's
4. Signal 4 = 18th Feb 2020 = SUPER SHORT from $9,700's to a final extreme Low of $3,000, calling the CV-19 collapse
5. Signal 5 = 17th March 2020 = LONG from $5,400 no closure point yet
6. Signal 6 = 29th June 2020 = SUPER LONG reiterate from $10,700 no closure sell signal yet
7. Signal 7 = 17th May 2020 = LONG another accumulate LONG with no sell signal yet generated at Post H&S's low of $33,000
Note - This indicator only commences March 2019, as Bitcoin futures were a recent introduction and needed to settle for 6 months in both use and data, no signals were meaningful prior & data was light.
What is Provided. - Please note the need to also add the Hunt Bitcoin Historical Volatility Indicator for full understanding.
We provide 3 things with the 3 indicators.
'Insider' indications from Largest players in the futures market.
1. Bitcoin Macro Buy Signals.
a) The Bitcoin Commitment of Traders results see us focus solely on Largest 4 Short Open Interest & Largest 4 Long Open Interest aspects of the CoT Release data.
When the difference - is tight, a kind of pinch, these have been great Buy signals in Bitcoin.
We call this difference the Delta & When Delta is 5% or less Bitcoin is a Buy.
2. Bitcoin Macro Sells.
a) A sell signal is Triggered in Bitcoin at any point the Largest 4 short OI > or = to 70
3. AMPLIFIER Trade signals 'Super' Longs or Shorts -
Extreme low volatility events leads to highly impulsive & volatile subsequent moves, if either of 1 or 2 above occur, combined with extreme low volatility
a 'Super Long' or 'SUPER SELL' is generated. In the case of the short side, given Bitcoins general expansive and MACRO Bull trend since inception, we seek an additional component
that is an extreme differential/Delta reading between 4 biggest Longs & Shorts OI.
Namely CoT Delta also must be > 47.5%
We also have a Cautionary level, where it is not necessarily a good idea to accumulate Bitcon, as a better opportunity lower may avail itself, see conditions below.
So the required logic explicitly stated below for all Signals.
1. Long - Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta < or = 5
2. SUPER Long - Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta < or = 5; and 2 Day Historical Bitcoin Volatility = or < 20
3. Short - Largest 4 Sellers OI = or > 70
4. SUPER Short - Largest 4 Sellers OI = or > 70; AND..
Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta = or > 47.5 AND 2 Day Historical BTC Volatility = or < 20
5. Caution - Largest 4 Sellers OI = or > 67.5 AND Hunt Bitcoin CoT Delta = or > 45
WARNING SEE Notes Below
Note 1 - = Largest 4 Open Interest Shorts
Note 2 - = Largest 4 Open Interest Longs
Note 3 - = Hunt Cot Delta = (Largest 4 sellers OI) -( Largest 4 Buyers OI)
Caution = Avoid new Bitcoin Accumulation Right Now, A sell signal might follow Enter on next Long
Note 4 - The Hunt Bitcoin COT Delta signal is a Largest 'Insider' Tracking tool based on a segment of Commitment of Traders data on Bitcoin Futures, released once a week on a Friday.
It is a Macro Timeframe signal , and should not be used for Day trading and Short Timeframe analysis , Entries may be optimised after a Hunt Bitcoin CoT Signal is generated by separate shorter Timeframe analysis.
Note 5 - The Historical Bitcoin Volatility is an additional 'Amplifier' component to the 'Hunt Bitcoin Cot Delta' Insider Signal
Note 6 - The Historical Bitcoin Volatility criteria varies by timeframe, the above levels are those applying on a Two Day TF Chart, select this custom timeframe in Trading View.
if additional criteria are met for LONG & SHORT insider signals, they may become 'Super Longs/Shorts', see conditions box above.
Aggregated OI (Binance + Bybit + OKX)RU
Агрегатор Open Interest для крипты по трём биржам: Binance, Bybit, OKX/OKEX.
Показывает OI-свечи или дельту OI, есть мини-легенда (Open Interest, Rekt Longs/Shorts, Aggressive Longs/Shorts). Можно переключать биржи и единицы отображения (USD / COIN).
Данные зависят от доступности OI-тикеров в TradingView (…USDT.P_OI). Если по паре нет фида на бирже — она игнорируется. Основано на скрипте LeviathanCapital (MPL-2.0), модификация — SaneQ. Не является финсоветом.
EN
Aggregated Open Interest for crypto across Binance, Bybit, OKX/OKEX.
Plots OI candles or OI delta, plus a compact legend (Open Interest, Rekt Longs/Shorts, Aggressive Longs/Shorts). You can toggle exchanges and display units (USD / COIN).
Data depends on TV OI feeds (…USDT.P_OI). If a pair lacks a feed on an exchange, that source is skipped. Based on LeviathanCapital’s script (MPL-2.0), modified by SaneQ. Not financial advice.
Support and Resistance levels from Options DataINTRODUCTION
This script is designed to visualize key support and resistance levels derived from options data on TradingView charts. It overlays lines, labels, and boxes to highlight levels such as Put Walls (gamma support), Call Walls (gamma resistance), Gamma Flip points, Vanna levels, and more.
These levels are intended to help traders identify potential areas of price magnetism, reversal, or breakout based on options market dynamics. All calculations and visualizations are based on user-provided data pasted into the input field, as Pine Script cannot directly fetch external options data due to platform limitations (explained below).
For convenience, my website allows users to interact with a bot that will generate the string for up to 30 tickers at once getting nearly real-time data on demand (data is cached for 15min). With the output string pasted into this indicator, it's a bliss to shuffle through your portfolio and see those levels for each ticker.
The script is open-source under TradingView's terms, allowing users to study, modify, and improve it. It draws inspiration from common options-derived metrics like gamma exposure and vanna, which are widely discussed in financial literature. No external code is copied without rights; all logic is original or based on standard mathematical formulas.
How the Options Levels Are Calculated
The levels displayed by this script are not computed within Pine Script itself—instead, they rely on pre-calculated values provided by the user (via a pasted data string). These values are derived from options chain data fetched from financial APIs (e.g., using libraries like yfinance in Python). Here's a step-by-step overview of how these levels are generally calculated externally before being input into the script:
Fetching Options Data:
Historical and current options chain data for a ticker (e.g., strikes, open interest, volume, implied volatility, expirations) is retrieved for near-term expirations (e.g., up to 90 days).
Current stock price is obtained from recent history.
Gamma Support (Put Wall) and Resistance (Call Wall):
Gamma Calculation: For each option, gamma (the rate of change of delta) is computed using the Black-Scholes formula:
gamma = N'(d1) / (S * sigma * sqrt(T))
where S is the stock price, K is the strike, T is time to expiration (in years), sigma is implied volatility, r is the risk-free rate (e.g., 0.0445), and N'(d1) is the normal probability density function.
Weighted gamma is multiplied by open interest and aggregated by strike.
The Put Wall is the strike below the current price with the highest weighted gamma from puts (acting as support).
The Call Wall is the strike above the current price with the highest weighted gamma from calls (acting as resistance).
Short-term versions focus on strikes closer to the money (e.g., within 10-15% of the price).
Gamma Flip Level:
Net dealer gamma exposure (GEX) is calculated across all strikes:
GEX = sum (gamma * OI * 100 * S^2 * sign * decay)
where sign is +1 for calls/-1 for puts, and decay is 1 / sqrt(T).
The flip point is the price where net GEX changes sign (from positive to negative or vice versa), interpolated between strikes.
Vanna Levels:
Vanna (sensitivity of delta to volatility) is calculated:
vanna = -N'(d1) * d2 / sigma
where d2 = d1 - sigma * sqrt(T).
Weighted by open interest, the highest positive and negative vanna strikes are identified.
Other Levels:
S1/R1: Significant strikes with high combined open interest and volume (80% OI + 20% volume), below/above price for support/resistance.
Implied Move: ATM implied volatility scaled by S * sigma * sqrt(d/365) (e.g., for 7 days).
Call/Put Ratio: Total call contracts divided by put contracts (OI + volume).
IV Percentage: Average ATM implied volatility.
Options Activity Level: Average contracts per unique strike, binned into levels (0-4).
Stop Loss: Dynamically set below the lowest support (e.g., Put Wall, Gamma Flip), adjusted by IV (tighter in low IV).
Fib Target: 1.618 extension from Put Wall to Call Wall range.
Previous day levels are stored for comparison (e.g., to detect Call Wall movement >2.5% for alerts).
Effect as Support and Resistance in Technical Trading
Options levels like gamma walls influence price action due to market maker hedging:
Put Wall (Gamma Support): High put gamma below price creates a "magnet" effect—market makers buy stock as price falls, providing support. Traders might look for bounces here as entry points for longs.
Call Wall (Gamma Resistance): High call gamma above price leads to selling pressure from hedging, acting as resistance. Rejections here could signal trims, sells or even shorts.
Gamma Flip: Where gamma exposure flips sign, often a volatility pivot—crossing it can accelerate moves (bullish above, bearish below).
Vanna Levels: Positive/negative vanna indicate volatility sensitivity; crosses may signal regime shifts.
Implied Move: Shows expected range; prices outside suggest overextension.
S1/R1 and Fib Target: Volume/OI clusters act as classic S/R; Fib extensions project upside targets post-breakout.
In trading, these are not guarantees—combine with TA (e.g., volume, trends). High activity levels imply stronger effects; low CP ratio suggests bearish sentiment. Alerts trigger on proximities/crosses for awareness, not advice.
Limitations of the TradingView Platform for Data Pulling
TradingView's Pine Script is sandboxed for security and performance:
No direct internet access or API calls (e.g., can't fetch yfinance data in-script).
Limited to chart data/symbol info; no real-time options chains.
Inputs are static per load; updates require manual pasting.
Caching isn't persistent across sessions.
This prevents dynamic data pulling, ensuring scripts remain lightweight but requiring external tools for fresh data.
Creative Solution for On-Demand Data Pulling
To overcome these limitations, users can use external tools or scripts (e.g., Python-based) to fetch and compute levels on demand. The tool processes tickers, generates a formatted string (e.g., "TICKER:level1,level2,...;TIMESTAMP:unix;"), and users paste it into the script's input. This keeps data fresh without violating platform rules, as computation happens off-platform. For example, run a local script to query APIs and output the string—adaptable for any ticker.
Script Functionality Breakdown
Inputs: Custom data string (parsed for levels/timestamp); toggles for short-term/previous/Vanna/stop loss; style options (colors, transparency).
Parsing: Extracts levels for the chart symbol; gets timestamp for "updated ago" display.
Drawing: Lines/labels for levels; boxes for gamma zones/implied move; clears old elements on updates.
Info Panel: Top-right summary with metrics (CP ratio, IV, distances, activity); emojis for quick status.
Alerts: Conditions for proximities, crosses, bounces (e.g., 0.5% bounce from Put Wall).
Performance: Uses vars for persistence; efficient for real-time.
This script is educational—test thoroughly. Not financial advice; past performance isn't indicative of future results. Feedback welcome via TradingView comments.
CVD Divergenz System – modular with Exchange + LabelsA smart volume-based strategy tool using CVD divergence, ATR-based risk management, and Open Interest filters — now with visual chart labels and exchange switching.
Designed for crypto traders who want precise entry signals, volume insight, and a clean UI.
🔍 Key Features:
✅ CVD Divergence Detection
Automatically detects bullish or bearish divergences between price and cumulative delta (CVD)
✅ Open Interest Logic (Simulated)
Signals are only valid when OI is rising – otherwise a warning is issued
✅ ATR-Based Entry, Stop & Target Zones
Auto-calculated based on your chosen R multiple (e.g., 1.5R), plotted in the chart
✅ Visual Dashboard Panel (table)
Compact panel with CVD, OI change, ATR, signal status, and selected exchange — always visible in top-right
✅ Exchange Selector + Fallback to Binance
Choose between Binance, Bybit, Bitget, or Coinbase — if data is unavailable, Binance is used automatically
✅ Modular Chart Labels
Optionally display 📈 LONG, 📉 SHORT or ⚠️ WARNING labels directly on the chart with a toggle
✅ Alerts Built-In
Get notified instantly when a setup triggers (long, short, or warning) — works with app, popup, or webhook
✅ Fully Modular Controls
Enable or disable the dashboard, trade zones, and labels via simple checkboxes
⚠️ Technical Notes:
CVD is calculated from delta volume (volume * sign(close - open)) — not true order flow
Open Interest is simulated using volume as a placeholder (due to Pine Script limitations)
Best suited for 5–30min timeframes on crypto futures pairs like BTCUSDT, ETHUSDT, etc.
💡 Pro Tips:
Use near key support/resistance zones or liquidity levels
Combine with price action and higher timeframe confluence
Alerts work best with "Once Per Bar Close" trigger setting
📈 Built to support faster decisions, cleaner setups, and institutional-level insights — all in one tool.
Dskyz Options Flow Flux (OFF) - FuturesDskyz Options Flow Flux (OFF) - Futures
*This is a repost due to moderator intervention on use of ™ in my scripts. I'm in the process of getting this rectified. This was originally posted around mid-night CDT.
🧠 The Dskyz Options Flow Flux (OFF) - Futures indicator is a game changer for futures traders looking to tap into institutional activity with limited resources. Designed for TradingView this tool simulates options flow data (call/put volume and open interest) for futures contracts like MNQ MES NQ and ES giving u actionable insights through volume spike detection volatility adjustments and stunning visuals like aurora flux bands and round number levels. Whether u’re a beginner learning the ropes or a pro hunting for an edge this indicator delivers real time market sentiment and key price levels to boost ur trading game
Key Features
⚡ Simulated Options Flow: Breaks down call/put volume and open interest using market momentum and volatility
📈 Spike Detection: Spots big moves in volume and open interest with customizable thresholds
🧠 Volatility Filter: Adapts to market conditions using ATR for smarter spike detection
✨ Aurora Flux Bands: Glows with market sentiment showing u bullish or bearish vibes at a glance
🎯 Round Number Levels: Marks key psychological levels where big players might step in
📊 Interactive Dashboard: Real time metrics like sentiment score and volatility factor right on ur chart
🚨 Alerts: Get notified of bullish or bearish spikes so u never miss a move
How It Works
🧠 This indicator is built to make complex options flow analysis simple even with the constraints of Pine Script. Here’s the step by step:
Simulated Volume Data (Dynamic Split):
Pulls daily volume for ur chosen futures contract (MNQ1! MES1! NQ1! ES1!)
Splits it into call and put volume based on momentum (ta.mom) and volatility (ATR vs its 20 period average)
Estimates open interest (OI) for calls and puts (1.15x for calls 1.1x for puts)
Formula: callRatio = 0.5 + (momentum / close) * 10 + (volatility - 1) * 0.1 capped between 0.3 and 0.7
Why It Matters: Mimics how big players might split their trades giving u a peek into institutional sentiment
Spike Detection:
Compares current volume/OI to short term (lookbackShort) and long term (lookbackLong) averages
Flags spikes when volume/OI exceeds the average by ur set threshold (spikeThreshold for regular highConfidenceThreshold for strong)
Adjusts for volatility so u’re not fooled by choppy markets
Output: optionsSignal (2 for strong bullish -2 for strong bearish 1 for bullish -1 for bearish 0 for neutral)
Why It Matters: Pinpoints where big money might be stepping in
Volatility Filter:
Uses ATR (10 periods) and its 20 period average to calculate a volatility factor (volFactor = ATR / avgAtr)
Scales spike thresholds based on market conditions (volAdjustedThreshold = spikeThreshold * max(1 volFactor * volFilter))
Why It Matters: Keeps ur signals reliable whether the market is calm or wild
Sentiment Score:
Calculates a call/put ratio (callVolume / putVolume) and adjusts for volatility
Converts it to a 0 to 100 score (higher = bullish lower = bearish)
Formula: sentimentScore = min(max((volAdjustedSentiment - 1) * 50 0) 100)
Why It Matters: Gives u a quick read on market bias
Round Number Detection:
Finds the nearest round number (e.g. 100 for MNQ1! 50 for MES1!)
Checks for volume spikes (volume > 3 period SMA * spikeThreshold) and if price is close (within ATR * atrMultiplier)
Updates the top activity level every 15 minutes when significant activity is detected
Why It Matters: Highlights psychological levels where price often reacts
Visuals and Dashboard:
Combines aurora flux bands glow effects round number lines and a dashboard to make insights pop (see Visual Elements below)
Plots triangles for call/put spikes (green/red for strong lime/orange for regular)
Sets up alerts for key market moves
Why It Matters: Makes complex data easy to read at a glance
Inputs and Customization
⚙️ Beginners can tweak these settings to match their trading style while pros can dig deeper for precision:
Futures Symbol (symbol): Pick ur contract (MNQ1! MES1! NQ1! ES1!). Default: MNQ1!
Short Lookback (lookbackShort): Days for short term averages. Smaller = more sensitive. Range: 1+. Default: 5
Long Lookback (lookbackLong): Days for long term averages. Range: 5+. Default: 10
Spike Threshold (spikeThreshold): How big a spike needs to be (e.g. 1.1 = 10% above average). Range: 1.0+. Default: 1.1
High Confidence Threshold (highConfidenceThreshold): For strong spikes (e.g. 3.0 = 3x average). Range: 2.0+. Default: 3.0
Volatility Filter (volFilter): Adjusts for market volatility (e.g. 1.2 = 20% stricter in volatile markets). Range: 1.0+. Default: 1.2
Aurora Flux Transparency (glowOpacity): Controls band transparency (0 = solid 100 = invisible). Range: 0 to 100. Default: 65
Show Show OFF Dashboard (showDashboard): Toggles the dashboard with key metrics. Default: true
Show Nearest Round Number (showRoundNumbers): Displays round number levels. Default: true
ATR Multiplier for Proximity (atrMultiplier): How close price needs to be to a round number (e.g. 1.5 = within 1.5x ATR). Range: 0.5+. Default: 1.5
Functions and Logic
🧠 Here’s the techy stuff pros will love:
Simulated Volume Data : Splits daily volume into call/put volume and OI using momentum and volatility
Volatility Filter: Scales thresholds with volFactor = atr / avgAtr for adaptive detection
Spike Detection: Flags spikes and assigns optionsSignal (2, -2, 1, -1, 0) for sentiment
Sentiment Score: Converts call/put ratio into a 0-100 score for quick bias reads
Round Number Detection: Identifies key levels and significant activity for trading zones
Dashboard Display: Updates real time metrics like sentiment score and volatility factor
Visual Elements
✨ These visuals make data come alive:
Gradient Background: Green (bullish) red (bearish) or yellow (neutral/choppy) at 95% transparency to show trend
Aurora Flux Bands: Stepped bands (linewidth 3) around a 14 period EMA ± ATR * 1.8. Colors shift with sentiment (green red lime orange gray) with glow effects at 85% transparency
Round Number Visualization: Stepped lines (linewidth 2) at key levels (solid if active dashed if not) with labels (black background white text size.normal)
Visual Signals: Triangles above/below bars for spikes (size.small for strong size.tiny for regular)
Dashboard: Bottom left table (2 columns 10 rows) with a black background (29% transparency) gray border and metrics:
⚡ Round Number Activity: “Detected” or “None”
📈 Trend: “Bullish” “Bearish” or “Neutral” (colored green/red/gray)
🧠 ATR: Current 10 period ATR
📊 ATR Avg: 20 period SMA of ATR
📉 Volume Spike: “YES” (green) or “NO” (red)
📋 Call/Put Ratio: Current ratio
✨ Flux Signal: “Strong Bullish” “Strong Bearish” “Bullish” “Bearish” or “Neutral” (colored green/red/gray)
⚙️ Volatility Factor: Current volFactor
📈 Sentiment Score: 0-100 score
Usage and Strategy Recommendations
🎯 For Beginners: Use high confidence spikes (green/red triangles) for easy entries. Check the dashboard for a quick market read (sentiment score above 60 = bullish below 40 = bearish). Watch round number levels for support/resistance
💡 For Pros: Combine flux signals with round number activity for high probability setups. Adjust lookbackShort/lookbackLong for trending vs choppy markets. Use volFactor for position sizing (higher = smaller positions)
Weekly COTAdjusted COT Index
Improves upon: "COT Index Commercials vs large and small Speculators" by SystematicFutures
How: CoT Indexes are adjusted by Open Interest to normalise data over time, and threshold background colours are in-line with Larry Williams recommendations from his book.
Note: This indicator is **only** accurate on the Daily time-frame due to the mid-week release date for CoT data.
This script calculates and plots the Adjusted Commitment of Traders (COT) Index for Commercial, Large Speculator, and Retail (Small Speculator) categories.
The CoT Index is adjusted by Open Interest to normalise data through time, following the methodology of Larry Williams, providing insights into how these groups are positioned in the market with an arguably more historically accurate context.
COT Categories
-------------------
- Commercials (Producers/Hedgers): Large entities hedging against price changes in the underlying asset.
- Large Speculators (Non-commercials): Professional traders and funds speculating on price movements.
- Retail Traders (Nonreportable/Small Speculators): Small individual traders, typically less informed.
Features
----------
- Open Interest Adjustment
- The net positions for each category are normalized by Open Interest to account
for varying contract sizes.
- Customisable Look-back Period
- You can adjust the number of weeks for the index calculation to control the
historical range used for comparison.
- Thresholds for Extremes
- Upper and lower thresholds (configurable) are provided to mark overbought and
oversold conditions.
- Defaults
- Overbought: <=20
- Oversold: >= 80
- Hide Current Week Option
- Optionally hide the current week's data until market close for more accurate comparison.
- Visual Aids
- Plot the Commercials, Large Speculators, and Retail indexes, and optionally highlight extreme positioning.
Inputs
--------
- weeks
- Number of weeks for historical range comparison.
- upperExtreme and lowerExtreme
- Thresholds to identify overbought/oversold conditions (default 80/20).
- hideCurrentWeek
- Option to hide current week's data until market close.
- markExtremes
- Highlight extremes where any index crosses the upper or lower thresholds.
- Options to display or hide indexes for Commercials, Large Speculators, and Small Speculators.
Outputs
----------
- The script plots the COT Index for each of the three categories and highlights periods of extreme positioning with customisable thresholds.
Usage
-------
- This tool is useful for traders who want to track the positioning of different market participants over time.
- By identifying the extreme positions of Commercials, Large Speculators, and Retail traders, it can give insights into market sentiment and potential reversals.
- Reversals of trend can be confirmed with RSI Divergence (daily), for example
- Continuation can be confirmed with RSI overbought/oversold conditions (daily), and/or hidden RSI Hidden Divergence, for example
Adjusted CoT IndexAdjusted COT Index
Improves upon: "COT Index Commercials vs large and small Speculators" by SystematicFutures
How: CoT Indexes are adjusted by Open Interest to normalise data over time, and threshold background colours are in-line with Larry Williams recommendations from his book.
Note: This indicator is **only** accurate on the Daily time-frame due to the mid-week release date for CoT data.
This script calculates and plots the Adjusted Commitment of Traders (COT) Index for Commercial, Large Speculator, and Retail (Small Speculator) categories.
The CoT Index is adjusted by Open Interest to normalise data through time, following the methodology of Larry Williams, providing insights into how these groups are positioned in the market with an arguably more historically accurate context.
COT Categories
-------------------
- Commercials (Producers/Hedgers): Large entities hedging against price changes in the underlying asset.
- Large Speculators (Non-commercials): Professional traders and funds speculating on price movements.
- Retail Traders (Nonreportable/Small Speculators): Small individual traders, typically less informed.
Features
----------
- Open Interest Adjustment
- The net positions for each category are normalized by Open Interest to account
for varying contract sizes.
- Customisable Look-back Period
- You can adjust the number of weeks for the index calculation to control the
historical range used for comparison.
- Thresholds for Extremes
- Upper and lower thresholds (configurable) are provided to mark overbought and
oversold conditions.
- Defaults
- Overbought: <=20
- Oversold: >= 80
- Hide Current Week Option
- Optionally hide the current week's data until market close for more accurate comparison.
- Visual Aids
- Plot the Commercials, Large Speculators, and Retail indexes, and optionally highlight extreme positioning.
Inputs
--------
- weeks
- Number of weeks for historical range comparison.
- upperExtreme and lowerExtreme
- Thresholds to identify overbought/oversold conditions (default 80/20).
- hideCurrentWeek
- Option to hide current week's data until market close.
- markExtremes
- Highlight extremes where any index crosses the upper or lower thresholds.
- Options to display or hide indexes for Commercials, Large Speculators, and Small Speculators.
Outputs
----------
- The script plots the COT Index for each of the three categories and highlights periods of extreme positioning with customisable thresholds.
Usage
-------
- This tool is useful for traders who want to track the positioning of different market participants over time.
- By identifying the extreme positions of Commercials, Large Speculators, and Retail traders, it can give insights into market sentiment and potential reversals.
- Reversals of trend can be confirmed with RSI Divergence (daily), for example
- Continuation can be confirmed with RSI overbought/oversold conditions (daily), and/or hidden RSI Hidden Divergence, for example
Price and OI ChangePrice and OI Change
Description:
The "Price and OI Change" indicator provides insights into market dynamics by analyzing the price and open interest (OI) changes over a 7-day period. This indicator is designed for use with both spot and futures markets, including cryptocurrencies.
Key Features:
Price and OI Change Calculation: Computes the 7-day change in price and open interest to help identify market trends and shifts.
Market Conditions Visualization: Differentiates market conditions by changing the background color based on:
Leverage-Driven Market: Blue background indicates increasing prices and OI, suggesting a bullish trend driven by leverage.
Spot-Driven Market: Green background shows increasing prices but decreasing OI, indicating a bullish trend driven by spot market activity.
Leverage Sell-Off: Orange background reveals decreasing prices with increasing OI, signaling a potential liquidation phase.
Deleveraging Sell-Off: Red background reflects decreasing prices and OI, indicating a bearish market with reduced leverage.
Top 3 BTC Futures Average OI: Displays the average open interest for the top 3 BTC futures contracts from major exchanges (Binance, OKX, Bybit). This helps gauge overall market sentiment and liquidity.
Visualization Tools: Includes optional plotting of open interest data and average OI for better visualization of market conditions.
Usage:
Traders and Analysts: Use the background color changes and average OI to make informed decisions about market entry and exit points.
Futures Traders: Track OI changes in major BTC futures to assess market strength and potential liquidity issues.
